(LEA 4) LAW ENFORCEMENT OPERATIONS AND PLANNING WITH CRIME MAPPING
  • 1. A police station commander designs a patrol strategy that allocates officers based on real-time crime data. Which planning principle does this best demonstrate?
A) Centralization
B) Evidence-Based Planning
C) Unity of Command
D) Flexibility
  • 2. In developing a five-year Patrol Plan, the PNP integrates public consultation and inter-agency collaboration. What type of plan is being implemented?
A) Contingency Plan
B) Strategic Plan
C) Administrative Plan
D) Operational Plan
  • 3. A precinct decides to adjust its patrol deployment after analyzing a sudden rise in cybercrimes. Which element of planning is reflected?
A) Adaptability
B) Direction
C) Control
D) Evaluation
  • 4. During the implementation of Patrol Plan 2030, what core philosophy ensures that performance is measurable and aligned with national security goals?
A) Quality Management System
B) Performance Governance System (PGS)
C) Situational Leadership Model
D) Balanced Scorecard
  • 5. Which of the following best demonstrates the “continuity” element in police planning?
A) Reporting only major crimes
B) Preparing alternate routes for VIP security
C) Following the same route daily
D) Regularly updating patrol schedules based on feedback
  • 6. When a plan focuses on achieving the “vision of a highly capable and credible police service,” it represents which planning level?
A) Operational
B) Contingency
C) Strategic
D) Tactical
  • 7. In planning, when police commanders use a “bottom-up” approach, they primarily emphasize_____.
A) Organizational participation
B) Command authority
C) Political alignment
D) Efficiency through hierarchy
  • 8. A precinct formulates a special operation for crowd control during a major rally. This is best classified as what type of plan?
A) Strategic Plan
B) Operational Plan
C) Policy Plan
D) Administrative Plan
  • 9. How does Patrol Plan 2030 promote transformational leadership within the PNP?
A) Through strict adherence to hierarchy
B) Through punitive measures for non-performance
C) Through centralized command only
D) Through measurable and transparent objectives
  • 10. If a law enforcement agency develops an emergency response guide for natural disasters, what classification of plan is that?
A) Tactical Plan
B) Strategic Plan
C) Contingency Plan
D) Standing Plan
  • 11. A chief of police regularly evaluates officers’ performance against their assigned tasks. Which function of planning is demonstrated?
A) Coordination
B) Motivation
C) Control
D) Command
  • 12. When a plan requires inter-agency collaboration between PNP and LGUs to reduce street crimes, which key principle applies?
A) Coordination
B) Secrecy
C) Decentralization
D) Segregation
  • 13. The success of Patrol Plan 2030 primarily depends on which leadership principle?
A) Participative governance
B) Centralized supervision
C) Authoritarian leadership
D) Individual performance only
  • 14. In PGS, the “Scorecard” functions mainly to_____.
A) Record disciplinary actions
B) Allocate resources for intelligence
C) Identify police misconduct
D) Measure organizational and individual performance
  • 15. The “feedback and learning” component in planning ensures______.
A) Operations remain classified
B) Only top officers make revisions
C) Continuous improvement and adaptation
D) Plans are fixed and unchangeable
  • 16. What distinguishes a tactical plan from a strategic plan in law enforcement?
A) Tactical plans focus on national objectives
B) Tactical plans translate strategies into immediate actions
C) Tactical plans have long-term goals
D) Strategic plans deal with day-to-day operations
  • 17. In the planning hierarchy, which plan directly guides field units in achieving daily operational goals?
A) Strategic Plan
B) Contingency Plan
C) Operational Plan
D) Administrative Plan
  • 18. When the PNP engages the community to identify local safety issues, which aspect of Patrol Plan 2030 is being emphasized?
A) Partnership
B) Transformation
C) Deterrence
D) Accountability
  • 19. How does integrating the PGS into patrol planning improve accountability?
A) It focuses only on leadership goals
B) It limits officer discretion
C) It measures output and transparency
D) It increases bureaucracy
  • 20. An operations manager aligns every police initiative with the organization’s vision and mission. This act best represents_____.
