CDI-5
  • 1. The Fire Triangle illustrates that fire cannot exist without all three elements. Which combination correctly represents the Fire Triangle?
A) Heat, Smoke, Flame
B) Oxygen, Flame, Ignition
C) Fuel, Oxygen, Chemical Chain Reaction
D) Fuel, Oxygen, Heat
  • 2. The Fire Tetrahedron adds one more element to the Fire Triangle. What does this additional element represent?
A) Heat radiation
B) Chemical chain reaction
C) Smoke production
D) Fuel expansion
  • 3. Which of the following BEST describes “products of combustion”?
A) Materials used to ignite fire
B) Substances produced as a result of burning
C) Materials that resist burning
D) Chemicals used to extinguish fire
  • 4. Smoke, heat, and toxic gases released during burning are examples of:
A) Thermal energy
B) Fire extinguishing agents
C) Fire hazards
D) Combustion by-products
  • 5. Friction, electricity, and chemical reaction are examples of what?
A) Forms of oxygen
B) Products of fire spread
C) Flame types
D) Sources of heat energy
  • 6. Which source of heat energy occurs when two objects rub together and produce heat?
A) Chemical heat
B) Electrical heat
C) Solar heat
D) Mechanical heat
  • 7. Heat transfer by direct physical contact between molecules is known as:
A) Convection
B) Conduction
C) Radiation
D) Expansion
  • 8. Which method of heat transfer is responsible for the upward movement of hot gases and smoke during a fire?
A) Convection
B) Radiation
C) Conduction
D) Reflection
  • 9. During which stage of fire development does the fire rapidly grow and heat build up, eventually leading to possible flashover?
A) Decay stage
B) Fully developed stage
C) Incipient stage
D) Growth stage
  • 10. The final stage of fire development, characterized by a drop in fuel or oxygen and reduced flame activity, is the:
A) Growth stage
B) Decay stage
C) Ignition stage
D) Fully developed stage
  • 11. A kitchen fire starts when oil on a pan overheats and ignites. Which element of the Fire Triangle was the FIRST to increase, causing the ignition?
A) Heat
B) Oxygen
C) Chemical chain reaction
D) Fuel
  • 12. A firefighter removes burning materials from a room to stop the fire from spreading. Which part of the Fire Triangle is being eliminated?
A) Fuel
B) Oxygen
C) Chemical chain reaction
D) Heat
  • 13. When a chemical fire continues to burn even after removing heat and fuel, which element of the Fire Tetrahedron is sustaining the fire?
A) Water vapor
B) Carbon dioxide
C) Oxygen
D) Chemical chain reaction
  • 14. firefighter enters a smoke-filled room and notices reduced visibility and strong toxic fumes. Which product of combustion is causing the MOST danger in this scenario?
A) Toxic gases
B) Steam
C) Light
D) Heat
  • 15. A wooden building ignites due to a lightning strike during a storm. Which source of heat energy triggered the fire?
A) Chemical heat
B) Solar heat
C) Mechanical heat
D) Electrical heat
  • 16. A steel beam heats up because it is directly touching a burning wooden wall. Which method of heat transfer is responsible?
A) Conduction
B) Reflection
C) Radiation
D) Convection
  • 17. Thick, black smoke rapidly fills the upper portion of a room and begins to push downward as temperature rises. Which method of heat transfer explains this movement?
A) Conduction
B) Refractive heating
C) Convection
D) Radiation
  • 18. A fire investigator concludes that sunlight passing through a broken glass window concentrated heat onto a rug, causing ignition. Which heat source is being applied here?
A) Chemical
B) Solar
C) Electrical
D) Mechanical
  • 19. A fire suddenly engulfs an entire room after heat builds up and gases reach ignition temperature. Which stage of fire development is demonstrated?
A) Incipient
B) Fully developed
C) Flashover leading to fully developed stage
D) Growth
  • 20. After firefighters knock down most of the flames, the fire weakens because combustible materials are consumed. Which stage of fire development is the fire entering?
