(LEA 4) LAW ENFORCEMENT OPERATIONS AND PLANNING WITH CRIME MAPPING
  • 1. A police station commander designs a patrol strategy that allocates officers based on real-time crime data. Which planning principle does this best demonstrate?
A) Unity of Command
B) Evidence-Based Planning
C) Centralization
D) Flexibility
  • 2. In developing a five-year Patrol Plan, the PNP integrates public consultation and inter-agency collaboration. What type of plan is being implemented?
A) Contingency Plan
B) Operational Plan
C) Strategic Plan
D) Administrative Plan
  • 3. A precinct decides to adjust its patrol deployment after analyzing a sudden rise in cybercrimes. Which element of planning is reflected?
A) Adaptability
B) Evaluation
C) Control
D) Direction
  • 4. During the implementation of Patrol Plan 2030, what core philosophy ensures that performance is measurable and aligned with national security goals?
A) Situational Leadership Model
B) Quality Management System
C) Performance Governance System (PGS)
D) Balanced Scorecard
  • 5. Which of the following best demonstrates the “continuity” element in police planning?
A) Regularly updating patrol schedules based on feedback
B) Reporting only major crimes
C) Preparing alternate routes for VIP security
D) Following the same route daily
  • 6. When a plan focuses on achieving the “vision of a highly capable and credible police service,” it represents which planning level?
A) Strategic
B) Operational
C) Tactical
D) Contingency
  • 7. In planning, when police commanders use a “bottom-up” approach, they primarily emphasize_____.
A) Efficiency through hierarchy
B) Organizational participation
C) Political alignment
D) Command authority
  • 8. A precinct formulates a special operation for crowd control during a major rally. This is best classified as what type of plan?
A) Strategic Plan
B) Administrative Plan
C) Policy Plan
D) Operational Plan
  • 9. How does Patrol Plan 2030 promote transformational leadership within the PNP?
A) Through measurable and transparent objectives
B) Through centralized command only
C) Through strict adherence to hierarchy
D) Through punitive measures for non-performance
  • 10. If a law enforcement agency develops an emergency response guide for natural disasters, what classification of plan is that?
A) Contingency Plan
B) Standing Plan
C) Tactical Plan
D) Strategic Plan
  • 11. A chief of police regularly evaluates officers’ performance against their assigned tasks. Which function of planning is demonstrated?
A) Command
B) Coordination
C) Control
D) Motivation
  • 12. When a plan requires inter-agency collaboration between PNP and LGUs to reduce street crimes, which key principle applies?
A) Coordination
B) Decentralization
C) Secrecy
D) Segregation
  • 13. The success of Patrol Plan 2030 primarily depends on which leadership principle?
A) Participative governance
B) Authoritarian leadership
C) Centralized supervision
D) Individual performance only
  • 14. In PGS, the “Scorecard” functions mainly to_____.
A) Record disciplinary actions
B) Allocate resources for intelligence
C) Measure organizational and individual performance
D) Identify police misconduct
  • 15. The “feedback and learning” component in planning ensures______.
A) Operations remain classified
B) Only top officers make revisions
C) Plans are fixed and unchangeable
D) Continuous improvement and adaptation
  • 16. What distinguishes a tactical plan from a strategic plan in law enforcement?
A) Tactical plans focus on national objectives
B) Tactical plans have long-term goals
C) Tactical plans translate strategies into immediate actions
D) Strategic plans deal with day-to-day operations
  • 17. In the planning hierarchy, which plan directly guides field units in achieving daily operational goals?
A) Administrative Plan
B) Contingency Plan
C) Strategic Plan
D) Operational Plan
  • 18. When the PNP engages the community to identify local safety issues, which aspect of Patrol Plan 2030 is being emphasized?
A) Accountability
B) Deterrence
C) Transformation
D) Partnership
  • 19. How does integrating the PGS into patrol planning improve accountability?
A) It limits officer discretion
B) It measures output and transparency
C) It increases bureaucracy
D) It focuses only on leadership goals
  • 20. An operations manager aligns every police initiative with the organization’s vision and mission. This act best represents_____.
