CDI-5
  • 1. The Fire Triangle illustrates that fire cannot exist without all three elements. Which combination correctly represents the Fire Triangle?
A) Fuel, Oxygen, Heat
B) Fuel, Oxygen, Chemical Chain Reaction
C) Oxygen, Flame, Ignition
D) Heat, Smoke, Flame
  • 2. The Fire Tetrahedron adds one more element to the Fire Triangle. What does this additional element represent?
A) Fuel expansion
B) Smoke production
C) Chemical chain reaction
D) Heat radiation
  • 3. Which of the following BEST describes “products of combustion”?
A) Substances produced as a result of burning
B) Chemicals used to extinguish fire
C) Materials that resist burning
D) Materials used to ignite fire
  • 4. Smoke, heat, and toxic gases released during burning are examples of:
A) Thermal energy
B) Fire hazards
C) Fire extinguishing agents
D) Combustion by-products
  • 5. Friction, electricity, and chemical reaction are examples of what?
A) Forms of oxygen
B) Products of fire spread
C) Sources of heat energy
D) Flame types
  • 6. Which source of heat energy occurs when two objects rub together and produce heat?
A) Chemical heat
B) Solar heat
C) Electrical heat
D) Mechanical heat
  • 7. Heat transfer by direct physical contact between molecules is known as:
A) Conduction
B) Convection
C) Expansion
D) Radiation
  • 8. Which method of heat transfer is responsible for the upward movement of hot gases and smoke during a fire?
A) Convection
B) Reflection
C) Radiation
D) Conduction
  • 9. During which stage of fire development does the fire rapidly grow and heat build up, eventually leading to possible flashover?
A) Decay stage
B) Fully developed stage
C) Growth stage
D) Incipient stage
  • 10. The final stage of fire development, characterized by a drop in fuel or oxygen and reduced flame activity, is the:
A) Ignition stage
B) Growth stage
C) Fully developed stage
D) Decay stage
  • 11. A kitchen fire starts when oil on a pan overheats and ignites. Which element of the Fire Triangle was the FIRST to increase, causing the ignition?
A) Heat
B) Chemical chain reaction
C) Oxygen
D) Fuel
  • 12. A firefighter removes burning materials from a room to stop the fire from spreading. Which part of the Fire Triangle is being eliminated?
A) Chemical chain reaction
B) Fuel
C) Oxygen
D) Heat
  • 13. When a chemical fire continues to burn even after removing heat and fuel, which element of the Fire Tetrahedron is sustaining the fire?
A) Carbon dioxide
B) Oxygen
C) Chemical chain reaction
D) Water vapor
  • 14. firefighter enters a smoke-filled room and notices reduced visibility and strong toxic fumes. Which product of combustion is causing the MOST danger in this scenario?
A) Steam
B) Heat
C) Light
D) Toxic gases
  • 15. A wooden building ignites due to a lightning strike during a storm. Which source of heat energy triggered the fire?
A) Electrical heat
B) Chemical heat
C) Solar heat
D) Mechanical heat
  • 16. A steel beam heats up because it is directly touching a burning wooden wall. Which method of heat transfer is responsible?
A) Conduction
B) Radiation
C) Reflection
D) Convection
  • 17. Thick, black smoke rapidly fills the upper portion of a room and begins to push downward as temperature rises. Which method of heat transfer explains this movement?
A) Refractive heating
B) Convection
C) Radiation
D) Conduction
  • 18. A fire investigator concludes that sunlight passing through a broken glass window concentrated heat onto a rug, causing ignition. Which heat source is being applied here?
A) Mechanical
B) Electrical
C) Solar
D) Chemical
  • 19. A fire suddenly engulfs an entire room after heat builds up and gases reach ignition temperature. Which stage of fire development is demonstrated?
A) Incipient
B) Flashover leading to fully developed stage
C) Fully developed
D) Growth
  • 20. After firefighters knock down most of the flames, the fire weakens because combustible materials are consumed. Which stage of fire development is the fire entering?
