Angkor I - Quiz
  • 1. Who founded Angkor I?
A) Jayavarman VII
B) Jayavarman II
C) Indravarman I
D) Suryavarman II
  • 2. What is the main temple in Angkor I called?
A) Bakong
B) Angkor Wat
C) Ta Prohm
D) Bayon
  • 3. Which famous city is near Angkor I?
A) Hanoi
B) Ho Chi Minh City
C) Siem Reap
D) Phnom Penh
  • 4. Who discovered Angkor I in the 19th century?
A) Vasco da Gama
B) Henri Mouhot
C) Marco Polo
D) Christopher Columbus
  • 5. What is the meaning of the term 'Angkor'?
A) Mountain
B) City
C) River
D) Temple
  • 6. What is the main material used to build Angkor I temples?
A) Granite
B) Sandstone
C) Marble
D) Limestone
  • 7. What is the capital of Cambodia?
A) Bangkok
B) Phnom Penh
C) Kuala Lumpur
D) Singapore
  • 8. What kind of structure is Angkor Wat?
A) Temple
B) Palace
C) Fortress
D) Library
  • 9. What is the original meaning of the name 'Angkor'?
A) 'Religious site', referring specifically to Hindu temples
B) 'Kingdom', derived from the Khmer word nokor
C) 'Capital city', derived directly from Sanskrit
D) 'Temple complex', related to Angkor Wat
  • 10. Which religion was dominant in the ancient Khmer Empire?
A) Hinduism
B) Buddhism
C) Shaivism
D) Vaishnavism
  • 11. What is Angkor Wat primarily known as today?
A) The largest pre-industrial city in the world by surface area
B) The location where Jayavarman II declared himself a 'god-king'
C) One of Cambodia's major tourist attractions
D) A UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1992
  • 12. What was Angkor considered to be due to its water management network?
A) 'Architectural marvel'
B) 'Religious hub'
C) 'Agricultural center'
D) 'Hydraulic city'
  • 13. Which temple was completed around 921 and named after the foster mother of Lord Krishna?
A) Ta Prohm
B) Yasodharapura
C) Angkor Wat
D) Bayon Temple
  • 14. What event led to Angkor's population migrating south to Longvek?
A) The declaration of Jayavarman II as a 'god-king'
B) Angkor being declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1992
C) The construction of Angkor Wat
D) The 1431 sacking of Angkor by Ayutthaya
  • 15. What was the estimated population range that the agricultural systems in the Angkor area might have supported?
A) Less than 100,000 people
B) Over two million people annually as visitors
C) About 500,000 people
D) Between 750,000 and 1,000,000 people
  • 16. What was Angkor's fate after falling under Ayutthayan suzerainty in 1351?
A) It eventually faced sacking by Ayutthaya in 1431, leading to a population migration
B) It became the capital of the Ayutthaya Kingdom
C) It was preserved as a religious site without any conflict
D) It expanded its territory significantly
  • 17. What is one of the challenges faced in conserving Angkor?
A) Lack of interest from tourists
B) Complete destruction of all temples
C) Absence of any historical records
D) Problems in trying to preserve the site for future generations
  • 18. How many visitors approach Angkor annually?
A) Over five million
B) Exactly one thousand
C) Two million
D) Less than one million
  • 19. When did the transition from the Late Bronze Age to the Early Iron Age occur at Angkor?
A) 420 BC
B) 500 AD
C) 300 AD
D) 1000 BC
  • 20. Which temple complex in Angkor had remains of iron development?
A) Preah Khan
B) Angkor Wat
C) Ta Prohm
D) Bayon
  • 21. Which mountain was near the quarry used for stone in Angkor's construction?
A) Mount Fuji
B) Phnom Penh
C) Mount Everest
D) Kulen Mountain
  • 22. What does the outer wall of Angkor Wat represent?
A) Rivers surrounding a kingdom
B) Mountains enclosing the world
C) Deserts around a city
D) The walls of a palace
  • 23. What was one primary use of roads and canals in Angkor?