A) Strategic alignment
B) Personnel control
C) Procedural authority
D) Policy compliance
  • 21. A crime analyst uses software to display the frequency of theft incidents by neighborhood color gradients. This technique is an example of______.
A) Non-graphical indicator
B) Statistical modeling
C) Thematic mapping
D) Spatial regression
  • 22. When law enforcement identifies a pattern of robberies occurring around public transport terminals every Friday night, they are conducting_____.
A) Random patrols
B) Geographic profiling
C) Predictive policing
D) Social crime mapping
  • 23. Which method best determines whether socioeconomic factors influence the occurrence of crimes in a city?
A) Spatial regression
B) Thematic mapping
C) Hotspot analysis
D) Trend analysis
  • 24. A police station uses color-coded symbols to represent the number of incidents per barangay. This approach uses what kind of mapping?
A) Choropleth
B) Topographic
C) Graphic regression
D) Thematic
  • 25. Hotspot mapping is most useful for_____.
A) Forecasting public celebrations
B) Mapping police jurisdiction borders
C) Identifying areas with high crime concentrations
D) Determining police salaries
  • 26. If a commander reallocates patrols after identifying “crime clusters” in a city through GIS, what kind of application is being used?
A) Spatial diffusion
B) Strategic redeployment
C) Randomized control patrol
D) Tactical crime mapping
  • 27. What makes crime mapping a critical component of evidence-based policing?
A) It allows speculative conclusions
B) It replaces human intelligence
C) It focuses solely on statistical data
D) It visualizes patterns that inform operational decisions
  • 28. When analysts compare crime rates before and after installing CCTV in a specific area, they are performing______.
A) Temporal analysis
B) Spatial regression
C) Non-graphical evaluation
D) Longitudinal monitoring
  • 29. Which of the following best differentiates geographic profiling from hotspot mapping?
A) Geographic profiling focuses on identifying offenders’ probable residences
B) Both measure community satisfaction
C) Geographic profiling uses non-spatial data only
D) Hotspot mapping predicts future crime locations
  • 30. An analyst uses Excel tables to track incident numbers without visual maps. This approach relies on_____?
A) Thematic analysis
B) Non-graphical indicators
C) Spatial mapping
D) Predictive simulation
  • 31. A PNP unit examines whether crime incidents increase near liquor establishments. This analysis is an example of_____.
A) Spatial regression
B) Area mapping
C) Situational correlation
D) Environmental regression
  • 32. Why is thematic mapping more advantageous than text-based reports for decision-makers?
A) It eliminates the need for statistics
B) It only works for rural areas
C) It emphasizes minor crimes only
D) It simplifies resource allocation by visualizing crime trends
  • 33. Which mapping approach would be most effective for showing temporal changes in crime patterns?
A) Non-graphical table
B) Dynamic time-series map
C) Static hotspot map
D) Isoline map
  • 34. A police chief integrates crime data with socio-economic indicators like unemployment and literacy rates. This integration serves primarily to_____.
A) Measure administrative efficiency
B) Produce non-graphical outputs
C) Conduct spatial correlation
D) Identify policy gaps
  • 35. When the police use predictive mapping to anticipate crime occurrence before it happens, it reflects which policing concept?
A) Manual charting
B) Reactive patrol
C) Predictive analytics
D) Routine mapping
  • 36. A PNP commander assigns personnel based on threat level and available resources. What stage of the planning process is this?
A) Situation analysis
B) Implementation
C) Resource allocation
D) Feedback
  • 37. Which operational plan would best apply during a large-scale maritime oil spill?
A) Patrol Plan
B) Tactical Deployment Plan
C) Administrative Plan
D) Contingency Plan
  • 38. The NBI develops a coordinated operation with the PDEA for drug interdiction. This demonstrates_____.
A) Inter-agency collaboration
B) Hierarchical supervision
C) Intelligence secrecy
D) Operational planning
  • 39. Which agency is primarily responsible for border surveillance and anti-smuggling operations?