A) Growth stage
B) Incipient stage
C) Fully developed stage
D) Decay stage
  • 21. A Class A fire involves which type of material?
A) Ordinary combustibles like wood and cloth
B) Flammable liquids
C) Electrical equipment
D) Combustible metals
  • 22. A fire involving gasoline and oil is classified as:
A) Class C
B) Class D
C) Class A
D) Class B
  • 23. What type of fire extinguisher is MOST appropriate for an electrical fire?
A) Wet chemical extinguisher
B) Foam extinguisher
C) CO₂ or dry chemical extinguisher
D) Water extinguisher
  • 24. Which fire extinguishing method works by lowering the temperature below ignition point?
A) Smothering
B) Cooling
C) Starvation
D) Inhibiting chemical chain reaction
  • 25. Removing combustible materials from a burning area is an example of which extinguishing method?
A) Starvation
B) Cooling
C) Smothering
D) Chemical inhibition
  • 26. The BEST method to extinguish a Class K (kitchen) fire caused by hot cooking oil is:
A) Smother with a lid or use wet chemical extinguisher
B) Lower the room temperature
C) Use a CO₂ extinguisher
D) Pour water directly
  • 27. Fire prevention primarily focuses on:
A) Suppressing flames as quickly as possible
B) Investigating causes of existing fires
C) Responding to fires that have already started
D) Educating the public and eliminating hazards before ignition
  • 28. Fire suppression refers to:
A) Investigating the fire’s cause
B) Controlling and extinguishing active fires
C) Stopping fires from starting
D) Training firefighters
  • 29. Which phase of firefighting includes exposure protection and preventing the fire from spreading?
A) Rescue phase
B) Overhaul phase
C) Mop-up phase
D) Confinement phase
  • 30. After the main fire is extinguished, firefighters check for hidden embers and remaining hotspots. This activity is part of the:
A) Initial attack phase
B) Size-up phase
C) Overhaul phase
D) Rescue phase
  • 31. Which fire class involves combustible solids like wood, cloth, and paper?
A) Class B
B) Class A
C) Class C
D) Class D
  • 32. What is the most appropriate extinguishing method for Class A fires?
A) Using CO₂
B) Using dry powder
C) Smothering with foam
D) Cooling with water
  • 33. Which fire class involves flammable liquids such as gasoline, oil, or paint?
A) Class C
B) Class D
C) Class B
D) Class K
  • 34. Which extinguishing agent is recommended for electrical (Class C) fires?
A) Water extinguisher
B) CO₂ or dry chemical powder
C) Sand
D) Wet chemical agent
  • 35. Which method of extinguishing fire works by removing oxygen from the fire triangle?
A) Smothering
B) Cooling
C) Radiation
D) Starvation
  • 36. Which of the following is the BEST example of fire prevention?
A) Using foam to stop fire growth
B) Closing doors to slow fire spread
C) Removing burning materials
D) Performing regular maintenance on electrical systems
  • 37. What is the FIRST phase of firefighting?
A) Salvage
B) Suppression
C) Size-up
D) Overhaul
  • 38. During which phase of firefighting do firefighters primarily work to extinguish the fire and stop its spread?
A) Salvage
B) Overhaul
C) Suppression
D) Control
  • 39. The phase in which firefighters search for hidden embers and prevent rekindling is called:
A) Overhaul
B) Size-up
C) Salvage
D) Control
  • 40. Which action is part of fire control rather than fire prevention?
A) Educating the public about fire hazards
B) Properly storing flammable liquids
C) Installing smoke detectors
D) Confine the fire to its area of origin
  • 41. Which of the following is an example of active fire protection?
A) Fire doors
B) Fire sprinkler system
C) Fire-resistant walls
D) Fire-stopping materials
  • 42. Which device detects smoke particles in the air using a light beam?
