CDI-5
  • 1. The Fire Triangle illustrates that fire cannot exist without all three elements. Which combination correctly represents the Fire Triangle?
A) Fuel, Oxygen, Chemical Chain Reaction
B) Heat, Smoke, Flame
C) Fuel, Oxygen, Heat
D) Oxygen, Flame, Ignition
  • 2. The Fire Tetrahedron adds one more element to the Fire Triangle. What does this additional element represent?
A) Fuel expansion
B) Smoke production
C) Heat radiation
D) Chemical chain reaction
  • 3. Which of the following BEST describes “products of combustion”?
A) Substances produced as a result of burning
B) Materials that resist burning
C) Chemicals used to extinguish fire
D) Materials used to ignite fire
  • 4. Smoke, heat, and toxic gases released during burning are examples of:
A) Combustion by-products
B) Fire extinguishing agents
C) Fire hazards
D) Thermal energy
  • 5. Friction, electricity, and chemical reaction are examples of what?
A) Sources of heat energy
B) Flame types
C) Products of fire spread
D) Forms of oxygen
  • 6. Which source of heat energy occurs when two objects rub together and produce heat?
A) Solar heat
B) Mechanical heat
C) Chemical heat
D) Electrical heat
  • 7. Heat transfer by direct physical contact between molecules is known as:
A) Radiation
B) Convection
C) Expansion
D) Conduction
  • 8. Which method of heat transfer is responsible for the upward movement of hot gases and smoke during a fire?
A) Conduction
B) Convection
C) Reflection
D) Radiation
  • 9. During which stage of fire development does the fire rapidly grow and heat build up, eventually leading to possible flashover?
A) Fully developed stage
B) Growth stage
C) Decay stage
D) Incipient stage
  • 10. The final stage of fire development, characterized by a drop in fuel or oxygen and reduced flame activity, is the:
A) Growth stage
B) Fully developed stage
C) Ignition stage
D) Decay stage
  • 11. A kitchen fire starts when oil on a pan overheats and ignites. Which element of the Fire Triangle was the FIRST to increase, causing the ignition?
A) Oxygen
B) Chemical chain reaction
C) Heat
D) Fuel
  • 12. A firefighter removes burning materials from a room to stop the fire from spreading. Which part of the Fire Triangle is being eliminated?
A) Oxygen
B) Heat
C) Fuel
D) Chemical chain reaction
  • 13. When a chemical fire continues to burn even after removing heat and fuel, which element of the Fire Tetrahedron is sustaining the fire?
A) Water vapor
B) Carbon dioxide
C) Oxygen
D) Chemical chain reaction
  • 14. firefighter enters a smoke-filled room and notices reduced visibility and strong toxic fumes. Which product of combustion is causing the MOST danger in this scenario?
A) Light
B) Heat
C) Steam
D) Toxic gases
  • 15. A wooden building ignites due to a lightning strike during a storm. Which source of heat energy triggered the fire?
A) Electrical heat
B) Mechanical heat
C) Chemical heat
D) Solar heat
  • 16. A steel beam heats up because it is directly touching a burning wooden wall. Which method of heat transfer is responsible?
A) Radiation
B) Convection
C) Conduction
D) Reflection
  • 17. Thick, black smoke rapidly fills the upper portion of a room and begins to push downward as temperature rises. Which method of heat transfer explains this movement?
A) Conduction
B) Radiation
C) Refractive heating
D) Convection
  • 18. A fire investigator concludes that sunlight passing through a broken glass window concentrated heat onto a rug, causing ignition. Which heat source is being applied here?
A) Electrical
B) Solar
C) Mechanical
D) Chemical
  • 19. A fire suddenly engulfs an entire room after heat builds up and gases reach ignition temperature. Which stage of fire development is demonstrated?
A) Fully developed
B) Growth
C) Flashover leading to fully developed stage
D) Incipient
  • 20. After firefighters knock down most of the flames, the fire weakens because combustible materials are consumed. Which stage of fire development is the fire entering?