A) Transportation or trade
B) Agricultural storage
C) Religious ceremonies
D) Military defense
  • 24. How were nearby sites connected to Angkor?
A) Many were connected with rivers
B) Footpaths
C) Main roads
D) Telegraph lines
  • 25. What was one hypothesized benefit of roads and canals in Angkor?
A) Serving as marketplaces
B) Helping with contact among other empires
C) Providing shelter during storms
D) Facilitating religious pilgrimages
  • 26. How did roads in Angkor expand?
A) With advancements in technology
B) As the economy grew
C) In response to population decline
D) Due to religious mandates
  • 27. What did LiDAR reveal about cities after the decline of Angkor?
A) They developed advanced technology
B) They became major trade hubs
C) They were sparsely populated
D) They expanded significantly
  • 28. In which year did Jayavarman II declare himself 'universal monarch'?
A) 810 AD
B) 789 AD
C) 802 AD
D) 800 AD
  • 29. Which scholar connected Angkor's decline with the conversion to Theravada Buddhism?
A) George Coedès
B) Zhou Daguan
C) Suryavarman II
D) Jayavarman VII
  • 30. What replaced cultist statues of Buddha during the Hindu restoration?
A) Stupas
B) Statues of Vishnu
C) Lingams
D) Images of Brahma
  • 31. What was the epithet taken by Jayavarman II linking him to the cult of Siva?
A) Lion-man
B) Chakravartin
C) Universal monarch
D) "god-king" (devaraja)
  • 32. What was King Jayavarman VIII's religious affiliation?
A) Vaishnavite
B) Buddhist
C) Jain
D) Shaivite iconoclast
  • 33. Which temple served as the geographic and spiritual center of Angkor Thom?
A) Preah Khan
B) Angkor Wat
C) Bayon
D) Phimeanakas
  • 34. What religion did Jayavarman VII adopt as his personal faith, leading to significant changes in Angkorian temples?
A) Theravada Buddhism
B) Islam
C) Hinduism
D) Mahayana Buddhism
  • 35. In what year did the official capital move to Oudong?
A) 1618
B) 1500
C) 1865
D) 1431
  • 36. What is the meaning of the prefix 'Jaya' derived from Sanskrit?
A) God
B) Temple
C) Victory
D) Shield
  • 37. Which religion became the dominant faith in the Khmer kingdom from the 14th century?
A) Hinduism
B) Mahayana Buddhism
C) Islam
D) Theravada Buddhism
  • 38. What was the name of the central lingam erected by Indravarman I?
A) Suryadesvara
B) Hariharaesvara
C) Vishnusvara
D) Indresvara
  • 39. Which term refers to an 'open space' or 'wide plain' in Khmer architecture?
A) Gopura
B) Prasat
C) Wat
D) Baray
  • 40. What type of buildings in Angkorian times were made with perishable materials?
A) Marketplaces
B) Government offices
C) Non-religious buildings
D) Religious edifices
  • 41. Who celebrated the Khmer New Year in Angkor Wat in 1632?
A) Ukondafu Kazufusa
B) Henri Mouhot
C) António da Madalena
D) Anna Leonowens
  • 42. Which ancient city is noted as the nearest in size to Angkor before the Industrial Revolution?
A) Athens
B) Tikal
C) Babylon
D) Rome
  • 43. When did Western tourism to Angkor begin?
A) 1980s
B) 1970s
C) 1960s
D) 1990s
  • 44. How many people were required to service the Ta Prohm temple complex?
A) 50,000
B) 5,000
C) 20,000
D) 12,640
  • 45. How many major temples or buildings are found within the Angkor area?
A) 100
B) 50
C) 30
D) Around 72
  • 46. During whose reign did Zhou Daguan visit Angkor?
A) Yasovarman I
B) Indravarman III
C) Suryavarman II
D) Jayavarman VII
  • 47. How many new archaeological sites have been discovered by UNESCO at Angkor?
A) Dozens
B) Tens
C) Hundreds
D) Thousands
  • 48. Which mountain was represented by an elevated temple in the Khmer Empire?