A) Heat detector
B) Photoelectric smoke detector
C) CO detector
D) Ionization detector
  • 43. Which of the following is considered passive fire protection?
A) Automatic sprinklers
B) Fire extinguishers
C) Fire-rated walls and ceilings
D) Fire alarm systems
  • 44. What type of detector activates when the temperature reaches a set level?
A) Flame detector
B) Smoke detector
C) Carbon monoxide detector
D) Heat detector
  • 45. Which fire suppression system uses water as its primary extinguishing agent?
A) Dry chemical system
B) FM-200 system
C) CO₂ system
D) Water sprinkler system
  • 46. Which component alerts building occupants during a fire emergency?
A) Heat detector
B) Manual pull station
C) Control panel
D) Alarm sounder or bell
  • 47. The main function of a flame detector is to detect:
A) Carbon monoxide levels
B) Visible or infrared light from flames
C) Smoke particles
D) Rising temperature
  • 48. Which system must be manually activated by a person?
A) Manual pull station
B) Automatic sprinkler
C) Smoke detector
D) Fire pump
  • 49. Fire doors are classified as what type of fire protection?
A) Passive
B) Detection system
C) Special protection
D) Active
  • 50. Which fire suppression agent is best for protecting sensitive electronic equipment?
A) FM-200
B) CO₂
C) Water
D) Sand
  • 51. Which device sends signals to the fire alarm control panel once smoke or heat is detected?
A) Sprinkler head
B) Fire hose reel
C) Automatic detector
D) Fire vent
  • 52. A fire alarm control panel is considered:
A) System control center
B) Notification appliance
C) Detection equipment
D) Passive fire component
  • 53. Which of the following is not an active fire protection system?
A) Fire alarm
B) Fire hose reel
C) Smoke detector
D) Fire-resistant flooring
  • 54. Which type of suppression system releases fine mist to cool and smother the fire?
A) Water mist system
B) CO₂ system
C) Wet pipe sprinkler
D) Dry chemical system
  • 55. The purpose of passive fire protection is to:
A) Contain fire and prevent spread
B) Detect fire early
C) Suppress fire automatically
D) Notify building occupants
  • 56. Which system activates only after a sprinkler head’s glass bulb bursts?
A) Dry pipe system
B) CO₂ flooding system
C) Deluge system
D) Wet pipe sprinkler system
  • 57. What component is used to manually signal a fire emergency?
A) Fire extinguisher bracket
B) Smoke barrier
C) Fire damper
D) Manual call point
  • 58. Fire dampers installed in air ducts are an example of:
A) Active fire detection
B) Passive fire protection
C) Alarm notification
D) Active suppression
  • 59. A device that sounds an alarm when smoke levels exceed a threshold is a:
A) Smoke detector
B) Fire hose
C) Ventilation damper
D) Fire hydrant
  • 60. Which equipment actively releases an extinguishing agent to control fire?
A) Fire-rated doors
B) Fire-resistant walls
C) Fire partitions
D) Fire sprinkler
  • 61. Which law governs the penal provisions for arson that replaced Article 320 of the Revised Penal Code?
A) RA 9851
B) RA 9262
C) PD 1613
D) PD 1602
  • 62. Under PD 1613, which is considered simple arson?
A) Burning a warehouse used as storage for goods
B) Burning a school building
C) Burning an inhabited house
D) Burning a government office
  • 63. Which of the following constitutes destructive arson under PD 1613?
A) Burning an uninhabited hut
B) Burning one’s own belongings inside a private room
C) Burning a pile of garbage
D) Burning a public building or government-owned structure
  • 64. What is the essential element of arson under PD 1613?
A) The fire was caused by accident
B) The property is damaged due to negligence
C) Burning occurred due to natural causes
D) Intentional and malicious burning of property
  • 65. Under PD 1613, which of the following acts does NOT constitute arson?
A) Deliberately burning crops belonging to another
B) Setting fire to a building used for business
C) Burning a neighbor’s vehicle out of revenge
D) Burning grass in an empty lot accidentally
  • 66. What is the penalty for destructive arson under PD 1613?
