CDI-5
  • 1. The Fire Triangle illustrates that fire cannot exist without all three elements. Which combination correctly represents the Fire Triangle?
A) Oxygen, Flame, Ignition
B) Heat, Smoke, Flame
C) Fuel, Oxygen, Chemical Chain Reaction
D) Fuel, Oxygen, Heat
  • 2. The Fire Tetrahedron adds one more element to the Fire Triangle. What does this additional element represent?
A) Fuel expansion
B) Chemical chain reaction
C) Smoke production
D) Heat radiation
  • 3. Which of the following BEST describes “products of combustion”?
A) Substances produced as a result of burning
B) Chemicals used to extinguish fire
C) Materials that resist burning
D) Materials used to ignite fire
  • 4. Smoke, heat, and toxic gases released during burning are examples of:
A) Thermal energy
B) Fire hazards
C) Fire extinguishing agents
D) Combustion by-products
  • 5. Friction, electricity, and chemical reaction are examples of what?
A) Flame types
B) Sources of heat energy
C) Forms of oxygen
D) Products of fire spread
  • 6. Which source of heat energy occurs when two objects rub together and produce heat?
A) Chemical heat
B) Solar heat
C) Electrical heat
D) Mechanical heat
  • 7. Heat transfer by direct physical contact between molecules is known as:
A) Radiation
B) Expansion
C) Convection
D) Conduction
  • 8. Which method of heat transfer is responsible for the upward movement of hot gases and smoke during a fire?
A) Radiation
B) Convection
C) Reflection
D) Conduction
  • 9. During which stage of fire development does the fire rapidly grow and heat build up, eventually leading to possible flashover?
A) Fully developed stage
B) Decay stage
C) Incipient stage
D) Growth stage
  • 10. The final stage of fire development, characterized by a drop in fuel or oxygen and reduced flame activity, is the:
A) Growth stage
B) Decay stage
C) Fully developed stage
D) Ignition stage
  • 11. A kitchen fire starts when oil on a pan overheats and ignites. Which element of the Fire Triangle was the FIRST to increase, causing the ignition?
A) Chemical chain reaction
B) Heat
C) Fuel
D) Oxygen
  • 12. A firefighter removes burning materials from a room to stop the fire from spreading. Which part of the Fire Triangle is being eliminated?
A) Fuel
B) Heat
C) Oxygen
D) Chemical chain reaction
  • 13. When a chemical fire continues to burn even after removing heat and fuel, which element of the Fire Tetrahedron is sustaining the fire?
A) Water vapor
B) Carbon dioxide
C) Chemical chain reaction
D) Oxygen
  • 14. firefighter enters a smoke-filled room and notices reduced visibility and strong toxic fumes. Which product of combustion is causing the MOST danger in this scenario?
A) Steam
B) Heat
C) Toxic gases
D) Light
  • 15. A wooden building ignites due to a lightning strike during a storm. Which source of heat energy triggered the fire?
A) Solar heat
B) Chemical heat
C) Electrical heat
D) Mechanical heat
  • 16. A steel beam heats up because it is directly touching a burning wooden wall. Which method of heat transfer is responsible?
A) Reflection
B) Conduction
C) Convection
D) Radiation
  • 17. Thick, black smoke rapidly fills the upper portion of a room and begins to push downward as temperature rises. Which method of heat transfer explains this movement?
A) Convection
B) Conduction
C) Refractive heating
D) Radiation
  • 18. A fire investigator concludes that sunlight passing through a broken glass window concentrated heat onto a rug, causing ignition. Which heat source is being applied here?
A) Mechanical
B) Chemical
C) Electrical
D) Solar
  • 19. A fire suddenly engulfs an entire room after heat builds up and gases reach ignition temperature. Which stage of fire development is demonstrated?
A) Fully developed
B) Incipient
C) Growth
D) Flashover leading to fully developed stage
  • 20. After firefighters knock down most of the flames, the fire weakens because combustible materials are consumed. Which stage of fire development is the fire entering?