A) Growth stage
B) Incipient stage
C) Fully developed stage
D) Decay stage
  • 21. A Class A fire involves which type of material?
A) Flammable liquids
B) Electrical equipment
C) Ordinary combustibles like wood and cloth
D) Combustible metals
  • 22. A fire involving gasoline and oil is classified as:
A) Class A
B) Class C
C) Class D
D) Class B
  • 23. What type of fire extinguisher is MOST appropriate for an electrical fire?
A) Water extinguisher
B) Foam extinguisher
C) Wet chemical extinguisher
D) CO₂ or dry chemical extinguisher
  • 24. Which fire extinguishing method works by lowering the temperature below ignition point?
A) Starvation
B) Smothering
C) Cooling
D) Inhibiting chemical chain reaction
  • 25. Removing combustible materials from a burning area is an example of which extinguishing method?
A) Starvation
B) Smothering
C) Chemical inhibition
D) Cooling
  • 26. The BEST method to extinguish a Class K (kitchen) fire caused by hot cooking oil is:
A) Smother with a lid or use wet chemical extinguisher
B) Pour water directly
C) Lower the room temperature
D) Use a CO₂ extinguisher
  • 27. Fire prevention primarily focuses on:
A) Suppressing flames as quickly as possible
B) Investigating causes of existing fires
C) Responding to fires that have already started
D) Educating the public and eliminating hazards before ignition
  • 28. Fire suppression refers to:
A) Controlling and extinguishing active fires
B) Training firefighters
C) Stopping fires from starting
D) Investigating the fire’s cause
  • 29. Which phase of firefighting includes exposure protection and preventing the fire from spreading?
A) Confinement phase
B) Overhaul phase
C) Mop-up phase
D) Rescue phase
  • 30. After the main fire is extinguished, firefighters check for hidden embers and remaining hotspots. This activity is part of the:
A) Size-up phase
B) Initial attack phase
C) Rescue phase
D) Overhaul phase
  • 31. Which fire class involves combustible solids like wood, cloth, and paper?
A) Class D
B) Class B
C) Class C
D) Class A
  • 32. What is the most appropriate extinguishing method for Class A fires?
A) Cooling with water
B) Using CO₂
C) Smothering with foam
D) Using dry powder
  • 33. Which fire class involves flammable liquids such as gasoline, oil, or paint?
A) Class C
B) Class D
C) Class B
D) Class K
  • 34. Which extinguishing agent is recommended for electrical (Class C) fires?
A) Wet chemical agent
B) Sand
C) Water extinguisher
D) CO₂ or dry chemical powder
  • 35. Which method of extinguishing fire works by removing oxygen from the fire triangle?
A) Smothering
B) Cooling
C) Radiation
D) Starvation
  • 36. Which of the following is the BEST example of fire prevention?
A) Removing burning materials
B) Closing doors to slow fire spread
C) Using foam to stop fire growth
D) Performing regular maintenance on electrical systems
  • 37. What is the FIRST phase of firefighting?
A) Suppression
B) Salvage
C) Overhaul
D) Size-up
  • 38. During which phase of firefighting do firefighters primarily work to extinguish the fire and stop its spread?
A) Overhaul
B) Suppression
C) Salvage
D) Control
  • 39. The phase in which firefighters search for hidden embers and prevent rekindling is called:
A) Control
B) Overhaul
C) Salvage
D) Size-up
  • 40. Which action is part of fire control rather than fire prevention?
A) Educating the public about fire hazards
B) Installing smoke detectors
C) Confine the fire to its area of origin
D) Properly storing flammable liquids
  • 41. Which of the following is an example of active fire protection?
A) Fire sprinkler system
B) Fire-resistant walls
C) Fire-stopping materials
D) Fire doors
  • 42. Which device detects smoke particles in the air using a light beam?