A) Procedural authority
B) Strategic alignment
C) Policy compliance
D) Personnel control
  • 21. A crime analyst uses software to display the frequency of theft incidents by neighborhood color gradients. This technique is an example of______.
A) Thematic mapping
B) Statistical modeling
C) Non-graphical indicator
D) Spatial regression
  • 22. When law enforcement identifies a pattern of robberies occurring around public transport terminals every Friday night, they are conducting_____.
A) Predictive policing
B) Random patrols
C) Geographic profiling
D) Social crime mapping
  • 23. Which method best determines whether socioeconomic factors influence the occurrence of crimes in a city?
A) Hotspot analysis
B) Thematic mapping
C) Spatial regression
D) Trend analysis
  • 24. A police station uses color-coded symbols to represent the number of incidents per barangay. This approach uses what kind of mapping?
A) Choropleth
B) Topographic
C) Thematic
D) Graphic regression
  • 25. Hotspot mapping is most useful for_____.
A) Identifying areas with high crime concentrations
B) Determining police salaries
C) Mapping police jurisdiction borders
D) Forecasting public celebrations
  • 26. If a commander reallocates patrols after identifying “crime clusters” in a city through GIS, what kind of application is being used?
A) Randomized control patrol
B) Spatial diffusion
C) Tactical crime mapping
D) Strategic redeployment
  • 27. What makes crime mapping a critical component of evidence-based policing?
A) It visualizes patterns that inform operational decisions
B) It focuses solely on statistical data
C) It allows speculative conclusions
D) It replaces human intelligence
  • 28. When analysts compare crime rates before and after installing CCTV in a specific area, they are performing______.
A) Non-graphical evaluation
B) Temporal analysis
C) Longitudinal monitoring
D) Spatial regression
  • 29. Which of the following best differentiates geographic profiling from hotspot mapping?
A) Both measure community satisfaction
B) Geographic profiling uses non-spatial data only
C) Hotspot mapping predicts future crime locations
D) Geographic profiling focuses on identifying offenders’ probable residences
  • 30. An analyst uses Excel tables to track incident numbers without visual maps. This approach relies on_____?
A) Predictive simulation
B) Non-graphical indicators
C) Spatial mapping
D) Thematic analysis
  • 31. A PNP unit examines whether crime incidents increase near liquor establishments. This analysis is an example of_____.
A) Situational correlation
B) Area mapping
C) Environmental regression
D) Spatial regression
  • 32. Why is thematic mapping more advantageous than text-based reports for decision-makers?
A) It emphasizes minor crimes only
B) It simplifies resource allocation by visualizing crime trends
C) It eliminates the need for statistics
D) It only works for rural areas
  • 33. Which mapping approach would be most effective for showing temporal changes in crime patterns?
A) Dynamic time-series map
B) Static hotspot map
C) Isoline map
D) Non-graphical table
  • 34. A police chief integrates crime data with socio-economic indicators like unemployment and literacy rates. This integration serves primarily to_____.
A) Measure administrative efficiency
B) Identify policy gaps
C) Produce non-graphical outputs
D) Conduct spatial correlation
  • 35. When the police use predictive mapping to anticipate crime occurrence before it happens, it reflects which policing concept?
A) Predictive analytics
B) Manual charting
C) Reactive patrol
D) Routine mapping
  • 36. A PNP commander assigns personnel based on threat level and available resources. What stage of the planning process is this?
A) Implementation
B) Feedback
C) Resource allocation
D) Situation analysis
  • 37. Which operational plan would best apply during a large-scale maritime oil spill?
A) Contingency Plan
B) Patrol Plan
C) Administrative Plan
D) Tactical Deployment Plan
  • 38. The NBI develops a coordinated operation with the PDEA for drug interdiction. This demonstrates_____.
A) Hierarchical supervision
B) Intelligence secrecy
C) Inter-agency collaboration
D) Operational planning
  • 39. Which agency is primarily responsible for border surveillance and anti-smuggling operations?