A) Phnom Kulen
B) Mount Meru
C) Kailash Mountain
D) Mount Everest
  • 49. What does the name 'Ta Prohm' mean?
A) Victory of Indra
B) Sacred sword
C) Ancestor Brahma
D) Protected by Surya, the sun-god
  • 50. How did Zhou Daguan refer to the Shaivites in his writings?
A) Hindus
B) Taoists
C) Brahmans
D) Buddhists
  • 51. What is the meaning of the Khmer word 'Thom'?
A) Temple
B) City
C) Large
D) Fortress
  • 52. What was the divine component of the royal personality cult during King Jayavarman VII's reign?
A) Brahma
B) Shiva
C) Vishnu
D) The bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara
  • 53. What agency is responsible for overseeing the management of Angkor?
A) Cambodian Ministry of Tourism.
B) World Monuments Fund.
C) APSARA.
D) UNESCO.
  • 54. Who was the first recorded European visitor to Angkor Wat?
A) Louis Delaporte
B) Anna Leonowens in 1865
C) António da Madalena, a 16th-century Portuguese friar
D) Henri Mouhot in 1860
  • 55. Which natural disaster is NOT mentioned as a potential cause of Angkor's decline?
A) Volcanic eruptions
B) Bubonic Plague
C) Earthquakes
D) Extreme flooding
  • 56. What was the approximate size of Angkor at its peak compared to modern cities?
A) Greater than modern Paris
B) Comparable to Tokyo
C) Similar to New York City
D) Larger than London
  • 57. What material were the images of Buddha made from, as observed by Zhou Daguan?
A) Stone
B) Gilded plaster
C) Wood
D) Bronze
  • 58. What title did Suryavarman II use to identify with Vishnu?
A) "Indresvara"
B) "Hariharaesvara"
C) "Devaraja"
D) "Paramavishnuloka"
  • 59. What is the meaning of the Sanskrit term 'Esvara' or 'Isvara'?
A) King
B) Victory
C) God
D) Shield
  • 60. Which organization directed the restoration work at Angkor from 1907 to 1970?
A) APSARA Authority
B) UNESCO
C) World Monuments Fund
D) École française d'Extrême-Orient
  • 61. What was the primary role of Brahmans according to Zhou Daguan's observations?
A) Artisans
B) High officials
C) Monks
D) Priests
  • 62. Which deity is associated with Shaivism at Angkor?
A) Vishnu
B) Brahma
C) Indra
D) Shiva
  • 63. In which century did Japanese settlements appear at Angkor?
A) 17th century
B) 19th century
C) 16th century
D) 18th century
  • 64. In the face towers of the Bayon, King Jayavarman VII represented himself as which bodhisattva?
A) Maitreya
B) Vajrapani
C) Avalokiteshvara
D) Manjushri
  • 65. During which season does excessive pumping of groundwater occur at Angkor?
A) The harvest season.
B) The rainy season.
C) The dry season.
D) The monsoon season.
  • 66. What did Zhou Daguan describe as part of a royal procession in his account?
A) A dance performance by courtiers
B) A chariot race with the king
C) A parade of elephants carrying treasures
D) The sovereign standing on an elephant, holding his sacred sword
  • 67. What does the Khmer word 'Srei' mean when derived from Sanskrit strī?
A) Beauty, splendor, or glory
B) Victory
C) Shield
D) Woman
  • 68. Who was the Chinese diplomat that visited Angkor in 1296 and wrote about his observations?
A) Ibn Battuta
B) Marco Polo
C) Fa Xian
D) Zhou Daguan
  • 69. What color robes did the Theravada Buddhist monks wear according to Zhou Daguan?
A) Blue
B) Red
C) White
D) Yellow
  • 70. What material was used for the king's residence in Angkorian times?
A) Wood
B) Metal
C) Stone
D) Brick
  • 71. What organization has been working on conserving Angkor since 1992?
A) World Heritage Committee
B) Cambodian Government
C) UNESCO
D) International Council on Monuments and Sites
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