A) PNP
B) NBI
C) PCG
D) BID
  • 40. During pre-operation meetings, the PDEA evaluates possible escape routes of suspects. This is part of which planning step?
A) Resource control
B) Implementation
C) Situation analysis
D) Risk assessment
  • 41. A BFP team conducts a post-fire investigation to determine the cause of the blaze. This is an example of_____.
A) Coordination
B) Initial planning
C) Evaluation phase
D) Prevention
  • 42. In operations management, what principle ensures that each unit’s tasks are aligned with the main mission?
A) Unity of Direction
B) Coordination
C) Unity of Command
D) Chain of Command
  • 43. An immigration officer designs a daily inspection plan for international passengers. This plan is primarily_____.
A) Contingency
B) Operational
C) Tactical
D) Strategic
  • 44. When PNP creates a crime prevention program involving community volunteers, what planning concept is emphasized?
A) Reactive operations
B) Partnership policing
C) Intelligence gathering
D) Command centralization
  • 45. A joint task force between NBI and BID aims to identify foreign nationals involved in human trafficking. This collaboration represents______.
A) Routine investigation
B) Legal enforcement
C) Inter-agency synergy
D) Jurisdictional independence
  • 46. In an anti-terrorism operation, which planning principle ensures safety of civilians and property?
A) Safety first
B) Efficiency
C) Security prioritization
D) Proportionality
  • 47. A BFP operation plan includes coordination with hospitals and the Red Cross. This highlights which aspect of planning?
A) Communication
B) Command isolation
C) Hierarchical control
D) Inter-sectoral coordination
  • 48. During the evaluation of a maritime rescue, the PCG identifies delays due to lack of coordination. Which stage of the planning cycle does this feedback enhance?
A) Control
B) Revision
C) Improvement
D) Implementation
  • 49. PNP intelligence officers integrate cyber intelligence into their field operations. This practice exemplifies_____.
A) Adaptive planning
B) Standardized procedure
C) Narrow coordination
D) Decentralized control
  • 50. The planning phase that defines clear, measurable objectives aligned with agency goals is known as_____.
A) Policy integration
B) Strategic alignment
C) Objective formulation
D) Tactical programming
  • 51. The PDEA conducts simulation exercises before a buy-bust operation. What step in planning is this?
A) Implementation
B) Evaluation
C) Testing
D) Control
  • 52. When agencies create a unified operation plan to counter human trafficking, the key benefit is______.
A) Duplication of effort
B) Reduced intelligence sharing
C) Unified command and coordination
D) Increased jurisdictional conflict
  • 53. Which operational aspect ensures that all units perform as one coordinated body during emergencies?
A) Task delegation
B) Specialization
C) Coordination and synchronization
D) Chain of command
  • 54. The NBI implements a “Post-Operation Assessment” after a major raid. What is the primary purpose of this step?
A) To finalize reports only
B) To assign blame for failures
C) To celebrate success
D) To evaluate performance and identify gaps
  • 55. A PCG officer reviews weather forecasts before launching a rescue mission. This is part of what planning component?
A) Coordination plan
B) Crisis management
C) Information gathering
D) Command instruction
  • 56. What is the main goal of Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED)?
A) To deter offenders by stricter laws
B) To rely on surveillance alone
C) To redesign public spaces to reduce criminal opportunities
D) To increase police presence only
  • 57. Installing bright lighting in alleys to reduce assaults demonstrates which CPTED principle?
A) Target hardening
B) Natural surveillance
C) Territorial reinforcement
D) Maintenance
  • 58. How does GIS contribute to environmental crime prevention?
A) It replaces human patrols
B) It visualizes spatial relationships between environment and crime
C) It records officer attendance
D) It eliminates crime completely
  • 59. Which environmental feature best enhances “natural access control”?
A) Fences and designated entry points
B) Open public plazas
C) Dark alleys
D) Large, unsupervised spaces
  • 60. When planners design parks with clear visibility and community activity, they apply what CPTED principle?
A) Formal control
B) Target hardening
C) Natural surveillance
D) Territorial reinforcement
  • 61. A police department integrates GIS data with incident reports to plan patrol routes. This primarily enhances______.