A) NBI
B) PNP
C) BID
D) PCG
  • 40. During pre-operation meetings, the PDEA evaluates possible escape routes of suspects. This is part of which planning step?
A) Situation analysis
B) Risk assessment
C) Resource control
D) Implementation
  • 41. A BFP team conducts a post-fire investigation to determine the cause of the blaze. This is an example of_____.
A) Evaluation phase
B) Initial planning
C) Prevention
D) Coordination
  • 42. In operations management, what principle ensures that each unit’s tasks are aligned with the main mission?
A) Unity of Command
B) Chain of Command
C) Unity of Direction
D) Coordination
  • 43. An immigration officer designs a daily inspection plan for international passengers. This plan is primarily_____.
A) Operational
B) Tactical
C) Strategic
D) Contingency
  • 44. When PNP creates a crime prevention program involving community volunteers, what planning concept is emphasized?
A) Partnership policing
B) Reactive operations
C) Command centralization
D) Intelligence gathering
  • 45. A joint task force between NBI and BID aims to identify foreign nationals involved in human trafficking. This collaboration represents______.
A) Legal enforcement
B) Jurisdictional independence
C) Routine investigation
D) Inter-agency synergy
  • 46. In an anti-terrorism operation, which planning principle ensures safety of civilians and property?
A) Proportionality
B) Security prioritization
C) Safety first
D) Efficiency
  • 47. A BFP operation plan includes coordination with hospitals and the Red Cross. This highlights which aspect of planning?
A) Communication
B) Inter-sectoral coordination
C) Command isolation
D) Hierarchical control
  • 48. During the evaluation of a maritime rescue, the PCG identifies delays due to lack of coordination. Which stage of the planning cycle does this feedback enhance?
A) Control
B) Implementation
C) Revision
D) Improvement
  • 49. PNP intelligence officers integrate cyber intelligence into their field operations. This practice exemplifies_____.
A) Adaptive planning
B) Standardized procedure
C) Decentralized control
D) Narrow coordination
  • 50. The planning phase that defines clear, measurable objectives aligned with agency goals is known as_____.
A) Tactical programming
B) Policy integration
C) Objective formulation
D) Strategic alignment
  • 51. The PDEA conducts simulation exercises before a buy-bust operation. What step in planning is this?
A) Control
B) Testing
C) Evaluation
D) Implementation
  • 52. When agencies create a unified operation plan to counter human trafficking, the key benefit is______.
A) Reduced intelligence sharing
B) Increased jurisdictional conflict
C) Unified command and coordination
D) Duplication of effort
  • 53. Which operational aspect ensures that all units perform as one coordinated body during emergencies?
A) Chain of command
B) Specialization
C) Task delegation
D) Coordination and synchronization
  • 54. The NBI implements a “Post-Operation Assessment” after a major raid. What is the primary purpose of this step?
A) To finalize reports only
B) To assign blame for failures
C) To evaluate performance and identify gaps
D) To celebrate success
  • 55. A PCG officer reviews weather forecasts before launching a rescue mission. This is part of what planning component?
A) Information gathering
B) Crisis management
C) Coordination plan
D) Command instruction
  • 56. What is the main goal of Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED)?
A) To redesign public spaces to reduce criminal opportunities
B) To deter offenders by stricter laws
C) To increase police presence only
D) To rely on surveillance alone
  • 57. Installing bright lighting in alleys to reduce assaults demonstrates which CPTED principle?
A) Territorial reinforcement
B) Maintenance
C) Natural surveillance
D) Target hardening
  • 58. How does GIS contribute to environmental crime prevention?
A) It visualizes spatial relationships between environment and crime
B) It replaces human patrols
C) It records officer attendance
D) It eliminates crime completely
  • 59. Which environmental feature best enhances “natural access control”?
A) Open public plazas
B) Large, unsupervised spaces
C) Dark alleys
D) Fences and designated entry points
  • 60. When planners design parks with clear visibility and community activity, they apply what CPTED principle?
A) Natural surveillance
B) Formal control
C) Target hardening
D) Territorial reinforcement
  • 61. A police department integrates GIS data with incident reports to plan patrol routes. This primarily enhances______.
