Dry Tortugas National Park
  • 1. When was Fort Jefferson National Monument designated?
A) October 26, 1992
B) September 2022
C) 1983
D) January 4, 1935
  • 2. What act was used to designate Fort Jefferson as a national monument?
A) The Antiquities Act
B) Conservation Act
C) Homestead Act
D) National Park Service Organic Act
  • 3. When was Dry Tortugas National Park officially established by an act of Congress?
A) 1996
B) October 26, 1992
C) January 4, 1935
D) 1983
  • 4. Which two national parks are managed together and share a superintendent?
A) Dry Tortugas National Park and Everglades National Park
B) Yosemite and Sequoia National Parks
C) Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks
D) Zion and Bryce Canyon National Parks
  • 5. What was the primary reason for establishing Dry Tortugas National Park?
A) To create a fishing reserve
B) To promote tourism in Key West
C) To serve as a military base
D) To protect island and marine ecosystems, preserve Fort Jefferson, and allow public access
  • 6. What action did the residents of Key West take during the 1995-1996 government shutdown?
A) They raised money to keep Dry Tortugas open
B) They protested against the Smithsonian Institution
C) They closed the park permanently
D) They ignored the shutdown
  • 7. What inspired Key West residents to raise funds during the 1995-1996 government shutdown?
A) The Smithsonian Institution raising private donations
B) State funding
C) Local businesses offering free services
D) A federal grant
  • 8. What was the name of the satirical micronation that sent a flotilla to reopen Dry Tortugas?
A) Conch Republic
B) Florida Federation
C) Key West Kingdom
D) Tortuga Territory
  • 9. What was the outcome of The United States of America v. Peter Anderson case?
A) The citation was upheld
B) Peter Anderson was fined
C) Key West residents were prosecuted
D) The case was quickly dropped
  • 10. What type of boats do immigrants arriving from Cuba often use to reach Dry Tortugas?
A) Homebuilt boats called 'chugs'
B) Military vessels
C) Commercial cruise ships
D) Fishing trawlers
  • 11. What system is used for communication between Key West and Dry Tortugas?
A) Courier pigeons
B) A satellite-based voice-over-IP system
C) Satellite phones only
D) Underwater cables
  • 12. What was the peak visitation year for Dry Tortugas, and how many visitors were recorded?
A) 2022 with 90,000 visitors
B) 2016 with 63,000 visitors
C) 1995 with 50,000 visitors
D) 2000 with 83,704 visitors
  • 13. Which hurricane directly struck the Dry Tortugas in August 2004?
A) Hurricane Andrew
B) Hurricane Charley
C) Hurricane Wilma
D) Hurricane Irma
  • 14. What tragic event occurred near the Dry Tortugas following Hurricane Charley in 2004?
A) A hurricane shelter collapsed
B) A ferry capsized with no casualties
C) A Cessna airplane crashed into the water, killing cinematographer Neal Fredericks
D) A tourist boat sank due to engine failure
  • 15. Which hurricane struck the Dry Tortugas in September 2022?
A) Hurricane Katrina
B) Hurricane Maria
C) Hurricane Harvey
D) Hurricane Ian
  • 16. Which former key disappeared by 1876 and is now known as a shoal south off Loggerhead Reef?
A) North Key
B) Southwest Key
C) Northeast Key
D) Bird Key
  • 17. Where is Bird Key Bank located in relation to Garden Key?
A) West of Pulaski Shoal
B) To the east of Garden Key
C) Directly north of Garden Key
D) About 1.5 km southwest of Garden Key
  • 18. Which former key was identical with Booby Island and where is it located now?
A) Southwest Key, current location south off Loggerhead Reef
B) Bird Key, current location southwest of Garden Key
C) Northeast Key, current location between East Key and North Key
D) North Key, current name North Key Harbor WSW of Pulaski Shoal
  • 19. What marks the northeast edge of Dry Tortugas and is not an island?
A) Iowa Rock
B) Northeast Key
C) Pulaski Shoal (Pulaski Reef)
D) Bird Key Bank
  • 20. What type of climate does Dry Tortugas have?
A) Tropical savanna (Aw)
B) Desert
C) Continental
D) Temperate
  • 21. What is the annual precipitation level at Dry Tortugas, making it the driest place in Florida?
A) 45 inches (1143 mm)
B) 50 inches (1270 mm)
C) 25 inches (635 mm)
D) About 38 inches (970 mm)
  • 22. What is the annual mean minimum temperature in Dry Tortugas?
A) 91 °F (33 °C)
B) 52 °F (11 °C)
C) 65 °F (18 °C)
D) 75 °F (24 °C)
  • 23. What type of limestone is found in the Dry Tortugas and represents a subtidal shoal?
A) Miami Limestone
B) Key Largo Limestone
C) Pulaski Reef Limestone
D) Bird Key Limestone
  • 24. What is the thickness of the Miami Limestone?
A) 39 feet (12 meters)
B) 100 feet (30 meters)
C) Up to 200 feet (61 meters)
D) Less than 49 feet (15 meters)
  • 25. What geological feature is an example of Holocene carbonate-sand deposits in Dry Tortugas?