A) Random patrol
B) Traditional mapping
C) Data-driven deployment
D) Human-based observation
  • 62. The use of spatial data to predict where crimes are likely to occur next represents______.
A) Reactive mapping
B) Manual plotting
C) Static mapping
D) Predictive GIS analysis
  • 63. Designing narrow alleys with mirrors and visibility points is an application of which principle?
A) Natural surveillance
B) Target hardening
C) Maintenance
D) Access control
  • 64. Which of the following best describes territorial reinforcement?
A) Encouraging community ownership of public spaces
B) Reducing property lines
C) Eliminating open areas
D) Increasing police checkpoints
  • 65. A GIS-generated heat map identifies recurring burglary patterns near schools. What is the next logical step for planners?
A) Increase patrol visibility in the identified zones
B) Close all schools temporarily
C) Ignore minor crimes
D) Conduct random arrests
  • 66. Why is GIS important for post-incident evaluation?
A) It focuses only on offender data
B) It eliminates paperwork
C) It measures public satisfaction
D) It visually reconstructs the event’s spatial flow
  • 67. In CPTED, “maintenance” primarily serves to______.
A) Expand commercial property
B) Limit police activity
C) Reinforce a sense of ownership and safety
D) Reduce government spending
  • 68. Combining CCTV data with GIS allows law enforcement to_____.
A) Track spatial-temporal behavior of offenders
B) Reduce manpower
C) Replace detectives
D) Avoid manual investigation
  • 69. When urban planners use landscaping to deter loitering and concealment, this demonstrates______.
A) Target hardening
B) Crime prevention through design
C) Situational design
D) Environmental aesthetics
  • 70. The integration of weather and traffic data into crime mapping improves_____.
A) Administrative filing
B) Predictive precision
C) Political decision-making
D) Officer scheduling
  • 71. GIS enhances operational efficiency by______.
A) Reducing community involvement
B) Replacing leadership functions
C) Allowing real-time tracking and spatial decision-making
D) Eliminating all crimes
  • 72. Which environmental design element best promotes community watch participation?
A) Narrow blind streets
B) Hidden alleys
C) Well-lit open spaces
D) Isolated parking areas
  • 73. In urban planning, the placement of police substations in high-visibility areas supports______.
A) Territorial reinforcement and deterrence
B) Economic zoning
C) Bureaucratic control
D) Population balance
  • 74. GIS crime analysis that incorporates time-of-day variables contributes to______.
A) Population profiling
B) Temporal-spatial crime forecasting
C) Statistical sampling
D) Demographic analysis
  • 75. When police design a new patrol route to cover high-risk environmental zones identified by GIS, it shows_____.
A) Application of data-informed operational planning
B) Randomized response strategy
C) Traditional guesswork
D) Manual data analysis
  • 76. During a police operation, officers ensured the presence of barangay witnesses while serving a warrant. This fulfills which constitutional principle?
A) Equal protection
B) Double jeopardy
C) Due process
D) Probable cause
  • 77. Which constitutional safeguard is violated when a suspect is detained without charge beyond the legal period?
A) Right to privacy
B) Right to counsel
C) Right to confrontation
D) Right against unreasonable detention
  • 78. A law enforcement team videotapes a warrantless arrest of a suspect committing a crime. The operation is valid under what doctrine?
A) Stop and Frisk
B) Plain View Doctrine
C) Fruit of the Poisonous Tree
D) Hot Pursuit Doctrine
  • 79. When officers search a house with a defective warrant, evidence gathered is inadmissible under_____.
A) Probable Cause Doctrine
B) Doctrine of Implied Consent
C) Plain View Doctrine
D) Exclusionary Rule
  • 80. An arrested person demands to contact a lawyer before questioning. This right is protected under______.
A) Writ of Habeas Corpus
B) Rule on Custodial Investigation
C) Warrant Clause
D) Rule on Evidence
  • 81. During a buy-bust operation, officers fail to coordinate with the DOJ. Which law is violated regarding evidence handling?
