Stonehenge (England) - Quiz
Stonehenge England
  • 1. What is Stonehenge primarily made of?
A) Sandstone
B) Granite
C) Sarsen stones
D) Limestone
  • 2. Where is Stonehenge located?
A) Wales
B) Scotland
C) Ireland
D) Wiltshire, England
  • 3. What is the primary purpose of Stonehenge?
A) Ceremonial site
B) Market area
C) Astronomic observatory
D) Fortress
  • 4. How many main types of stones are used at Stonehenge?
A) One
B) Three
C) Four
D) Two
  • 5. What is the significant feature at the center of Stonehenge?
A) The heel stone
B) The bluestone
C) The altar stone
D) The lintel
  • 6. What type of stone are the smaller inner stones at Stonehenge known as?
A) Quartz stones
B) Sarsen stones
C) Bluestones
D) Granite stones
  • 7. Is Stonehenge a UNESCO World Heritage Site?
A) Not yet
B) Only partially
C) Yes
D) No
  • 8. What year did Stonehenge become a protected monument?
A) 1930
B) 1882
C) 2000
D) 1975
  • 9. What feature is unique to Stonehenge among contemporary monuments?
A) Alignment with the solstices
B) Use of marble stones
C) Circular layout
D) Mortise and tenon joints
  • 10. During which solstice is Stonehenge aligned towards the sunrise?
A) Spring equinox
B) Summer solstice
C) Autumn equinox
D) Winter solstice
  • 11. When was the construction of Stonehenge begun?
A) About 3100 BC
B) Around 2000 BC
C) Nearly 1000 BC
D) Approximately 1500 BC
  • 12. When were the sarsen stones placed at Stonehenge?
A) Between 2600 BC and 2400 BC
B) From 2500 BC to 2300 BC
C) Between 2700 BC and 2500 BC
D) Around 3000 BC to 2900 BC
  • 13. Who owns Stonehenge?
A) National Trust
B) The Crown Estate
C) English Heritage
D) UNESCO
  • 14. When was Stonehenge added to UNESCO's list of World Heritage Sites?
A) 2010
B) 1986
C) 1995
D) 2000
  • 15. What is the possible original meaning of 'Stonehenge' according to William Stukeley?
A) 'Burial ground'
B) 'Hanging stones'
C) 'Sacred circle'
D) 'Precipice rocks'
  • 16. What is the definition of a henge in archaeological terms?
A) A stone circle with lintels
B) An ancient temple
C) A circular banked enclosure with an internal ditch
D) A burial mound
  • 17. What is the earliest phase of Stonehenge's construction?
A) The placement of sarsen stones
B) Positioning of bluestones
C) Construction of trilithons
D) The circular earth bank and ditch
  • 18. What is the possible etymology of 'henge' in Stonehenge?
A) 'Burial site'
B) 'Hinge' or 'to hang'
C) 'Stone circle'
D) 'Sacred monument'
  • 19. What is the earliest evidence of human activity at Stonehenge?
A) Bronze tools from 2500 BC
B) Deposits containing human bone from around 3000 BC
C) Pottery shards from 2000 BC
D) Iron weapons from 1500 BC
  • 20. Who led the Stonehenge Riverside Project?
A) John Smith
B) Emma Johnson
C) David Brown
D) Mike Parker Pearson
  • 21. What was Stonehenge associated with from its earliest period?
A) Agriculture
B) Trade
C) Residential living
D) Burial
  • 22. During which millennium did Stonehenge reach its zenith?
A) First millennium A.D.
B) Fourth millennium B.C.
C) Mid third millennium B.C.
D) Second millennium B.C.
  • 23. How long did the construction phases of Stonehenge span?
A) 1000 years
B) 500 years
C) At least 1500 years
D) 2000 years
  • 24. What is the estimated time frame of Stonehenge's landscape development?
A) 8000 years
B) 3000 years
C) 5000 years
D) 6500 years
  • 25. What alignment did three of the Mesolithic posts have?
A) Circular
B) North-south
C) Diagonal
D) East-west
  • 26. Where is Warren Field, considered the world's oldest lunisolar calendar, located?
A) Aberdeenshire
B) Cornwall
C) Wiltshire
D) Yorkshire
  • 27. What was built in 3500 BC near Stonehenge?
A) Stone circle
B) Stonehenge Cursus
C) Neolithic village
D) Wooden henge
  • 28. What was the landscape like around Stonehenge 4000 years before it became a monument?
A) Swampy
B) Wooded
C) Mountainous
D) Desert
  • 29. What material was used to construct the circular bank and ditch enclosure of Stonehenge 1?
A) Sandstone from local quarry
B) Late Cretaceous (Santonian Age) Seaford chalk
C) Granite from Preseli Hills
D) Limestone from nearby cliffs
  • 30. Who is credited with first identifying the Aubrey holes at Stonehenge?
A) Isaac Newton
B) Parker Pearson
C) William Hawley
D) John Aubrey, a 17th-century antiquarian
  • 31. What evidence suggested that the first bluestones at Stonehenge might have been used as grave markers?