A) Fine only
B) Arresto mayor
C) Reclusion perpetua to death
D) Reclusion temporal
  • 67. Which scenario qualifies as arson “committed by means of explosion” under PD 1613?
A) Fire spreads naturally due to strong wind
B) A person uses a bomb to set a building on fire
C) A fire starts because of faulty electrical wiring
D) A person accidentally drops gasoline near a flame
  • 68. Under PD 1613, burning a building that is inhabited or used as a dwelling is classified as:
A) Negligent arson
B) Destructive arson
C) Simple arson
D) Accidental burning
  • 69. Which act constitutes attempted arson under PD 1613?
A) The suspect prepares gasoline but takes no action
B) The suspect successfully burns a house
C) The suspect lights a match and places it on property but fire fails to spread
D) The suspect reports a fake fire
  • 70. Under PD 1613, which is a qualifying circumstance that increases criminal liability for arson?
A) Arson committed accidentally
B) Arson committed on an empty field
C) Arson committed to conceal another crime
D) Fire caused by lightning
  • 71. A man intentionally burns his own warehouse to collect insurance. The fire spreads and destroys his neighbor’s store. What crime is he liable for under PD 1613?
A) Simple arson
B) Arson with intent to defraud
C) No crime, since it was his own property
D) Destructive arson
  • 72. A tenant sets fire to the apartment unit he is renting due to anger at the landlord. The apartment contains multiple dwellers. What type of arson applies?
A) Attempted arson
B) Destructive arson
C) Simple arson
D) Accidental arson
  • 73. A farmer burns his own rice field intentionally. The act is contained to his property only. What crime, if any, did he commit?
A) No arson
B) Malicious mischief
C) Simple arson
D) Destructive arson
  • 74. A person pours gasoline on a neighbor’s car and lights it on fire. The car is parked in an open garage attached to the house. What is the most appropriate classification?
A) Simple arson
B) Destructive arson
C) Malicious burning
D) Attempted arson
  • 75. A suspect lights a cloth soaked in gasoline and places it inside a store at night, but the fire dies out before spreading. What crime is committed?
A) Simple arson
B) Destructive arson
C) No crime
D) Attempted arson
  • 76. A student accidentally knocks over a candle that burns part of a classroom wall. What crime applies under PD 1613?
A) Accidental fire (no arson)
B) Reckless imprudence resulting in damage
C) Destructive arson
D) Simple arson
  • 77. A man burns a public market stall to destroy evidence after stealing valuables. Which qualifies this act under PD 1613?
A) Arson with a qualifying circumstance
B) Accidental burning
C) Destructive arson
D) Simple arson
  • 78. A factory owner purposely sets fire to a storage building containing toxic chemicals, causing danger to nearby residents. How is this classified?
A) Malicious mischief
B) Destructive arson
C) Simple arson
D) Attempted arson
  • 79. A child throws a lit match inside an uninhabited abandoned house as a prank, causing it to burn down. What is the legal implication?
A) Simple arson because the structure is not inhabited
B) No arson since the building is abandoned
C) Destructive arson
D) Attempted arson
  • 80. A person sets fire to a church using gasoline. No one is inside, but the building is severely damaged. How is this evaluated under PD 1613?
A) Attempted arson
B) Simple arson
C) Accidental arson
D) Destructive arson
  • 81. When arriving at a fire scene, what is the first step in evaluating it?
A) Remove debris to access the fire origin
B) Interview witnesses before observing the scene
C) Start extinguishing the fire immediately
D) Conduct a systematic scene survey
  • 82. A char pattern on a wooden floor forms a V-shape pointing toward a wall. What does this indicate?
A) Fire originated near the wall
B) Fire was caused by electrical fault
C) Fire moved randomly
D) Fire started on the ceiling
  • 83. Deep charring on the floor and furniture in one room suggests what about the fire?