A) Photoelectric smoke detector
B) Ionization detector
C) Heat detector
D) CO detector
  • 43. Which of the following is considered passive fire protection?
A) Fire extinguishers
B) Fire-rated walls and ceilings
C) Automatic sprinklers
D) Fire alarm systems
  • 44. What type of detector activates when the temperature reaches a set level?
A) Smoke detector
B) Carbon monoxide detector
C) Flame detector
D) Heat detector
  • 45. Which fire suppression system uses water as its primary extinguishing agent?
A) Dry chemical system
B) FM-200 system
C) CO₂ system
D) Water sprinkler system
  • 46. Which component alerts building occupants during a fire emergency?
A) Control panel
B) Manual pull station
C) Alarm sounder or bell
D) Heat detector
  • 47. The main function of a flame detector is to detect:
A) Smoke particles
B) Carbon monoxide levels
C) Visible or infrared light from flames
D) Rising temperature
  • 48. Which system must be manually activated by a person?
A) Automatic sprinkler
B) Manual pull station
C) Fire pump
D) Smoke detector
  • 49. Fire doors are classified as what type of fire protection?
A) Detection system
B) Special protection
C) Active
D) Passive
  • 50. Which fire suppression agent is best for protecting sensitive electronic equipment?
A) FM-200
B) CO₂
C) Sand
D) Water
  • 51. Which device sends signals to the fire alarm control panel once smoke or heat is detected?
A) Fire vent
B) Sprinkler head
C) Automatic detector
D) Fire hose reel
  • 52. A fire alarm control panel is considered:
A) System control center
B) Detection equipment
C) Notification appliance
D) Passive fire component
  • 53. Which of the following is not an active fire protection system?
A) Fire-resistant flooring
B) Fire alarm
C) Smoke detector
D) Fire hose reel
  • 54. Which type of suppression system releases fine mist to cool and smother the fire?
A) Water mist system
B) CO₂ system
C) Dry chemical system
D) Wet pipe sprinkler
  • 55. The purpose of passive fire protection is to:
A) Notify building occupants
B) Detect fire early
C) Suppress fire automatically
D) Contain fire and prevent spread
  • 56. Which system activates only after a sprinkler head’s glass bulb bursts?
A) CO₂ flooding system
B) Deluge system
C) Dry pipe system
D) Wet pipe sprinkler system
  • 57. What component is used to manually signal a fire emergency?
A) Fire extinguisher bracket
B) Fire damper
C) Smoke barrier
D) Manual call point
  • 58. Fire dampers installed in air ducts are an example of:
A) Active fire detection
B) Active suppression
C) Alarm notification
D) Passive fire protection
  • 59. A device that sounds an alarm when smoke levels exceed a threshold is a:
A) Ventilation damper
B) Fire hose
C) Fire hydrant
D) Smoke detector
  • 60. Which equipment actively releases an extinguishing agent to control fire?
A) Fire sprinkler
B) Fire-resistant walls
C) Fire-rated doors
D) Fire partitions
  • 61. Which law governs the penal provisions for arson that replaced Article 320 of the Revised Penal Code?
A) RA 9262
B) PD 1613
C) PD 1602
D) RA 9851
  • 62. Under PD 1613, which is considered simple arson?
A) Burning a warehouse used as storage for goods
B) Burning a government office
C) Burning a school building
D) Burning an inhabited house
  • 63. Which of the following constitutes destructive arson under PD 1613?
A) Burning a pile of garbage
B) Burning an uninhabited hut
C) Burning a public building or government-owned structure
D) Burning one’s own belongings inside a private room
  • 64. What is the essential element of arson under PD 1613?
A) The property is damaged due to negligence
B) Burning occurred due to natural causes
C) Intentional and malicious burning of property
D) The fire was caused by accident
  • 65. Under PD 1613, which of the following acts does NOT constitute arson?
A) Deliberately burning crops belonging to another
B) Burning a neighbor’s vehicle out of revenge
C) Setting fire to a building used for business
D) Burning grass in an empty lot accidentally
  • 66. What is the penalty for destructive arson under PD 1613?