A) Fully developed stage
B) Growth stage
C) Decay stage
D) Incipient stage
  • 21. A Class A fire involves which type of material?
A) Flammable liquids
B) Ordinary combustibles like wood and cloth
C) Electrical equipment
D) Combustible metals
  • 22. A fire involving gasoline and oil is classified as:
A) Class C
B) Class A
C) Class B
D) Class D
  • 23. What type of fire extinguisher is MOST appropriate for an electrical fire?
A) Water extinguisher
B) Foam extinguisher
C) Wet chemical extinguisher
D) CO₂ or dry chemical extinguisher
  • 24. Which fire extinguishing method works by lowering the temperature below ignition point?
A) Starvation
B) Cooling
C) Inhibiting chemical chain reaction
D) Smothering
  • 25. Removing combustible materials from a burning area is an example of which extinguishing method?
A) Cooling
B) Smothering
C) Chemical inhibition
D) Starvation
  • 26. The BEST method to extinguish a Class K (kitchen) fire caused by hot cooking oil is:
A) Use a CO₂ extinguisher
B) Smother with a lid or use wet chemical extinguisher
C) Lower the room temperature
D) Pour water directly
  • 27. Fire prevention primarily focuses on:
A) Responding to fires that have already started
B) Suppressing flames as quickly as possible
C) Investigating causes of existing fires
D) Educating the public and eliminating hazards before ignition
  • 28. Fire suppression refers to:
A) Controlling and extinguishing active fires
B) Training firefighters
C) Investigating the fire’s cause
D) Stopping fires from starting
  • 29. Which phase of firefighting includes exposure protection and preventing the fire from spreading?
A) Mop-up phase
B) Rescue phase
C) Overhaul phase
D) Confinement phase
  • 30. After the main fire is extinguished, firefighters check for hidden embers and remaining hotspots. This activity is part of the:
A) Size-up phase
B) Initial attack phase
C) Overhaul phase
D) Rescue phase
  • 31. Which fire class involves combustible solids like wood, cloth, and paper?
A) Class B
B) Class C
C) Class A
D) Class D
  • 32. What is the most appropriate extinguishing method for Class A fires?
A) Using CO₂
B) Smothering with foam
C) Cooling with water
D) Using dry powder
  • 33. Which fire class involves flammable liquids such as gasoline, oil, or paint?
A) Class K
B) Class D
C) Class C
D) Class B
  • 34. Which extinguishing agent is recommended for electrical (Class C) fires?
A) CO₂ or dry chemical powder
B) Water extinguisher
C) Wet chemical agent
D) Sand
  • 35. Which method of extinguishing fire works by removing oxygen from the fire triangle?
A) Radiation
B) Cooling
C) Smothering
D) Starvation
  • 36. Which of the following is the BEST example of fire prevention?
A) Closing doors to slow fire spread
B) Removing burning materials
C) Using foam to stop fire growth
D) Performing regular maintenance on electrical systems
  • 37. What is the FIRST phase of firefighting?
A) Salvage
B) Suppression
C) Size-up
D) Overhaul
  • 38. During which phase of firefighting do firefighters primarily work to extinguish the fire and stop its spread?
A) Overhaul
B) Suppression
C) Salvage
D) Control
  • 39. The phase in which firefighters search for hidden embers and prevent rekindling is called:
A) Size-up
B) Overhaul
C) Control
D) Salvage
  • 40. Which action is part of fire control rather than fire prevention?
A) Educating the public about fire hazards
B) Properly storing flammable liquids
C) Confine the fire to its area of origin
D) Installing smoke detectors
  • 41. Which of the following is an example of active fire protection?
A) Fire doors
B) Fire sprinkler system
C) Fire-resistant walls
D) Fire-stopping materials
  • 42. Which device detects smoke particles in the air using a light beam?