A) Presence of gold artifacts
B) Inscriptions on the stones
C) Fossilized remains
D) The underlying chalk beneath the graves was crushed by substantial weight
  • 32. What type of structure was likely built within the Stonehenge enclosure during its second phase?
A) A timber structure
B) A stone circle
C) An earthen mound
D) A metal framework
  • 33. What function did the Aubrey Holes serve during Stonehenge's second phase?
A) They stored food supplies
B) They contained cremation burials
C) They held water
D) They were used for ceremonial gatherings
  • 34. From where were the bluestones of Stonehenge most likely transported?
A) Brecon Beacons in Wales
B) Scottish Highlands
C) Preseli Hills in modern-day Pembrokeshire, Wales
D) Glacial erratics by the Irish Sea Glacier
  • 35. What is the most likely source of some of Stonehenge's bluestone as discovered in 2011?
A) Scottish Highlands
B) Craig Rhos-y-felin near Crymych in Pembrokeshire
C) Irish Sea Glacier
D) Brecon Beacons
  • 36. What was the Altar Stone at Stonehenge believed to have been derived from?
A) Preseli Hills directly
B) Senni Beds, possibly east of the Preseli Hills
C) Brecon Beacons
D) Scottish Highlands
  • 37. What type of stone is the Heel Stone at Stonehenge?
A) Limestone
B) Tertiary sandstone
C) Sarsen stone
D) Bluestone
  • 38. How many trilithons were arranged in a horseshoe shape at Stonehenge?
A) Three trilithons
B) Ten trilithons
C) Five trilithons
D) Seven trilithons
  • 39. What is the orientation of the trilithon horseshoe at Stonehenge?
A) Open end facing northeast
B) Aligned with the setting sun on winter solstice
C) Open end facing southwest
D) Facing the rising Sun on summer solstice
  • 40. What is the estimated weight of each trilithon stone at Stonehenge?
A) 20 tons each
B) 10 tons each
C) Up to 50 tons each
D) 30 tons each
  • 41. What was the purpose of the large timber circle at Durrington Walls?
A) Center of a 'land of the living'
B) Burial ground
C) Agricultural site
D) Defensive structure
  • 42. What shape did the northeastern section of the Phase 3 IV bluestone circle form after its removal?
A) Circular arrangement
B) Horseshoe-shaped setting
C) Square formation
D) Oval arrangement
  • 43. What is the term used for silicified sandstone boulders found at Stonehenge?
A) Trilithons
B) Lintels
C) Sarsens
D) Bluestones
  • 44. What unusual property do Stonehenge's igneous bluestones possess?
A) Reflective properties
B) Thermal properties
C) Magnetic properties
D) Unusual acoustic properties
  • 45. What is the name of the massive Iron Age hillfort built alongside Stonehenge's Avenue?
A) Amesbury Archer
B) Durrington Walls
C) Seahenge
D) Vespasian's Camp
  • 46. What is the name of the teenage boy buried near Stonehenge who was raised near the Mediterranean Sea?
A) The Amesbury Archer
B) Vespasian's Camp
C) The Boscombe Bowmen
D) Seahenge
  • 47. What is the name of the village in Preseli known for using local bluestones as church bells?
A) Vespasian's Camp
B) Maenclochog
C) Seahenge
D) Durrington Walls
  • 48. From where did the agricultural techniques of Neolithic farmers in Britain originally come?
A) Anatolia
B) Northern Europe
C) Africa
D) South America
  • 49. What was the primary ancestry source for paternal (Y-DNA) lineages of Neolithic farmers in Britain?
A) Central Asian Nomads
B) Aegean Ancestors
C) Early European Farmers
D) Western Hunter-Gatherers
  • 50. How much of Britain's Neolithic gene pool was replaced by the arrival of the Bell Beaker people?
A) 70%
B) More than 90%
C) 50%
D) 30%
  • 51. What subsistence pattern is associated with monumental construction at Poverty Point and Sannai Maruyama?
A) Cereal agriculture
B) Hunting
C) Non-cereal farming
D) Fishing
  • 52. What was the primary route taken by Early European Farmers to reach Britain?
A) Through Africa
B) Directly from Anatolia
C) Via Scandinavia
D) Iberia before heading north
  • 53. Who excavated the decapitated skeleton found within Stonehenge's stone circles?
A) John Aubrey
B) William Hawley
C) Mike Pitts
D) Richard J. C. Atkinson
  • 54. What is the estimated date range for the decapitated skeleton found at Stonehenge?
A) 400–500 AD
B) 100–200 AD
C) 700–800 AD
D) 600–690 AD
  • 55. Who continued John Aubrey's work and identified the Cursus and Avenue?
A) William Stukeley
B) Inigo Jones
C) John Wood, the Elder
D) Richard Colt Hoare
  • 56. Who supported William Cunnington's work and excavated 379 barrows?