A) That room is likely the point of origin
B) The fire started elsewhere
C) The fire was electrical
D) The fire burned slowly
  • 84. Which type of evidence is MOST important for determining the cause of a fire?
A) Witness statements only
B) Newspaper articles
C) Firefighter reports only
D) Burn patterns
  • 85. A room shows heavy charring near an outlet. What is the likely cause of fire?
A) Electrical malfunction
B) Arson
C) Cooking accident
D) Lightning strike
  • 86. If multiple small V-shaped patterns are found pointing toward one spot on the floor, this usually indicates:
A) Fire was accidental
B) Fire started from multiple points (possible arson)
C) Fire moved randomly
D) Fire started from a single point
  • 87. Heavy smoke staining on walls near the ceiling helps investigators determine:
A) The exact cause of the fire
B) The spread and direction of fire
C) Who caused the fire
D) The time the fire started
  • 88. Alligatoring of wood surfaces (cracks in char resembling alligator skin) indicates:
A) Fire started recently
B) Fire was caused by chemicals
C) Water was applied early
D) The intensity and duration of burning
  • 89. Which observation suggests the fire may have been intentionally set?
A) Single area of deep charring
B) Fire confined to kitchen appliances
C) Uniform burn throughout the room
D) Multiple points of origin
  • 90. Burn patterns that show “inverted cones” or holes in the ceiling usually indicate:
A) Fire was electrical
B) Fire started on the floor
C) Fire burned slowly
D) Fire involved accelerants
  • 91. At a fire scene, investigators notice that a single room is almost completely charred while adjacent rooms are lightly damaged. What does this suggest?
A) The heavily charred room is likely the point of origin
B) The fire was accidental
C) The fire originated in the adjacent rooms
D) The fire started on the roof
  • 92. A V-shaped burn pattern on a wooden wall points toward a corner. What can be inferred?
A) Fire originated on the ceiling
B) Fire moved away from the corner
C) Fire was caused by natural causes
D) Fire likely originated at that corner
  • 93. Investigators find multiple deep charring points in different areas of a room. What conclusion is most reasonable?
A) Fire was caused by lightning
B) Fire started accidentally from one source
C) Fire was caused by faulty ventilation
D) Fire may have been intentionally set (possible arson)
  • 94. Heavy smoke staining is observed on the upper walls and ceiling. What information does this provide?
A) The fire started at ceiling level
B) The fire started low and spread upwards
C) The fire was intentionally set
D) The fire was caused by an electrical fault
  • 95. Alligatoring of wooden surfaces is present in the room. What does this indicate?
A) Fire was intense and lasted a significant duration
B) Fire involved water accelerants
C) Fire was accidental
D) Fire was brief and low intensity
  • 96. A kitchen shows charring confined only to the stove area with minimal damage elsewhere. What is the most likely cause?
A) Electrical fire
B) Arson
C) Cooking accident
D) Lightning strike
  • 97. Inverted cone burn patterns are observed on the floor and walls. What does this suggest about the fire?
A) Fire was caused by electrical short circuit
B) Fire was caused by a natural source
C) Fire started in the ceiling
D) Accelerants were likely used
  • 98. Investigators note a burn pattern that moves from a lower corner to the ceiling in a distinct path. What can be inferred?
A) Fire was intentionally started on the roof
B) Fire was accidental
C) Fire originated on the ceiling
D) Fire started at the lower corner and spread upward
  • 99. A garage has several burn patterns concentrated near stored gasoline cans. What is the likely cause of fire?
A) Spontaneous combustion
B) Fire ignited using accelerants
C) Lightning strike
D) Electrical malfunction
  • 100. Multiple rooms show similar V-shaped burn patterns pointing toward a central point. What does this suggest about the fire scene?
A) Fire started outside the building
B) Fire was accidental
C) Central point may indicate multiple ignition sources (possible arson)
D) Fire spread from the ceiling
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