A) Incipient stage
B) Growth stage
C) Fully developed stage
D) Decay stage
  • 21. A Class A fire involves which type of material?
A) Combustible metals
B) Ordinary combustibles like wood and cloth
C) Flammable liquids
D) Electrical equipment
  • 22. A fire involving gasoline and oil is classified as:
A) Class B
B) Class C
C) Class A
D) Class D
  • 23. What type of fire extinguisher is MOST appropriate for an electrical fire?
A) Foam extinguisher
B) Wet chemical extinguisher
C) Water extinguisher
D) CO₂ or dry chemical extinguisher
  • 24. Which fire extinguishing method works by lowering the temperature below ignition point?
A) Smothering
B) Inhibiting chemical chain reaction
C) Starvation
D) Cooling
  • 25. Removing combustible materials from a burning area is an example of which extinguishing method?
A) Cooling
B) Chemical inhibition
C) Smothering
D) Starvation
  • 26. The BEST method to extinguish a Class K (kitchen) fire caused by hot cooking oil is:
A) Pour water directly
B) Smother with a lid or use wet chemical extinguisher
C) Use a CO₂ extinguisher
D) Lower the room temperature
  • 27. Fire prevention primarily focuses on:
A) Investigating causes of existing fires
B) Suppressing flames as quickly as possible
C) Educating the public and eliminating hazards before ignition
D) Responding to fires that have already started
  • 28. Fire suppression refers to:
A) Stopping fires from starting
B) Investigating the fire’s cause
C) Controlling and extinguishing active fires
D) Training firefighters
  • 29. Which phase of firefighting includes exposure protection and preventing the fire from spreading?
A) Mop-up phase
B) Confinement phase
C) Rescue phase
D) Overhaul phase
  • 30. After the main fire is extinguished, firefighters check for hidden embers and remaining hotspots. This activity is part of the:
A) Initial attack phase
B) Overhaul phase
C) Rescue phase
D) Size-up phase
  • 31. Which fire class involves combustible solids like wood, cloth, and paper?
A) Class A
B) Class B
C) Class C
D) Class D
  • 32. What is the most appropriate extinguishing method for Class A fires?
A) Cooling with water
B) Using dry powder
C) Using CO₂
D) Smothering with foam
  • 33. Which fire class involves flammable liquids such as gasoline, oil, or paint?
A) Class K
B) Class C
C) Class B
D) Class D
  • 34. Which extinguishing agent is recommended for electrical (Class C) fires?
A) CO₂ or dry chemical powder
B) Wet chemical agent
C) Sand
D) Water extinguisher
  • 35. Which method of extinguishing fire works by removing oxygen from the fire triangle?
A) Cooling
B) Smothering
C) Starvation
D) Radiation
  • 36. Which of the following is the BEST example of fire prevention?
A) Performing regular maintenance on electrical systems
B) Removing burning materials
C) Using foam to stop fire growth
D) Closing doors to slow fire spread
  • 37. What is the FIRST phase of firefighting?
A) Size-up
B) Suppression
C) Overhaul
D) Salvage
  • 38. During which phase of firefighting do firefighters primarily work to extinguish the fire and stop its spread?
A) Control
B) Salvage
C) Suppression
D) Overhaul
  • 39. The phase in which firefighters search for hidden embers and prevent rekindling is called:
A) Salvage
B) Control
C) Size-up
D) Overhaul
  • 40. Which action is part of fire control rather than fire prevention?
A) Educating the public about fire hazards
B) Confine the fire to its area of origin
C) Installing smoke detectors
D) Properly storing flammable liquids
  • 41. Which of the following is an example of active fire protection?
A) Fire sprinkler system
B) Fire-stopping materials
C) Fire doors
D) Fire-resistant walls
  • 42. Which device detects smoke particles in the air using a light beam?
