CDI-5
  • 1. The Fire Triangle illustrates that fire cannot exist without all three elements. Which combination correctly represents the Fire Triangle?
A) Heat, Smoke, Flame
B) Fuel, Oxygen, Heat
C) Fuel, Oxygen, Chemical Chain Reaction
D) Oxygen, Flame, Ignition
  • 2. The Fire Tetrahedron adds one more element to the Fire Triangle. What does this additional element represent?
A) Fuel expansion
B) Smoke production
C) Chemical chain reaction
D) Heat radiation
  • 3. Which of the following BEST describes “products of combustion”?
A) Substances produced as a result of burning
B) Materials used to ignite fire
C) Materials that resist burning
D) Chemicals used to extinguish fire
  • 4. Smoke, heat, and toxic gases released during burning are examples of:
A) Thermal energy
B) Fire hazards
C) Combustion by-products
D) Fire extinguishing agents
  • 5. Friction, electricity, and chemical reaction are examples of what?
A) Products of fire spread
B) Flame types
C) Forms of oxygen
D) Sources of heat energy
  • 6. Which source of heat energy occurs when two objects rub together and produce heat?
A) Electrical heat
B) Solar heat
C) Chemical heat
D) Mechanical heat
  • 7. Heat transfer by direct physical contact between molecules is known as:
A) Expansion
B) Convection
C) Radiation
D) Conduction
  • 8. Which method of heat transfer is responsible for the upward movement of hot gases and smoke during a fire?
A) Conduction
B) Convection
C) Reflection
D) Radiation
  • 9. During which stage of fire development does the fire rapidly grow and heat build up, eventually leading to possible flashover?
A) Growth stage
B) Incipient stage
C) Fully developed stage
D) Decay stage
  • 10. The final stage of fire development, characterized by a drop in fuel or oxygen and reduced flame activity, is the:
A) Ignition stage
B) Fully developed stage
C) Growth stage
D) Decay stage
  • 11. A kitchen fire starts when oil on a pan overheats and ignites. Which element of the Fire Triangle was the FIRST to increase, causing the ignition?
A) Chemical chain reaction
B) Oxygen
C) Heat
D) Fuel
  • 12. A firefighter removes burning materials from a room to stop the fire from spreading. Which part of the Fire Triangle is being eliminated?
A) Chemical chain reaction
B) Fuel
C) Heat
D) Oxygen
  • 13. When a chemical fire continues to burn even after removing heat and fuel, which element of the Fire Tetrahedron is sustaining the fire?
A) Carbon dioxide
B) Chemical chain reaction
C) Oxygen
D) Water vapor
  • 14. firefighter enters a smoke-filled room and notices reduced visibility and strong toxic fumes. Which product of combustion is causing the MOST danger in this scenario?
A) Steam
B) Heat
C) Light
D) Toxic gases
  • 15. A wooden building ignites due to a lightning strike during a storm. Which source of heat energy triggered the fire?
A) Solar heat
B) Mechanical heat
C) Electrical heat
D) Chemical heat
  • 16. A steel beam heats up because it is directly touching a burning wooden wall. Which method of heat transfer is responsible?
A) Reflection
B) Conduction
C) Radiation
D) Convection
  • 17. Thick, black smoke rapidly fills the upper portion of a room and begins to push downward as temperature rises. Which method of heat transfer explains this movement?
A) Convection
B) Conduction
C) Radiation
D) Refractive heating
  • 18. A fire investigator concludes that sunlight passing through a broken glass window concentrated heat onto a rug, causing ignition. Which heat source is being applied here?
A) Electrical
B) Mechanical
C) Solar
D) Chemical
  • 19. A fire suddenly engulfs an entire room after heat builds up and gases reach ignition temperature. Which stage of fire development is demonstrated?
A) Growth
B) Incipient
C) Fully developed
D) Flashover leading to fully developed stage
  • 20. After firefighters knock down most of the flames, the fire weakens because combustible materials are consumed. Which stage of fire development is the fire entering?
