Medsurg practice

1. A nurse reviews the laboratory report of a client with acute renal failure (ARF) and notes that the serum potassium level is 6.8 mEq/L. Which medication should the nurse plan to administer specifically to protect the heart from the high potassium levels?

A) Calcium gluconate
B) Erythropoietin
C) Dextrose
D) Regular insulin

2. A nursing assistant reports to a nurse that a client diagnosed with chronic renal failure has "white crystals" and dry, itchy skin. Based on this information, the nurse should instruct the nursing assistant to:

A) bathe the client in tepid water.
B) apply the prescribed antipruritic cream to the client's skin.
C) offer the client a glass of warm milk to drink.
D) assess the client's serum creatinine levels.

3. A school-age client admitted to the hospital because of decreased urine output and periorbital edema is diagnosed with acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. Which assessment gives the nurse the best indication of the child's fluid balance?

A) Obtain daily weight measurements.
B) Assess vital signs every 4 hours.
C) Draw serum electrolyte levels daily.
D) Monitor intake and output every 12 hours.

4. A child with nephrosis is taking prednisone. The nurse should teach the caregivers to report which adverse effects? Select all that apply. 1. increased urinary output 2. hematemesis 3. respiratory infection 4. bleeding gums 5. vision problems

A) 2,3,4,5
B) 2,3,4
C) All of the choices
D) 2,3,5

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