A) Photoelectric smoke detector
B) Heat detector
C) CO detector
D) Ionization detector
  • 43. Which of the following is considered passive fire protection?
A) Fire extinguishers
B) Fire-rated walls and ceilings
C) Fire alarm systems
D) Automatic sprinklers
  • 44. What type of detector activates when the temperature reaches a set level?
A) Flame detector
B) Heat detector
C) Smoke detector
D) Carbon monoxide detector
  • 45. Which fire suppression system uses water as its primary extinguishing agent?
A) FM-200 system
B) CO₂ system
C) Dry chemical system
D) Water sprinkler system
  • 46. Which component alerts building occupants during a fire emergency?
A) Manual pull station
B) Alarm sounder or bell
C) Heat detector
D) Control panel
  • 47. The main function of a flame detector is to detect:
A) Smoke particles
B) Rising temperature
C) Carbon monoxide levels
D) Visible or infrared light from flames
  • 48. Which system must be manually activated by a person?
A) Automatic sprinkler
B) Smoke detector
C) Fire pump
D) Manual pull station
  • 49. Fire doors are classified as what type of fire protection?
A) Passive
B) Active
C) Detection system
D) Special protection
  • 50. Which fire suppression agent is best for protecting sensitive electronic equipment?
A) FM-200
B) CO₂
C) Sand
D) Water
  • 51. Which device sends signals to the fire alarm control panel once smoke or heat is detected?
A) Automatic detector
B) Fire hose reel
C) Sprinkler head
D) Fire vent
  • 52. A fire alarm control panel is considered:
A) Notification appliance
B) Detection equipment
C) Passive fire component
D) System control center
  • 53. Which of the following is not an active fire protection system?
A) Fire hose reel
B) Fire-resistant flooring
C) Fire alarm
D) Smoke detector
  • 54. Which type of suppression system releases fine mist to cool and smother the fire?
A) Wet pipe sprinkler
B) Dry chemical system
C) CO₂ system
D) Water mist system
  • 55. The purpose of passive fire protection is to:
A) Detect fire early
B) Suppress fire automatically
C) Notify building occupants
D) Contain fire and prevent spread
  • 56. Which system activates only after a sprinkler head’s glass bulb bursts?
A) Dry pipe system
B) CO₂ flooding system
C) Deluge system
D) Wet pipe sprinkler system
  • 57. What component is used to manually signal a fire emergency?
A) Smoke barrier
B) Fire damper
C) Fire extinguisher bracket
D) Manual call point
  • 58. Fire dampers installed in air ducts are an example of:
A) Active suppression
B) Alarm notification
C) Active fire detection
D) Passive fire protection
  • 59. A device that sounds an alarm when smoke levels exceed a threshold is a:
A) Fire hydrant
B) Ventilation damper
C) Smoke detector
D) Fire hose
  • 60. Which equipment actively releases an extinguishing agent to control fire?
A) Fire-resistant walls
B) Fire-rated doors
C) Fire partitions
D) Fire sprinkler
  • 61. Which law governs the penal provisions for arson that replaced Article 320 of the Revised Penal Code?
A) PD 1602
B) RA 9262
C) PD 1613
D) RA 9851
  • 62. Under PD 1613, which is considered simple arson?
A) Burning a school building
B) Burning a warehouse used as storage for goods
C) Burning an inhabited house
D) Burning a government office
  • 63. Which of the following constitutes destructive arson under PD 1613?
A) Burning one’s own belongings inside a private room
B) Burning a pile of garbage
C) Burning a public building or government-owned structure
D) Burning an uninhabited hut
  • 64. What is the essential element of arson under PD 1613?
A) Intentional and malicious burning of property
B) Burning occurred due to natural causes
C) The fire was caused by accident
D) The property is damaged due to negligence
  • 65. Under PD 1613, which of the following acts does NOT constitute arson?
A) Burning a neighbor’s vehicle out of revenge
B) Burning grass in an empty lot accidentally
C) Deliberately burning crops belonging to another
D) Setting fire to a building used for business
  • 66. What is the penalty for destructive arson under PD 1613?
