Medsurg practice

1. A nurse reviews the laboratory report of a client with acute renal failure (ARF) and notes that the serum potassium level is 6.8 mEq/L. Which medication should the nurse plan to administer specifically to protect the heart from the high potassium levels?

A) Regular insulin
B) Dextrose
C) Calcium gluconate
D) Erythropoietin

2. A nursing assistant reports to a nurse that a client diagnosed with chronic renal failure has "white crystals" and dry, itchy skin. Based on this information, the nurse should instruct the nursing assistant to:

A) apply the prescribed antipruritic cream to the client's skin.
B) bathe the client in tepid water.
C) assess the client's serum creatinine levels.
D) offer the client a glass of warm milk to drink.

3. A school-age client admitted to the hospital because of decreased urine output and periorbital edema is diagnosed with acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. Which assessment gives the nurse the best indication of the child's fluid balance?

A) Assess vital signs every 4 hours.
B) Draw serum electrolyte levels daily.
C) Obtain daily weight measurements.
D) Monitor intake and output every 12 hours.

4. A child with nephrosis is taking prednisone. The nurse should teach the caregivers to report which adverse effects? Select all that apply. 1. increased urinary output 2. hematemesis 3. respiratory infection 4. bleeding gums 5. vision problems

A) All of the choices
B) 2,3,4,5
C) 2,3,5
D) 2,3,4

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