A) Growth stage
B) Incipient stage
C) Decay stage
D) Fully developed stage
  • 21. A Class A fire involves which type of material?
A) Combustible metals
B) Electrical equipment
C) Ordinary combustibles like wood and cloth
D) Flammable liquids
  • 22. A fire involving gasoline and oil is classified as:
A) Class A
B) Class C
C) Class D
D) Class B
  • 23. What type of fire extinguisher is MOST appropriate for an electrical fire?
A) Foam extinguisher
B) Water extinguisher
C) Wet chemical extinguisher
D) CO₂ or dry chemical extinguisher
  • 24. Which fire extinguishing method works by lowering the temperature below ignition point?
A) Inhibiting chemical chain reaction
B) Starvation
C) Cooling
D) Smothering
  • 25. Removing combustible materials from a burning area is an example of which extinguishing method?
A) Chemical inhibition
B) Smothering
C) Starvation
D) Cooling
  • 26. The BEST method to extinguish a Class K (kitchen) fire caused by hot cooking oil is:
A) Smother with a lid or use wet chemical extinguisher
B) Use a CO₂ extinguisher
C) Pour water directly
D) Lower the room temperature
  • 27. Fire prevention primarily focuses on:
A) Responding to fires that have already started
B) Investigating causes of existing fires
C) Educating the public and eliminating hazards before ignition
D) Suppressing flames as quickly as possible
  • 28. Fire suppression refers to:
A) Training firefighters
B) Controlling and extinguishing active fires
C) Stopping fires from starting
D) Investigating the fire’s cause
  • 29. Which phase of firefighting includes exposure protection and preventing the fire from spreading?
A) Confinement phase
B) Mop-up phase
C) Rescue phase
D) Overhaul phase
  • 30. After the main fire is extinguished, firefighters check for hidden embers and remaining hotspots. This activity is part of the:
A) Size-up phase
B) Overhaul phase
C) Initial attack phase
D) Rescue phase
  • 31. Which fire class involves combustible solids like wood, cloth, and paper?
A) Class C
B) Class B
C) Class A
D) Class D
  • 32. What is the most appropriate extinguishing method for Class A fires?
A) Cooling with water
B) Using CO₂
C) Smothering with foam
D) Using dry powder
  • 33. Which fire class involves flammable liquids such as gasoline, oil, or paint?
A) Class C
B) Class K
C) Class B
D) Class D
  • 34. Which extinguishing agent is recommended for electrical (Class C) fires?
A) Sand
B) Wet chemical agent
C) CO₂ or dry chemical powder
D) Water extinguisher
  • 35. Which method of extinguishing fire works by removing oxygen from the fire triangle?
A) Cooling
B) Radiation
C) Starvation
D) Smothering
  • 36. Which of the following is the BEST example of fire prevention?
A) Using foam to stop fire growth
B) Performing regular maintenance on electrical systems
C) Closing doors to slow fire spread
D) Removing burning materials
  • 37. What is the FIRST phase of firefighting?
A) Suppression
B) Size-up
C) Overhaul
D) Salvage
  • 38. During which phase of firefighting do firefighters primarily work to extinguish the fire and stop its spread?
A) Overhaul
B) Control
C) Salvage
D) Suppression
  • 39. The phase in which firefighters search for hidden embers and prevent rekindling is called:
A) Salvage
B) Control
C) Size-up
D) Overhaul
  • 40. Which action is part of fire control rather than fire prevention?
A) Educating the public about fire hazards
B) Installing smoke detectors
C) Properly storing flammable liquids
D) Confine the fire to its area of origin
  • 41. Which of the following is an example of active fire protection?
A) Fire-stopping materials
B) Fire sprinkler system
C) Fire doors
D) Fire-resistant walls
  • 42. Which device detects smoke particles in the air using a light beam?