A) Fine only
B) Arresto mayor
C) Reclusion perpetua to death
D) Reclusion temporal
  • 67. Which scenario qualifies as arson “committed by means of explosion” under PD 1613?
A) Fire spreads naturally due to strong wind
B) A person accidentally drops gasoline near a flame
C) A person uses a bomb to set a building on fire
D) A fire starts because of faulty electrical wiring
  • 68. Under PD 1613, burning a building that is inhabited or used as a dwelling is classified as:
A) Destructive arson
B) Simple arson
C) Accidental burning
D) Negligent arson
  • 69. Which act constitutes attempted arson under PD 1613?
A) The suspect lights a match and places it on property but fire fails to spread
B) The suspect reports a fake fire
C) The suspect successfully burns a house
D) The suspect prepares gasoline but takes no action
  • 70. Under PD 1613, which is a qualifying circumstance that increases criminal liability for arson?
A) Arson committed to conceal another crime
B) Arson committed on an empty field
C) Arson committed accidentally
D) Fire caused by lightning
  • 71. A man intentionally burns his own warehouse to collect insurance. The fire spreads and destroys his neighbor’s store. What crime is he liable for under PD 1613?
A) Simple arson
B) No crime, since it was his own property
C) Arson with intent to defraud
D) Destructive arson
  • 72. A tenant sets fire to the apartment unit he is renting due to anger at the landlord. The apartment contains multiple dwellers. What type of arson applies?
A) Destructive arson
B) Accidental arson
C) Attempted arson
D) Simple arson
  • 73. A farmer burns his own rice field intentionally. The act is contained to his property only. What crime, if any, did he commit?
A) Malicious mischief
B) Destructive arson
C) Simple arson
D) No arson
  • 74. A person pours gasoline on a neighbor’s car and lights it on fire. The car is parked in an open garage attached to the house. What is the most appropriate classification?
A) Destructive arson
B) Attempted arson
C) Simple arson
D) Malicious burning
  • 75. A suspect lights a cloth soaked in gasoline and places it inside a store at night, but the fire dies out before spreading. What crime is committed?
A) No crime
B) Destructive arson
C) Simple arson
D) Attempted arson
  • 76. A student accidentally knocks over a candle that burns part of a classroom wall. What crime applies under PD 1613?
A) Accidental fire (no arson)
B) Destructive arson
C) Simple arson
D) Reckless imprudence resulting in damage
  • 77. A man burns a public market stall to destroy evidence after stealing valuables. Which qualifies this act under PD 1613?
A) Arson with a qualifying circumstance
B) Destructive arson
C) Accidental burning
D) Simple arson
  • 78. A factory owner purposely sets fire to a storage building containing toxic chemicals, causing danger to nearby residents. How is this classified?
A) Attempted arson
B) Destructive arson
C) Malicious mischief
D) Simple arson
  • 79. A child throws a lit match inside an uninhabited abandoned house as a prank, causing it to burn down. What is the legal implication?
A) No arson since the building is abandoned
B) Attempted arson
C) Destructive arson
D) Simple arson because the structure is not inhabited
  • 80. A person sets fire to a church using gasoline. No one is inside, but the building is severely damaged. How is this evaluated under PD 1613?
A) Destructive arson
B) Simple arson
C) Accidental arson
D) Attempted arson
  • 81. When arriving at a fire scene, what is the first step in evaluating it?
A) Conduct a systematic scene survey
B) Start extinguishing the fire immediately
C) Interview witnesses before observing the scene
D) Remove debris to access the fire origin
  • 82. A char pattern on a wooden floor forms a V-shape pointing toward a wall. What does this indicate?
A) Fire started on the ceiling
B) Fire moved randomly
C) Fire was caused by electrical fault
D) Fire originated near the wall
  • 83. Deep charring on the floor and furniture in one room suggests what about the fire?