A) CO detector
B) Heat detector
C) Photoelectric smoke detector
D) Ionization detector
  • 43. Which of the following is considered passive fire protection?
A) Fire-rated walls and ceilings
B) Fire alarm systems
C) Fire extinguishers
D) Automatic sprinklers
  • 44. What type of detector activates when the temperature reaches a set level?
A) Carbon monoxide detector
B) Smoke detector
C) Heat detector
D) Flame detector
  • 45. Which fire suppression system uses water as its primary extinguishing agent?
A) Dry chemical system
B) CO₂ system
C) Water sprinkler system
D) FM-200 system
  • 46. Which component alerts building occupants during a fire emergency?
A) Alarm sounder or bell
B) Heat detector
C) Control panel
D) Manual pull station
  • 47. The main function of a flame detector is to detect:
A) Rising temperature
B) Visible or infrared light from flames
C) Smoke particles
D) Carbon monoxide levels
  • 48. Which system must be manually activated by a person?
A) Automatic sprinkler
B) Manual pull station
C) Smoke detector
D) Fire pump
  • 49. Fire doors are classified as what type of fire protection?
A) Special protection
B) Active
C) Detection system
D) Passive
  • 50. Which fire suppression agent is best for protecting sensitive electronic equipment?
A) Sand
B) CO₂
C) Water
D) FM-200
  • 51. Which device sends signals to the fire alarm control panel once smoke or heat is detected?
A) Automatic detector
B) Sprinkler head
C) Fire hose reel
D) Fire vent
  • 52. A fire alarm control panel is considered:
A) Passive fire component
B) Detection equipment
C) System control center
D) Notification appliance
  • 53. Which of the following is not an active fire protection system?
A) Fire hose reel
B) Fire alarm
C) Fire-resistant flooring
D) Smoke detector
  • 54. Which type of suppression system releases fine mist to cool and smother the fire?
A) Water mist system
B) CO₂ system
C) Dry chemical system
D) Wet pipe sprinkler
  • 55. The purpose of passive fire protection is to:
A) Contain fire and prevent spread
B) Notify building occupants
C) Suppress fire automatically
D) Detect fire early
  • 56. Which system activates only after a sprinkler head’s glass bulb bursts?
A) Dry pipe system
B) Wet pipe sprinkler system
C) Deluge system
D) CO₂ flooding system
  • 57. What component is used to manually signal a fire emergency?
A) Manual call point
B) Fire damper
C) Smoke barrier
D) Fire extinguisher bracket
  • 58. Fire dampers installed in air ducts are an example of:
A) Active suppression
B) Alarm notification
C) Passive fire protection
D) Active fire detection
  • 59. A device that sounds an alarm when smoke levels exceed a threshold is a:
A) Fire hydrant
B) Ventilation damper
C) Smoke detector
D) Fire hose
  • 60. Which equipment actively releases an extinguishing agent to control fire?
A) Fire sprinkler
B) Fire partitions
C) Fire-rated doors
D) Fire-resistant walls
  • 61. Which law governs the penal provisions for arson that replaced Article 320 of the Revised Penal Code?
A) PD 1602
B) RA 9851
C) RA 9262
D) PD 1613
  • 62. Under PD 1613, which is considered simple arson?
A) Burning a government office
B) Burning a warehouse used as storage for goods
C) Burning a school building
D) Burning an inhabited house
  • 63. Which of the following constitutes destructive arson under PD 1613?
A) Burning one’s own belongings inside a private room
B) Burning a public building or government-owned structure
C) Burning an uninhabited hut
D) Burning a pile of garbage
  • 64. What is the essential element of arson under PD 1613?
A) Burning occurred due to natural causes
B) Intentional and malicious burning of property
C) The property is damaged due to negligence
D) The fire was caused by accident
  • 65. Under PD 1613, which of the following acts does NOT constitute arson?
A) Deliberately burning crops belonging to another
B) Setting fire to a building used for business
C) Burning grass in an empty lot accidentally
D) Burning a neighbor’s vehicle out of revenge
  • 66. What is the penalty for destructive arson under PD 1613?