A) Ionization detector
B) CO detector
C) Heat detector
D) Photoelectric smoke detector
  • 43. Which of the following is considered passive fire protection?
A) Automatic sprinklers
B) Fire alarm systems
C) Fire-rated walls and ceilings
D) Fire extinguishers
  • 44. What type of detector activates when the temperature reaches a set level?
A) Smoke detector
B) Heat detector
C) Flame detector
D) Carbon monoxide detector
  • 45. Which fire suppression system uses water as its primary extinguishing agent?
A) CO₂ system
B) Water sprinkler system
C) Dry chemical system
D) FM-200 system
  • 46. Which component alerts building occupants during a fire emergency?
A) Manual pull station
B) Alarm sounder or bell
C) Control panel
D) Heat detector
  • 47. The main function of a flame detector is to detect:
A) Rising temperature
B) Visible or infrared light from flames
C) Smoke particles
D) Carbon monoxide levels
  • 48. Which system must be manually activated by a person?
A) Automatic sprinkler
B) Smoke detector
C) Manual pull station
D) Fire pump
  • 49. Fire doors are classified as what type of fire protection?
A) Detection system
B) Special protection
C) Passive
D) Active
  • 50. Which fire suppression agent is best for protecting sensitive electronic equipment?
A) Water
B) FM-200
C) CO₂
D) Sand
  • 51. Which device sends signals to the fire alarm control panel once smoke or heat is detected?
A) Fire hose reel
B) Fire vent
C) Sprinkler head
D) Automatic detector
  • 52. A fire alarm control panel is considered:
A) Passive fire component
B) Notification appliance
C) Detection equipment
D) System control center
  • 53. Which of the following is not an active fire protection system?
A) Fire hose reel
B) Smoke detector
C) Fire-resistant flooring
D) Fire alarm
  • 54. Which type of suppression system releases fine mist to cool and smother the fire?
A) Water mist system
B) Wet pipe sprinkler
C) CO₂ system
D) Dry chemical system
  • 55. The purpose of passive fire protection is to:
A) Notify building occupants
B) Suppress fire automatically
C) Contain fire and prevent spread
D) Detect fire early
  • 56. Which system activates only after a sprinkler head’s glass bulb bursts?
A) Wet pipe sprinkler system
B) Deluge system
C) Dry pipe system
D) CO₂ flooding system
  • 57. What component is used to manually signal a fire emergency?
A) Manual call point
B) Smoke barrier
C) Fire extinguisher bracket
D) Fire damper
  • 58. Fire dampers installed in air ducts are an example of:
A) Passive fire protection
B) Active fire detection
C) Active suppression
D) Alarm notification
  • 59. A device that sounds an alarm when smoke levels exceed a threshold is a:
A) Ventilation damper
B) Fire hose
C) Smoke detector
D) Fire hydrant
  • 60. Which equipment actively releases an extinguishing agent to control fire?
A) Fire sprinkler
B) Fire-rated doors
C) Fire partitions
D) Fire-resistant walls
  • 61. Which law governs the penal provisions for arson that replaced Article 320 of the Revised Penal Code?
A) PD 1602
B) RA 9262
C) PD 1613
D) RA 9851
  • 62. Under PD 1613, which is considered simple arson?
A) Burning a warehouse used as storage for goods
B) Burning an inhabited house
C) Burning a government office
D) Burning a school building
  • 63. Which of the following constitutes destructive arson under PD 1613?
A) Burning one’s own belongings inside a private room
B) Burning an uninhabited hut
C) Burning a public building or government-owned structure
D) Burning a pile of garbage
  • 64. What is the essential element of arson under PD 1613?
A) Burning occurred due to natural causes
B) Intentional and malicious burning of property
C) The fire was caused by accident
D) The property is damaged due to negligence
  • 65. Under PD 1613, which of the following acts does NOT constitute arson?
A) Setting fire to a building used for business
B) Burning grass in an empty lot accidentally
C) Deliberately burning crops belonging to another
D) Burning a neighbor’s vehicle out of revenge
  • 66. What is the penalty for destructive arson under PD 1613?