A) Reclusion perpetua to death
B) Reclusion temporal
C) Fine only
D) Arresto mayor
  • 67. Which scenario qualifies as arson “committed by means of explosion” under PD 1613?
A) Fire spreads naturally due to strong wind
B) A person accidentally drops gasoline near a flame
C) A fire starts because of faulty electrical wiring
D) A person uses a bomb to set a building on fire
  • 68. Under PD 1613, burning a building that is inhabited or used as a dwelling is classified as:
A) Destructive arson
B) Simple arson
C) Negligent arson
D) Accidental burning
  • 69. Which act constitutes attempted arson under PD 1613?
A) The suspect reports a fake fire
B) The suspect lights a match and places it on property but fire fails to spread
C) The suspect successfully burns a house
D) The suspect prepares gasoline but takes no action
  • 70. Under PD 1613, which is a qualifying circumstance that increases criminal liability for arson?
A) Fire caused by lightning
B) Arson committed to conceal another crime
C) Arson committed accidentally
D) Arson committed on an empty field
  • 71. A man intentionally burns his own warehouse to collect insurance. The fire spreads and destroys his neighbor’s store. What crime is he liable for under PD 1613?
A) Destructive arson
B) Arson with intent to defraud
C) Simple arson
D) No crime, since it was his own property
  • 72. A tenant sets fire to the apartment unit he is renting due to anger at the landlord. The apartment contains multiple dwellers. What type of arson applies?
A) Destructive arson
B) Accidental arson
C) Attempted arson
D) Simple arson
  • 73. A farmer burns his own rice field intentionally. The act is contained to his property only. What crime, if any, did he commit?
A) No arson
B) Destructive arson
C) Malicious mischief
D) Simple arson
  • 74. A person pours gasoline on a neighbor’s car and lights it on fire. The car is parked in an open garage attached to the house. What is the most appropriate classification?
A) Malicious burning
B) Simple arson
C) Attempted arson
D) Destructive arson
  • 75. A suspect lights a cloth soaked in gasoline and places it inside a store at night, but the fire dies out before spreading. What crime is committed?
A) Simple arson
B) Destructive arson
C) Attempted arson
D) No crime
  • 76. A student accidentally knocks over a candle that burns part of a classroom wall. What crime applies under PD 1613?
A) Simple arson
B) Accidental fire (no arson)
C) Destructive arson
D) Reckless imprudence resulting in damage
  • 77. A man burns a public market stall to destroy evidence after stealing valuables. Which qualifies this act under PD 1613?
A) Destructive arson
B) Arson with a qualifying circumstance
C) Simple arson
D) Accidental burning
  • 78. A factory owner purposely sets fire to a storage building containing toxic chemicals, causing danger to nearby residents. How is this classified?
A) Destructive arson
B) Attempted arson
C) Simple arson
D) Malicious mischief
  • 79. A child throws a lit match inside an uninhabited abandoned house as a prank, causing it to burn down. What is the legal implication?
A) No arson since the building is abandoned
B) Simple arson because the structure is not inhabited
C) Attempted arson
D) Destructive arson
  • 80. A person sets fire to a church using gasoline. No one is inside, but the building is severely damaged. How is this evaluated under PD 1613?
A) Accidental arson
B) Attempted arson
C) Simple arson
D) Destructive arson
  • 81. When arriving at a fire scene, what is the first step in evaluating it?
A) Interview witnesses before observing the scene
B) Remove debris to access the fire origin
C) Conduct a systematic scene survey
D) Start extinguishing the fire immediately
  • 82. A char pattern on a wooden floor forms a V-shape pointing toward a wall. What does this indicate?
A) Fire was caused by electrical fault
B) Fire moved randomly
C) Fire originated near the wall
D) Fire started on the ceiling
  • 83. Deep charring on the floor and furniture in one room suggests what about the fire?