A) Reclusion perpetua to death
B) Fine only
C) Reclusion temporal
D) Arresto mayor
  • 67. Which scenario qualifies as arson “committed by means of explosion” under PD 1613?
A) Fire spreads naturally due to strong wind
B) A person uses a bomb to set a building on fire
C) A person accidentally drops gasoline near a flame
D) A fire starts because of faulty electrical wiring
  • 68. Under PD 1613, burning a building that is inhabited or used as a dwelling is classified as:
A) Destructive arson
B) Negligent arson
C) Simple arson
D) Accidental burning
  • 69. Which act constitutes attempted arson under PD 1613?
A) The suspect prepares gasoline but takes no action
B) The suspect reports a fake fire
C) The suspect successfully burns a house
D) The suspect lights a match and places it on property but fire fails to spread
  • 70. Under PD 1613, which is a qualifying circumstance that increases criminal liability for arson?
A) Arson committed on an empty field
B) Fire caused by lightning
C) Arson committed to conceal another crime
D) Arson committed accidentally
  • 71. A man intentionally burns his own warehouse to collect insurance. The fire spreads and destroys his neighbor’s store. What crime is he liable for under PD 1613?
A) Simple arson
B) No crime, since it was his own property
C) Destructive arson
D) Arson with intent to defraud
  • 72. A tenant sets fire to the apartment unit he is renting due to anger at the landlord. The apartment contains multiple dwellers. What type of arson applies?
A) Accidental arson
B) Simple arson
C) Attempted arson
D) Destructive arson
  • 73. A farmer burns his own rice field intentionally. The act is contained to his property only. What crime, if any, did he commit?
A) Malicious mischief
B) No arson
C) Simple arson
D) Destructive arson
  • 74. A person pours gasoline on a neighbor’s car and lights it on fire. The car is parked in an open garage attached to the house. What is the most appropriate classification?
A) Attempted arson
B) Malicious burning
C) Simple arson
D) Destructive arson
  • 75. A suspect lights a cloth soaked in gasoline and places it inside a store at night, but the fire dies out before spreading. What crime is committed?
A) No crime
B) Destructive arson
C) Simple arson
D) Attempted arson
  • 76. A student accidentally knocks over a candle that burns part of a classroom wall. What crime applies under PD 1613?
A) Accidental fire (no arson)
B) Destructive arson
C) Reckless imprudence resulting in damage
D) Simple arson
  • 77. A man burns a public market stall to destroy evidence after stealing valuables. Which qualifies this act under PD 1613?
A) Accidental burning
B) Simple arson
C) Arson with a qualifying circumstance
D) Destructive arson
  • 78. A factory owner purposely sets fire to a storage building containing toxic chemicals, causing danger to nearby residents. How is this classified?
A) Attempted arson
B) Destructive arson
C) Simple arson
D) Malicious mischief
  • 79. A child throws a lit match inside an uninhabited abandoned house as a prank, causing it to burn down. What is the legal implication?
A) Simple arson because the structure is not inhabited
B) Attempted arson
C) Destructive arson
D) No arson since the building is abandoned
  • 80. A person sets fire to a church using gasoline. No one is inside, but the building is severely damaged. How is this evaluated under PD 1613?
A) Attempted arson
B) Simple arson
C) Accidental arson
D) Destructive arson
  • 81. When arriving at a fire scene, what is the first step in evaluating it?
A) Start extinguishing the fire immediately
B) Remove debris to access the fire origin
C) Interview witnesses before observing the scene
D) Conduct a systematic scene survey
  • 82. A char pattern on a wooden floor forms a V-shape pointing toward a wall. What does this indicate?
A) Fire originated near the wall
B) Fire started on the ceiling
C) Fire was caused by electrical fault
D) Fire moved randomly
  • 83. Deep charring on the floor and furniture in one room suggests what about the fire?