A) Key Largo Reef
B) Pulaski Shoal
C) Miami Limestone
D) The quicksands
  • 26. What is the hardiness zone of Dry Tortugas?
A) 10b
B) 9a
C) 12a
D) 11c
  • 27. What year was Dry Tortugas National Park established as part of a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve?
A) 1976
B) 1985
C) 2007
D) 1999
  • 28. How is Dry Tortugas National Park primarily accessed?
A) By bicycle
B) By car
C) By train
D) By seaplane or boat
  • 29. Who was the first European to see the Dry Tortugas?
A) John James Audubon
B) Mel Fisher
C) Louis Agassiz
D) Juan Ponce de León
  • 30. On what date did Juan Ponce de León visit the Dry Tortugas?
A) September 6, 1622
B) July 4, 1776
C) 1832
D) June 21, 1513
  • 31. Why were the islands called 'Tortugas' by Juan Ponce de León?
A) He caught sea turtles there.
B) It was named after a Spanish town.
C) They had many tortoises.
D) The shape resembled a turtle.
  • 32. Which shipwreck occurred in 1742 in the Dry Tortugas?
A) Henrietta Marie
B) Nuestra Señora de Atocha
C) Santa Margarita
D) HMS Tyger
  • 33. How long did the stranded crew of HMS Tyger live on Garden Key?
A) 90 days
B) 75 days
C) 30 days
D) 56 days
  • 34. In which year did Florida become a part of the United States from Spain?
A) 1819
B) 1825
C) 1776
D) 1858
  • 35. Who visited the Tortugas in 1832?
A) Louis Agassiz
B) Mel Fisher
C) John James Audubon
D) Juan Ponce de León
  • 36. On what date was the Atocha wreck discovered by Mel Fisher?
A) July 20, 1985
B) 1832
C) June 21, 1513
D) September 6, 1622
  • 37. What was the estimated value of the treasure recovered from the Atocha?
A) $100 million
B) $450 million
C) $300 million
D) $600 million
  • 38. Which other shipwreck, sister to the Atocha, was found by Salvors Inc.?
A) Henrietta Marie
B) HMS Tyger
C) Santa Margarita
D) Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe
  • 39. In what year was the slave ship Henrietta Marie lost?
A) 1742
B) 1700
C) 1622
D) 1858
  • 40. When did construction of Fort Jefferson begin?
A) 1903
B) 1863
C) 1880
D) 1847
  • 41. In what year was the use of enslaved labor discontinued at Fort Jefferson?
A) 1903
B) 1847
C) 1874
D) 1863
  • 42. Who was imprisoned at Fort Jefferson for treating John Wilkes Booth?
A) Franklin D. Roosevelt
B) Dr. Samuel Mudd
C) George St. Leger Grenfell
D) Robert H. Jackson
  • 43. What was the name of the vessel built by the Marine Biology Laboratory in 1911?
A) Anton Dohrn
B) Loggerhead Voyager
C) Key West Navigator
D) Carnegie Explorer
  • 44. What was Fort Jefferson used for after the Civil War until 1874?
A) A prison
B) A seaplane base
C) A marine research station
D) A military base
  • 45. Which President visited Fort Jefferson with Justice-to-be Robert H. Jackson?
A) Harry S. Truman
B) Franklin D. Roosevelt
C) Theodore Roosevelt
D) Woodrow Wilson
  • 46. What percentage of Key West's enslaved people were leased to the Corps as laborers between 1847 and 1860?
A) 50%
B) Approximately 17%
C) 25%
D) 10%
  • 47. Which infantry regiment was stationed at Fort Jefferson at the end of the Civil War?
A) 82nd Colored Infantry
B) 101st Airborne Division
C) 54th Massachusetts Regiment
D) 24th Infantry Regiment
  • 48. When was Anton Dohrn donated to the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution?
A) 1939
B) 1903
C) 1911
D) 1945
  • 49. How many bird species are officially listed in Dry Tortugas National Park?
A) 400 species
B) 299 species
C) 150 species
D) 500 species
  • 50. Which of the following birds frequently nests within Dry Tortugas National Park?
A) Red-tailed hawk
B) Sooty tern
C) Peregrine falcon
D) Bald eagle
  • 51. During which month does birdwatching activity peak in Dry Tortugas National Park?
A) April
B) December
C) October
D) August
  • 52. Which common migratory warbler is NOT mentioned as being observed in Dry Tortugas National Park?
A) American redstart
B) Blackpoll warbler
C) Prairie warbler
D) Northern parula
  • 53. What type of tours are offered in April and early May at Dry Tortugas National Park?
A) Camping adventure tours
B) Historical reenactment tours
C) Bird guides offer tours
D) Marine biology tours
  • 54. What invasive species has been found in the waters of Dry Tortugas National Park?
A) Zebra mussels
B) European starling
C) Asian carp
D) Lionfish (Pterois)
  • 55. Which of the following is NOT a method to visit Dry Tortugas National Park?
A) Car travel
B) Boat from Key West
C) Private vessel chartering
D) Seaplane from Key West
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