A) The fire was electrical
B) The fire started elsewhere
C) The fire burned slowly
D) That room is likely the point of origin
  • 84. Which type of evidence is MOST important for determining the cause of a fire?
A) Witness statements only
B) Burn patterns
C) Newspaper articles
D) Firefighter reports only
  • 85. A room shows heavy charring near an outlet. What is the likely cause of fire?
A) Arson
B) Electrical malfunction
C) Cooking accident
D) Lightning strike
  • 86. If multiple small V-shaped patterns are found pointing toward one spot on the floor, this usually indicates:
A) Fire was accidental
B) Fire moved randomly
C) Fire started from a single point
D) Fire started from multiple points (possible arson)
  • 87. Heavy smoke staining on walls near the ceiling helps investigators determine:
A) The time the fire started
B) The spread and direction of fire
C) The exact cause of the fire
D) Who caused the fire
  • 88. Alligatoring of wood surfaces (cracks in char resembling alligator skin) indicates:
A) The intensity and duration of burning
B) Fire was caused by chemicals
C) Fire started recently
D) Water was applied early
  • 89. Which observation suggests the fire may have been intentionally set?
A) Fire confined to kitchen appliances
B) Multiple points of origin
C) Single area of deep charring
D) Uniform burn throughout the room
  • 90. Burn patterns that show “inverted cones” or holes in the ceiling usually indicate:
A) Fire was electrical
B) Fire involved accelerants
C) Fire started on the floor
D) Fire burned slowly
  • 91. At a fire scene, investigators notice that a single room is almost completely charred while adjacent rooms are lightly damaged. What does this suggest?
A) The heavily charred room is likely the point of origin
B) The fire started on the roof
C) The fire originated in the adjacent rooms
D) The fire was accidental
  • 92. A V-shaped burn pattern on a wooden wall points toward a corner. What can be inferred?
A) Fire moved away from the corner
B) Fire was caused by natural causes
C) Fire originated on the ceiling
D) Fire likely originated at that corner
  • 93. Investigators find multiple deep charring points in different areas of a room. What conclusion is most reasonable?
A) Fire started accidentally from one source
B) Fire was caused by faulty ventilation
C) Fire was caused by lightning
D) Fire may have been intentionally set (possible arson)
  • 94. Heavy smoke staining is observed on the upper walls and ceiling. What information does this provide?
A) The fire started at ceiling level
B) The fire was intentionally set
C) The fire was caused by an electrical fault
D) The fire started low and spread upwards
  • 95. Alligatoring of wooden surfaces is present in the room. What does this indicate?
A) Fire was intense and lasted a significant duration
B) Fire involved water accelerants
C) Fire was brief and low intensity
D) Fire was accidental
  • 96. A kitchen shows charring confined only to the stove area with minimal damage elsewhere. What is the most likely cause?
A) Electrical fire
B) Arson
C) Cooking accident
D) Lightning strike
  • 97. Inverted cone burn patterns are observed on the floor and walls. What does this suggest about the fire?
A) Accelerants were likely used
B) Fire started in the ceiling
C) Fire was caused by electrical short circuit
D) Fire was caused by a natural source
  • 98. Investigators note a burn pattern that moves from a lower corner to the ceiling in a distinct path. What can be inferred?
A) Fire started at the lower corner and spread upward
B) Fire originated on the ceiling
C) Fire was intentionally started on the roof
D) Fire was accidental
  • 99. A garage has several burn patterns concentrated near stored gasoline cans. What is the likely cause of fire?
A) Spontaneous combustion
B) Lightning strike
C) Electrical malfunction
D) Fire ignited using accelerants
  • 100. Multiple rooms show similar V-shaped burn patterns pointing toward a central point. What does this suggest about the fire scene?
A) Fire spread from the ceiling
B) Fire was accidental
C) Central point may indicate multiple ignition sources (possible arson)
D) Fire started outside the building
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