A) The fire burned slowly
B) The fire was electrical
C) That room is likely the point of origin
D) The fire started elsewhere
  • 84. Which type of evidence is MOST important for determining the cause of a fire?
A) Burn patterns
B) Firefighter reports only
C) Witness statements only
D) Newspaper articles
  • 85. A room shows heavy charring near an outlet. What is the likely cause of fire?
A) Arson
B) Lightning strike
C) Cooking accident
D) Electrical malfunction
  • 86. If multiple small V-shaped patterns are found pointing toward one spot on the floor, this usually indicates:
A) Fire moved randomly
B) Fire started from a single point
C) Fire started from multiple points (possible arson)
D) Fire was accidental
  • 87. Heavy smoke staining on walls near the ceiling helps investigators determine:
A) The time the fire started
B) The exact cause of the fire
C) The spread and direction of fire
D) Who caused the fire
  • 88. Alligatoring of wood surfaces (cracks in char resembling alligator skin) indicates:
A) Fire was caused by chemicals
B) The intensity and duration of burning
C) Water was applied early
D) Fire started recently
  • 89. Which observation suggests the fire may have been intentionally set?
A) Single area of deep charring
B) Uniform burn throughout the room
C) Multiple points of origin
D) Fire confined to kitchen appliances
  • 90. Burn patterns that show “inverted cones” or holes in the ceiling usually indicate:
A) Fire burned slowly
B) Fire started on the floor
C) Fire involved accelerants
D) Fire was electrical
  • 91. At a fire scene, investigators notice that a single room is almost completely charred while adjacent rooms are lightly damaged. What does this suggest?
A) The heavily charred room is likely the point of origin
B) The fire started on the roof
C) The fire was accidental
D) The fire originated in the adjacent rooms
  • 92. A V-shaped burn pattern on a wooden wall points toward a corner. What can be inferred?
A) Fire was caused by natural causes
B) Fire likely originated at that corner
C) Fire moved away from the corner
D) Fire originated on the ceiling
  • 93. Investigators find multiple deep charring points in different areas of a room. What conclusion is most reasonable?
A) Fire was caused by faulty ventilation
B) Fire was caused by lightning
C) Fire may have been intentionally set (possible arson)
D) Fire started accidentally from one source
  • 94. Heavy smoke staining is observed on the upper walls and ceiling. What information does this provide?
A) The fire started at ceiling level
B) The fire started low and spread upwards
C) The fire was intentionally set
D) The fire was caused by an electrical fault
  • 95. Alligatoring of wooden surfaces is present in the room. What does this indicate?
A) Fire was intense and lasted a significant duration
B) Fire was brief and low intensity
C) Fire was accidental
D) Fire involved water accelerants
  • 96. A kitchen shows charring confined only to the stove area with minimal damage elsewhere. What is the most likely cause?
A) Cooking accident
B) Arson
C) Lightning strike
D) Electrical fire
  • 97. Inverted cone burn patterns are observed on the floor and walls. What does this suggest about the fire?
A) Fire was caused by a natural source
B) Fire was caused by electrical short circuit
C) Fire started in the ceiling
D) Accelerants were likely used
  • 98. Investigators note a burn pattern that moves from a lower corner to the ceiling in a distinct path. What can be inferred?
A) Fire started at the lower corner and spread upward
B) Fire was intentionally started on the roof
C) Fire was accidental
D) Fire originated on the ceiling
  • 99. A garage has several burn patterns concentrated near stored gasoline cans. What is the likely cause of fire?
A) Fire ignited using accelerants
B) Lightning strike
C) Spontaneous combustion
D) Electrical malfunction
  • 100. Multiple rooms show similar V-shaped burn patterns pointing toward a central point. What does this suggest about the fire scene?
A) Fire started outside the building
B) Fire was accidental
C) Fire spread from the ceiling
D) Central point may indicate multiple ignition sources (possible arson)
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