A) Human-based observation
B) Random patrol
C) Traditional mapping
D) Data-driven deployment
  • 62. The use of spatial data to predict where crimes are likely to occur next represents______.
A) Manual plotting
B) Reactive mapping
C) Static mapping
D) Predictive GIS analysis
  • 63. Designing narrow alleys with mirrors and visibility points is an application of which principle?
A) Natural surveillance
B) Maintenance
C) Target hardening
D) Access control
  • 64. Which of the following best describes territorial reinforcement?
A) Eliminating open areas
B) Encouraging community ownership of public spaces
C) Reducing property lines
D) Increasing police checkpoints
  • 65. A GIS-generated heat map identifies recurring burglary patterns near schools. What is the next logical step for planners?
A) Increase patrol visibility in the identified zones
B) Conduct random arrests
C) Ignore minor crimes
D) Close all schools temporarily
  • 66. Why is GIS important for post-incident evaluation?
A) It visually reconstructs the event’s spatial flow
B) It eliminates paperwork
C) It measures public satisfaction
D) It focuses only on offender data
  • 67. In CPTED, “maintenance” primarily serves to______.
A) Expand commercial property
B) Reduce government spending
C) Reinforce a sense of ownership and safety
D) Limit police activity
  • 68. Combining CCTV data with GIS allows law enforcement to_____.
A) Replace detectives
B) Track spatial-temporal behavior of offenders
C) Avoid manual investigation
D) Reduce manpower
  • 69. When urban planners use landscaping to deter loitering and concealment, this demonstrates______.
A) Target hardening
B) Environmental aesthetics
C) Crime prevention through design
D) Situational design
  • 70. The integration of weather and traffic data into crime mapping improves_____.
A) Officer scheduling
B) Predictive precision
C) Political decision-making
D) Administrative filing
  • 71. GIS enhances operational efficiency by______.
A) Replacing leadership functions
B) Eliminating all crimes
C) Reducing community involvement
D) Allowing real-time tracking and spatial decision-making
  • 72. Which environmental design element best promotes community watch participation?
A) Isolated parking areas
B) Well-lit open spaces
C) Narrow blind streets
D) Hidden alleys
  • 73. In urban planning, the placement of police substations in high-visibility areas supports______.
A) Economic zoning
B) Territorial reinforcement and deterrence
C) Bureaucratic control
D) Population balance
  • 74. GIS crime analysis that incorporates time-of-day variables contributes to______.
A) Demographic analysis
B) Population profiling
C) Temporal-spatial crime forecasting
D) Statistical sampling
  • 75. When police design a new patrol route to cover high-risk environmental zones identified by GIS, it shows_____.
A) Application of data-informed operational planning
B) Manual data analysis
C) Traditional guesswork
D) Randomized response strategy
  • 76. During a police operation, officers ensured the presence of barangay witnesses while serving a warrant. This fulfills which constitutional principle?
A) Equal protection
B) Probable cause
C) Due process
D) Double jeopardy
  • 77. Which constitutional safeguard is violated when a suspect is detained without charge beyond the legal period?
A) Right to privacy
B) Right to confrontation
C) Right to counsel
D) Right against unreasonable detention
  • 78. A law enforcement team videotapes a warrantless arrest of a suspect committing a crime. The operation is valid under what doctrine?
A) Plain View Doctrine
B) Hot Pursuit Doctrine
C) Fruit of the Poisonous Tree
D) Stop and Frisk
  • 79. When officers search a house with a defective warrant, evidence gathered is inadmissible under_____.
A) Doctrine of Implied Consent
B) Plain View Doctrine
C) Exclusionary Rule
D) Probable Cause Doctrine
  • 80. An arrested person demands to contact a lawyer before questioning. This right is protected under______.
A) Rule on Evidence
B) Rule on Custodial Investigation
C) Warrant Clause
D) Writ of Habeas Corpus
  • 81. During a buy-bust operation, officers fail to coordinate with the DOJ. Which law is violated regarding evidence handling?