A) Fine only
B) Reclusion perpetua to death
C) Arresto mayor
D) Reclusion temporal
  • 67. Which scenario qualifies as arson “committed by means of explosion” under PD 1613?
A) Fire spreads naturally due to strong wind
B) A person uses a bomb to set a building on fire
C) A person accidentally drops gasoline near a flame
D) A fire starts because of faulty electrical wiring
  • 68. Under PD 1613, burning a building that is inhabited or used as a dwelling is classified as:
A) Simple arson
B) Negligent arson
C) Accidental burning
D) Destructive arson
  • 69. Which act constitutes attempted arson under PD 1613?
A) The suspect successfully burns a house
B) The suspect prepares gasoline but takes no action
C) The suspect lights a match and places it on property but fire fails to spread
D) The suspect reports a fake fire
  • 70. Under PD 1613, which is a qualifying circumstance that increases criminal liability for arson?
A) Arson committed accidentally
B) Arson committed on an empty field
C) Arson committed to conceal another crime
D) Fire caused by lightning
  • 71. A man intentionally burns his own warehouse to collect insurance. The fire spreads and destroys his neighbor’s store. What crime is he liable for under PD 1613?
A) Arson with intent to defraud
B) Simple arson
C) No crime, since it was his own property
D) Destructive arson
  • 72. A tenant sets fire to the apartment unit he is renting due to anger at the landlord. The apartment contains multiple dwellers. What type of arson applies?
A) Accidental arson
B) Destructive arson
C) Attempted arson
D) Simple arson
  • 73. A farmer burns his own rice field intentionally. The act is contained to his property only. What crime, if any, did he commit?
A) Destructive arson
B) Malicious mischief
C) No arson
D) Simple arson
  • 74. A person pours gasoline on a neighbor’s car and lights it on fire. The car is parked in an open garage attached to the house. What is the most appropriate classification?
A) Destructive arson
B) Malicious burning
C) Attempted arson
D) Simple arson
  • 75. A suspect lights a cloth soaked in gasoline and places it inside a store at night, but the fire dies out before spreading. What crime is committed?
A) Destructive arson
B) Attempted arson
C) Simple arson
D) No crime
  • 76. A student accidentally knocks over a candle that burns part of a classroom wall. What crime applies under PD 1613?
A) Simple arson
B) Destructive arson
C) Reckless imprudence resulting in damage
D) Accidental fire (no arson)
  • 77. A man burns a public market stall to destroy evidence after stealing valuables. Which qualifies this act under PD 1613?
A) Destructive arson
B) Simple arson
C) Arson with a qualifying circumstance
D) Accidental burning
  • 78. A factory owner purposely sets fire to a storage building containing toxic chemicals, causing danger to nearby residents. How is this classified?
A) Simple arson
B) Destructive arson
C) Malicious mischief
D) Attempted arson
  • 79. A child throws a lit match inside an uninhabited abandoned house as a prank, causing it to burn down. What is the legal implication?
A) No arson since the building is abandoned
B) Simple arson because the structure is not inhabited
C) Attempted arson
D) Destructive arson
  • 80. A person sets fire to a church using gasoline. No one is inside, but the building is severely damaged. How is this evaluated under PD 1613?
A) Accidental arson
B) Simple arson
C) Destructive arson
D) Attempted arson
  • 81. When arriving at a fire scene, what is the first step in evaluating it?
A) Start extinguishing the fire immediately
B) Conduct a systematic scene survey
C) Remove debris to access the fire origin
D) Interview witnesses before observing the scene
  • 82. A char pattern on a wooden floor forms a V-shape pointing toward a wall. What does this indicate?
A) Fire started on the ceiling
B) Fire originated near the wall
C) Fire moved randomly
D) Fire was caused by electrical fault
  • 83. Deep charring on the floor and furniture in one room suggests what about the fire?