A) That room is likely the point of origin
B) The fire was electrical
C) The fire burned slowly
D) The fire started elsewhere
  • 84. Which type of evidence is MOST important for determining the cause of a fire?
A) Firefighter reports only
B) Burn patterns
C) Witness statements only
D) Newspaper articles
  • 85. A room shows heavy charring near an outlet. What is the likely cause of fire?
A) Electrical malfunction
B) Lightning strike
C) Cooking accident
D) Arson
  • 86. If multiple small V-shaped patterns are found pointing toward one spot on the floor, this usually indicates:
A) Fire moved randomly
B) Fire started from multiple points (possible arson)
C) Fire started from a single point
D) Fire was accidental
  • 87. Heavy smoke staining on walls near the ceiling helps investigators determine:
A) The spread and direction of fire
B) The time the fire started
C) Who caused the fire
D) The exact cause of the fire
  • 88. Alligatoring of wood surfaces (cracks in char resembling alligator skin) indicates:
A) Water was applied early
B) The intensity and duration of burning
C) Fire started recently
D) Fire was caused by chemicals
  • 89. Which observation suggests the fire may have been intentionally set?
A) Uniform burn throughout the room
B) Single area of deep charring
C) Fire confined to kitchen appliances
D) Multiple points of origin
  • 90. Burn patterns that show “inverted cones” or holes in the ceiling usually indicate:
A) Fire was electrical
B) Fire burned slowly
C) Fire started on the floor
D) Fire involved accelerants
  • 91. At a fire scene, investigators notice that a single room is almost completely charred while adjacent rooms are lightly damaged. What does this suggest?
A) The fire originated in the adjacent rooms
B) The heavily charred room is likely the point of origin
C) The fire started on the roof
D) The fire was accidental
  • 92. A V-shaped burn pattern on a wooden wall points toward a corner. What can be inferred?
A) Fire originated on the ceiling
B) Fire likely originated at that corner
C) Fire was caused by natural causes
D) Fire moved away from the corner
  • 93. Investigators find multiple deep charring points in different areas of a room. What conclusion is most reasonable?
A) Fire was caused by lightning
B) Fire started accidentally from one source
C) Fire was caused by faulty ventilation
D) Fire may have been intentionally set (possible arson)
  • 94. Heavy smoke staining is observed on the upper walls and ceiling. What information does this provide?
A) The fire started low and spread upwards
B) The fire was caused by an electrical fault
C) The fire started at ceiling level
D) The fire was intentionally set
  • 95. Alligatoring of wooden surfaces is present in the room. What does this indicate?
A) Fire was intense and lasted a significant duration
B) Fire was accidental
C) Fire was brief and low intensity
D) Fire involved water accelerants
  • 96. A kitchen shows charring confined only to the stove area with minimal damage elsewhere. What is the most likely cause?
A) Arson
B) Electrical fire
C) Cooking accident
D) Lightning strike
  • 97. Inverted cone burn patterns are observed on the floor and walls. What does this suggest about the fire?
A) Fire was caused by electrical short circuit
B) Accelerants were likely used
C) Fire was caused by a natural source
D) Fire started in the ceiling
  • 98. Investigators note a burn pattern that moves from a lower corner to the ceiling in a distinct path. What can be inferred?
A) Fire originated on the ceiling
B) Fire was intentionally started on the roof
C) Fire was accidental
D) Fire started at the lower corner and spread upward
  • 99. A garage has several burn patterns concentrated near stored gasoline cans. What is the likely cause of fire?
A) Fire ignited using accelerants
B) Lightning strike
C) Electrical malfunction
D) Spontaneous combustion
  • 100. Multiple rooms show similar V-shaped burn patterns pointing toward a central point. What does this suggest about the fire scene?
A) Fire spread from the ceiling
B) Fire started outside the building
C) Fire was accidental
D) Central point may indicate multiple ignition sources (possible arson)
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