- 1. Throughout history, there have been numerous fascinating discoveries in the field of medicine that have revolutionized healthcare as we know it. From the discovery of antibiotics by Alexander Fleming in 1928, to the development of vaccines for diseases like smallpox and polio, these breakthroughs have saved countless lives and improved public health worldwide. Other remarkable discoveries include the use of anesthesia in surgery, the mapping of the human genome, and the invention of medical imaging techniques like X-rays and MRIs. These advances in medical science continue to push the boundaries of what is possible, offering hope for the future of healthcare and the treatment of diseases.
Who is credited with the discovery of penicillin in 1928?
A) Paul Langerhans
B) Alexander Fleming
C) George Papanicolaou
D) Joseph Lister
- 2. Which 19th-century Austrian doctor is known as the 'father of modern psychoanalysis'?
A) Sigmund Freud
B) Wilhelm Roentgen
C) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
D) Louis Pasteur
- 3. The discovery of the structure of DNA is attributed to which scientists?
A) Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins
B) Marie Curie and Pierre Curie
C) Albert Einstein and Niels Bohr
D) James Watson and Francis Crick
- 4. Who developed the first successful polio vaccine in 1955?
A) Jonas Salk
B) Howard Florey
C) Charles Drew
D) Edward Jenner
- 5. Who is known for introducing the concept of antiseptic surgery in the 19th century?
A) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
B) Joseph Lister
C) Louis Pasteur
D) Robert Koch
- 6. The discovery of insulin as a treatment for diabetes is credited to whom?
A) Ronald Ross
B) Walter Reed
C) Carlos Finlay
D) Frederick Banting and Charles Best
- 7. Which scientist is known for discovering the circulation of blood in the human body?
A) William Harvey
B) Robert Koch
C) Niels Bohr
D) Louis Pasteur
- 8. Who developed the first successful smallpox vaccine in the 18th century?
A) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
B) Ignaz Semmelweis
C) Edward Jenner
D) Paul Langerhans
- 9. The identification of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as the cause of AIDS was made by which researchers?
A) Jonas Salk and Albert Sabin
B) Edward Jenner and Louis Pasteur
C) Luc Montagnier and Robert Gallo
D) Wilhelm Roentgen and Emil von Behring
- 10. Who is credited with the development of the first successful heart transplant in 1967?
A) Barry Marshall
B) Werner Forssmann
C) Christiaan Barnard
D) James D. Watson
- 11. The discovery of the role of Helicobacter pylori in causing peptic ulcers was made by which researchers?
A) Barry Marshall and Robin Warren
B) Gregor Mendel and Charles Darwin
C) Jonas Salk and Edward Jenner
D) Marie Curie and Pierre Curie
- 12. Who discovered the anesthetic properties of chloroform in the mid-19th century?
A) James Young Simpson
B) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
C) Ignaz Semmelweis
D) Robert Koch
- 13. The discovery of the function of insulin in carbohydrate metabolism was made by which scientists?
A) Niels Bohr and Werner Heisenberg
B) Charles Best and Frederick Banting
C) Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins
D) William Harvey and Gabriel Fallopius
- 14. The discovery of the first antibiotic, sulfonamide, is credited to which German chemist?
A) Ehrlich Paul
B) Alexander Fleming
C) Gerhard Domagk
D) Walter Reed
- 15. Who performed the first successful human-to-human kidney transplant in 1954?
A) Werner Forssmann
B) Joseph Murray
C) Barry Marshall
D) Christiaan Barnard
- 16. The discovery of serotonin as a neurotransmitter is attributed to which Italian neuroscientist?
A) Josef Breuer
B) Ivan Pavlov
C) Vittorio Erspamer
D) Thomas Willis
- 17. The discovery of the human genome project, mapping all genes in human DNA, was completed in which year?
A) 2010
B) 1987
C) 1995
D) 2003
- 18. Who discovered the link between smoking and lung cancer in the 20th century?
A) Gregor Mendel
B) Louis Pasteur
C) Joseph Lister
D) Richard Doll and Bradford Hill
- 19. Who discovered the antibiotic streptomycin in the mid-20th century?