A) The fire was electrical
B) The fire started elsewhere
C) The fire burned slowly
D) That room is likely the point of origin
  • 84. Which type of evidence is MOST important for determining the cause of a fire?
A) Burn patterns
B) Firefighter reports only
C) Newspaper articles
D) Witness statements only
  • 85. A room shows heavy charring near an outlet. What is the likely cause of fire?
A) Arson
B) Cooking accident
C) Lightning strike
D) Electrical malfunction
  • 86. If multiple small V-shaped patterns are found pointing toward one spot on the floor, this usually indicates:
A) Fire started from a single point
B) Fire was accidental
C) Fire started from multiple points (possible arson)
D) Fire moved randomly
  • 87. Heavy smoke staining on walls near the ceiling helps investigators determine:
A) The time the fire started
B) Who caused the fire
C) The exact cause of the fire
D) The spread and direction of fire
  • 88. Alligatoring of wood surfaces (cracks in char resembling alligator skin) indicates:
A) Water was applied early
B) Fire started recently
C) Fire was caused by chemicals
D) The intensity and duration of burning
  • 89. Which observation suggests the fire may have been intentionally set?
A) Single area of deep charring
B) Fire confined to kitchen appliances
C) Uniform burn throughout the room
D) Multiple points of origin
  • 90. Burn patterns that show “inverted cones” or holes in the ceiling usually indicate:
A) Fire started on the floor
B) Fire involved accelerants
C) Fire was electrical
D) Fire burned slowly
  • 91. At a fire scene, investigators notice that a single room is almost completely charred while adjacent rooms are lightly damaged. What does this suggest?
A) The fire originated in the adjacent rooms
B) The heavily charred room is likely the point of origin
C) The fire started on the roof
D) The fire was accidental
  • 92. A V-shaped burn pattern on a wooden wall points toward a corner. What can be inferred?
A) Fire likely originated at that corner
B) Fire moved away from the corner
C) Fire originated on the ceiling
D) Fire was caused by natural causes
  • 93. Investigators find multiple deep charring points in different areas of a room. What conclusion is most reasonable?
A) Fire may have been intentionally set (possible arson)
B) Fire was caused by lightning
C) Fire started accidentally from one source
D) Fire was caused by faulty ventilation
  • 94. Heavy smoke staining is observed on the upper walls and ceiling. What information does this provide?
A) The fire was caused by an electrical fault
B) The fire started at ceiling level
C) The fire was intentionally set
D) The fire started low and spread upwards
  • 95. Alligatoring of wooden surfaces is present in the room. What does this indicate?
A) Fire was accidental
B) Fire was intense and lasted a significant duration
C) Fire was brief and low intensity
D) Fire involved water accelerants
  • 96. A kitchen shows charring confined only to the stove area with minimal damage elsewhere. What is the most likely cause?
A) Cooking accident
B) Lightning strike
C) Electrical fire
D) Arson
  • 97. Inverted cone burn patterns are observed on the floor and walls. What does this suggest about the fire?
A) Accelerants were likely used
B) Fire was caused by a natural source
C) Fire started in the ceiling
D) Fire was caused by electrical short circuit
  • 98. Investigators note a burn pattern that moves from a lower corner to the ceiling in a distinct path. What can be inferred?
A) Fire started at the lower corner and spread upward
B) Fire originated on the ceiling
C) Fire was intentionally started on the roof
D) Fire was accidental
  • 99. A garage has several burn patterns concentrated near stored gasoline cans. What is the likely cause of fire?
A) Lightning strike
B) Electrical malfunction
C) Spontaneous combustion
D) Fire ignited using accelerants
  • 100. Multiple rooms show similar V-shaped burn patterns pointing toward a central point. What does this suggest about the fire scene?
A) Fire was accidental
B) Fire started outside the building
C) Central point may indicate multiple ignition sources (possible arson)
D) Fire spread from the ceiling
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