A) RA 9165 (Dangerous Drugs Act)
B) RA 7438 (Rights of Arrested Persons)
C) RA 6975 (DILG Act)
D) RA 8551 (PNP Reform Act)
  • 82. If a suspect voluntarily surrenders, the arresting officer must primarily ensure_____.
A) Documentation of surrender and rights advisement
B) Search of residence
C) Media exposure
D) The suspect’s immediate interrogation
  • 83. Which constitutional right is directly upheld by Miranda warnings?
A) Right to counsel and against self-incrimination
B) Right to bail
C) Right to privacy
D) Right to confrontation
  • 84. When a police checkpoint is conducted, what makes it constitutional?
A) It is properly supervised and non-discriminatory
B) It involves random vehicle searches
C) It is done secretly
D) It targets political groups
  • 85. Which doctrine justifies warrantless seizure of evidence visible to an officer lawfully present?
A) Exigent Circumstance Doctrine
B) Plain View Doctrine
C) In flagrante delicto
D) Consent Search Doctrine
  • 86. A person arrested for rebellion cannot post bail due to the nature of the offense. This aligns with which legal principle?
A) Due process violation
B) Preventive detention
C) Non-bailable offense
D) Civil liability
  • 87. When a police operation affects private property, officers must respect_____.
A) The right to speedy trial
B) The right to counsel
C) The right against unlawful search and seizure
D) The right to free travel
  • 88. A PNP officer coerces a confession through physical force. Which constitutional right is violated?
A) Right against self-incrimination
B) Right to privacy
C) Right to due process
D) Right to bail
  • 89. In custodial investigation, the presence of which individual validates the process?
A) The arresting officer’s superior
B) A witness
C) An independent counsel of the suspect’s choice
D) A barangay official
  • 90. A checkpoint manned without proper authority violates which principle?
A) Proportionality
B) Separation of powers
C) Lawful exercise of police power
D) Due process
  • 91. If a person is wrongly arrested, what legal remedy can be filed to challenge detention?
A) Injunction
B) Quo Warranto
C) Habeas Corpus
D) Certiorari
  • 92. Which law governs the rights of arrested or detained persons during custodial investigation?
A) Republic Act No. 6975
B) Republic Act No. 9165
C) Republic Act No. 7438
D) Republic Act No. 8551
  • 93. When a suspect is arrested for a non-violent offense, and the officer uses excessive force, which principle is violated?
A) Doctrine of hot pursuit
B) Plain view rule
C) Reasonable necessity of means employed
D) Probable cause principle
  • 94. A suspect confesses without the presence of counsel. What happens to the confession in court?
A) It is inadmissible due to rights violation
B) It can be used as circumstantial evidence
C) It is admissible if recorded
D) It is valid if the officer signs it
  • 95. A citizen records police misconduct during an arrest. What constitutional right protects this act?
A) Right to privacy
B) Freedom of speech and expression
C) Right to travel
D) Right to silence
  • 96. In a buy-bust operation, seized drugs must be inventoried and photographed immediately after confiscation. This ensures compliance with which rule?
A) Exclusionary rule
B) Chain of custody rule under RA 9165
C) Miranda doctrine
D) Rules on Criminal Procedure
  • 97. An accused is detained for more than 36 hours without charge for a crime punishable by reclusion temporal. This violates______.
A) Article 125 of the Revised Penal Code
B) RA 8551
C) Article 248 of the Revised Penal Code
D) RA 7438
  • 98. If evidence is illegally seized, which legal doctrine prevents its admissibility in court?
A) Doctrine of Double Jeopardy
B) Presumption of Regularity
C) Exclusionary Rule
D) Hot Pursuit Doctrine
  • 99. A suspect’s right to remain silent and to counsel upon arrest is derived from which constitutional provision?
A) Article III, Section 12
B) Article VI, Section 11
C) Article II, Section 1
D) Article III, Section 2
  • 100. In an operation, officers allow the suspect to be presented to media before arraignment, violating the dignity and presumption of innocence. What must be observed instead?
A) Confidentiality and respect for due process
B) Summary publicity for deterrence
C) Police media cooperation
D) Public display for transparency
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