A) Selman Waksman
B) Ignaz Semmelweis
C) Barry Marshall
D) Robert Koch
- 20. The discovery of the Higgs boson particle in the field of medical physics was made in which year?
A) 2012
B) 2018
C) 1998
D) 2005
- 21. What medical breakthrough did Wilhelm Roentgen make?
A) Identification of DNA structure
B) Discovery of X-rays
C) Development of anesthesia
D) Invention of the stethoscope
- 22. What did Joseph Lister introduce to surgery that revolutionized healthcare?
A) Cosmetic surgery
B) Plastic surgery
C) Antiseptic surgery
D) Laparoscopic surgery
- 23. Who was the first woman to receive a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine?
A) Gerty Cori
B) Grace Hopper
C) Rosalind Franklin
D) Marie Curie
- 24. What did Rene Laennec invent that became an essential tool for diagnosing lung conditions?
A) Sphygmomanometer
B) Stethoscope
C) EKG machine
D) MRI scanner
- 25. Who discovered the role of handwashing in preventing infections in hospitals?
A) Joseph Lister
B) Jonas Salk
C) William Harvey
D) Ignaz Semmelweis
- 26. In what year was the X-ray discovered?
A) 1920
B) 1895
C) 1876
D) 1905
- 27. Which scientist discovered the concept of blood types?
A) Francis Crick
B) Gregor Mendel
C) Karl Landsteiner
D) William Harvey
- 28. What was the first successful organ transplant?
A) Kidney
B) Liver
C) Lung
D) Heart
- 29. Which disease was eradicated through a worldwide vaccination campaign?
A) Polio
B) Tuberculosis
C) Smallpox
D) Measles
- 30. What device did Christian Barnard use in the first successful heart transplant surgery?
A) Stethoscope
B) Heart-lung machine
C) Pacemaker
D) Defibrillator
- 31. Who discovered the vaccine for rabies?
A) Marie Curie
B) Joseph Lister
C) Alexander Fleming
D) Louis Pasteur
- 32. What is the common name for Acetylsalicylic Acid, which was developed by Bayer in 1897?
A) Morphine
B) Paracetamol
C) Ibuprofen
D) Aspirin
- 33. When was the first successful human kidney transplant performed?
A) 1965
B) 1940
C) 1978
D) 1954
- 34. What was the first antibiotic discovered in 1928 by Alexander Fleming?
A) Penicillin
B) Neomycin
C) Streptomycin
D) Tetracycline
- 35. Which scientist is known for the discovery of capillary action in plants, known as Halesian physiology?
A) Gregor Mendel
B) Alexander Fleming
C) James Watson
D) Stephen Hales
- 36. What is the condition characterized by the body attacking its own cells or tissues, resulting in inflammation and damage?
A) Autoimmune disease
B) Cancer
C) Heart disease
D) Diabetes
- 37. What vaccine did Jonas Salk develop in 1955?
A) MMR vaccine
B) Flu vaccine
C) Polio vaccine
D) Hepatitis B vaccine
- 38. Who was the first woman to receive a medical degree in the United States in 1849?
A) Florence Nightingale
B) Rosalind Franklin
C) Elizabeth Blackwell
D) Marie Curie
- 39. In 1900, who discovered the insect-based transmission of malaria?
A) Ronald Ross
B) Gerty Cori
C) Alexander Fleming
D) Walter Reed
- 40. Who discovered the first effective treatment for syphilis in the early 20th century?
A) Paul Ehrlich
B) Jonas Salk
C) Louis Pasteur
D) Wilhelm Roentgen
- 41. Which scientist is known for pioneering research on radioactivity in the early 20th century?
A) Marie Curie
B) Louis Pasteur
C) Gerty Cori
D) Rosalind Franklin
- 42. Who discovered the hepatitis B virus and developed a vaccine for it?
A) Edward Jenner
B) Frederick Banting
C) Baruch Blumberg
D) Jonas Salk
|