A) William Stukeley
B) Charles Darwin
C) Richard Colt Hoare
D) John Wood, the Elder
  • 57. In what year were three of the standing sarsens re-erected and set in concrete bases?
A) 1958
B) 1979
C) 1963
D) 1995
  • 58. What did William Hawley locate inside the bank during the 1920 restoration?
A) Carved axes on sarsen stones
B) Mesolithic postholes
C) Aubrey's pits
D) The remains of the Stonehenge Archer
  • 59. How many new monuments were revealed by the University of Birmingham's 2014 study?
A) Two
B) Four
C) Nine
D) As many as 17
  • 60. What method was used to determine the chemical composition of the sarsen stones at Stonehenge?
A) Carbon dating
B) Electromagnetic induction field survey
C) X-ray fluorescence spectrometry
D) Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL)
  • 61. What was found within one of the Bronze Age graves discovered during excavations for the Stonehenge road tunnel?
A) Iron tools
B) Roman coins
C) A shale object
D) Stonehenge blue stones
  • 62. What is another name for the Heel Stone at Stonehenge?
A) "Moon-Stone"
B) "Friar's Heel"
C) "Devil's Marker"
D) "King's Rock"
  • 63. According to folklore, who bought the stones from a woman in Ireland?
A) Merlin
B) Uther Pendragon
C) King Arthur
D) The Devil
  • 64. What did the friar say to the Devil when challenged about knowing how the stones came to Salisbury Plain?
A) "Tell me more."
B) "I don't believe you."
C) "That's what you think!"
D) "You're lying."
  • 65. Who did Hengist invite to a feast, leading to the massacre legend?
A) Roman soldiers
B) British Celtic warriors
C) The Irish army
D) Merlin and his followers
  • 66. How many British Celtic warriors were killed during Hengist's treacherous feast?
A) 300
B) 500
C) 600
D) 420
  • 67. Who acquired Amesbury Abbey and its surrounding lands, including Stonehenge, in the sixteenth century?
A) Cecil Chubb
B) King Henry VIII
C) The National Trust
D) Sir Cosmo Gordon Antrobus
  • 68. In what year did the Antrobus family purchase the estate that included Stonehenge?
A) 1540
B) 1824
C) 1927
D) 1915
  • 69. Who bought Stonehenge at auction in 1915 and later gifted it to the nation?
A) Knight Frank & Rutley
B) Sir Cosmo Gordon Antrobus
C) George V
D) Cecil Chubb
  • 70. Who was the lead subscriber to the 'save the skyline' fund?
A) The National Trust
B) Cecil Chubb
C) Sir Cosmo Gordon Antrobus
D) George V
  • 71. By October 1927, how much money had been raised by the 'save the skyline' fund?
A) £8,000
B) £561,400
C) £6,600
D) £10,000
  • 72. When was the last large aircraft hangar at Stonehenge Aerodrome removed?
A) 1915
B) 2022
C) 1930
D) 1927
  • 73. Which organization provided a grant in 2022 for acquiring more land around Stonehenge?
A) The National Trust
B) Royal Flying Corps
C) Knight Frank & Rutley
D) National Heritage Lottery Fund (NHLF)
  • 74. What event led to the closure of Stonehenge to festivalgoers in 1985?
A) Stonehenge Free Festival
B) European Court of Human Rights ruling
C) Battle of the Beanfield
D) A High Court injunction
  • 75. In what year was a party of 100 people first allowed access to Stonehenge for solstice celebrations?
A) 1985
B) 1998
C) 2001
D) 2000
  • 76. Which historian remarked on the irony of modern Druids arriving at Stonehenge?
A) A member of the Polytantric Circle
B) Arthur Uther Pendragon
C) A representative of the National Trust
D) Ronald Hutton
  • 77. What was Stonehenge's rank in the 2006 National Geographic survey?
A) 50th
B) 75th
C) 100th
D) 1st
  • 78. Which firm designed the visitor centre that opened in December 2013?
A) Foster + Partners
B) Zaha Hadid Architects
C) Gensler
D) Denton Corker Marshall
  • 79. What decision was made by the Labour government in July 2024 regarding the tunnel?
A) The tunnel would 'not move forward'.
B) Construction would begin immediately.
C) A new design for the tunnel was approved.
D) Funding for the project was increased.
  • 80. What was used by tourists to take rock chips from Stonehenge as souvenirs?
A) Screwdrivers
B) Chisels
C) Picks
D) Hammers
  • 81. When were the first Free Festivals held at Stonehenge annually?
A) 1975 onwards
B) 1990 onwards
C) 1969 onwards
D) 1980 onwards
  • 82. What was used in 1984 to deface Stonehenge?
A) Red spray paint
B) Black marker pens
C) Purple spray paint
D) Acid
  • 83. In what year was the British transport minister accused of vandalism regarding Stonehenge?
A) 2019
B) 2020
C) 2015
D) 2018
  • 84. When was the tunnel plan near Stonehenge cancelled by the Labour government?
A) January 2023
B) July 2024
C) March 2022
D) December 2025
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