A) RA 6975 (DILG Act)
B) RA 9165 (Dangerous Drugs Act)
C) RA 8551 (PNP Reform Act)
D) RA 7438 (Rights of Arrested Persons)
  • 82. If a suspect voluntarily surrenders, the arresting officer must primarily ensure_____.
A) Search of residence
B) Documentation of surrender and rights advisement
C) Media exposure
D) The suspect’s immediate interrogation
  • 83. Which constitutional right is directly upheld by Miranda warnings?
A) Right to privacy
B) Right to bail
C) Right to confrontation
D) Right to counsel and against self-incrimination
  • 84. When a police checkpoint is conducted, what makes it constitutional?
A) It involves random vehicle searches
B) It targets political groups
C) It is properly supervised and non-discriminatory
D) It is done secretly
  • 85. Which doctrine justifies warrantless seizure of evidence visible to an officer lawfully present?
A) Exigent Circumstance Doctrine
B) Plain View Doctrine
C) Consent Search Doctrine
D) In flagrante delicto
  • 86. A person arrested for rebellion cannot post bail due to the nature of the offense. This aligns with which legal principle?
A) Due process violation
B) Civil liability
C) Preventive detention
D) Non-bailable offense
  • 87. When a police operation affects private property, officers must respect_____.
A) The right to free travel
B) The right to speedy trial
C) The right to counsel
D) The right against unlawful search and seizure
  • 88. A PNP officer coerces a confession through physical force. Which constitutional right is violated?
A) Right to privacy
B) Right against self-incrimination
C) Right to bail
D) Right to due process
  • 89. In custodial investigation, the presence of which individual validates the process?
A) An independent counsel of the suspect’s choice
B) The arresting officer’s superior
C) A witness
D) A barangay official
  • 90. A checkpoint manned without proper authority violates which principle?
A) Proportionality
B) Due process
C) Lawful exercise of police power
D) Separation of powers
  • 91. If a person is wrongly arrested, what legal remedy can be filed to challenge detention?
A) Habeas Corpus
B) Quo Warranto
C) Injunction
D) Certiorari
  • 92. Which law governs the rights of arrested or detained persons during custodial investigation?
A) Republic Act No. 9165
B) Republic Act No. 7438
C) Republic Act No. 6975
D) Republic Act No. 8551
  • 93. When a suspect is arrested for a non-violent offense, and the officer uses excessive force, which principle is violated?
A) Doctrine of hot pursuit
B) Probable cause principle
C) Reasonable necessity of means employed
D) Plain view rule
  • 94. A suspect confesses without the presence of counsel. What happens to the confession in court?
A) It can be used as circumstantial evidence
B) It is inadmissible due to rights violation
C) It is admissible if recorded
D) It is valid if the officer signs it
  • 95. A citizen records police misconduct during an arrest. What constitutional right protects this act?
A) Right to privacy
B) Right to travel
C) Freedom of speech and expression
D) Right to silence
  • 96. In a buy-bust operation, seized drugs must be inventoried and photographed immediately after confiscation. This ensures compliance with which rule?
A) Chain of custody rule under RA 9165
B) Exclusionary rule
C) Miranda doctrine
D) Rules on Criminal Procedure
  • 97. An accused is detained for more than 36 hours without charge for a crime punishable by reclusion temporal. This violates______.
A) RA 7438
B) Article 125 of the Revised Penal Code
C) Article 248 of the Revised Penal Code
D) RA 8551
  • 98. If evidence is illegally seized, which legal doctrine prevents its admissibility in court?
A) Doctrine of Double Jeopardy
B) Hot Pursuit Doctrine
C) Exclusionary Rule
D) Presumption of Regularity
  • 99. A suspect’s right to remain silent and to counsel upon arrest is derived from which constitutional provision?
A) Article III, Section 2
B) Article II, Section 1
C) Article VI, Section 11
D) Article III, Section 12
  • 100. In an operation, officers allow the suspect to be presented to media before arraignment, violating the dignity and presumption of innocence. What must be observed instead?
A) Public display for transparency
B) Summary publicity for deterrence
C) Confidentiality and respect for due process
D) Police media cooperation
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