A) Documenting the result and preserving the sample for court evidence. B) A.Reporting the result to the police only. C) Administering treatment to the victim. D) Immediately publishing the findings in a scientific journal.
A) A.To identify the toxic effect. B) C.To calculate the concentration of the chemical. C) To determine the source and legal admissibility of the evidence D) To identify the color and odor characteristics.
A) Only notify the laboratory manager. B) Cross-reference the substance with controlled substances schedules. C) A.Conduct the test and discard the sample. D) C.Test only for lethal chemicals.
A) Following validated protocols and maintaining chain of custody B) A.Using the cheapest and fastest analytical method. C) C.Testing only for common poisons. D) Allowing multiple technicians to randomly alter procedures.
A) A.Trace chemicals prove guilt without further context. B) Trace chemicals may suggest exposure but must be corroborated with other evidence. C) C.Trace chemicals are irrelevant unless in large amounts. D) Trace chemicals can be reported without documentation.
A) Forensic toxicology is like a police interrogator asking questions. B) Forensic toxicology is like a laboratory technician cleaning samples. C) A.Forensic toxicology is like a detective mapping crime scenes. D) Forensic toxicology is like a translator between chemical evidence and legal interpretation
A) Neutralizing the cyanide and discarding the sample. B) C.Informing the media before law enforcement. C) Conducting personal experiments to verify toxicity. D) Immediately reporting findings, preserving evidence, and documenting the analysis.
A) Recording results in an official laboratory report. B) Altering test results to fit the expected outcome. C) A.Maintaining a detailed chain of custody for samples. D) B.Using validated analytical methods for controlled substances.
A) A.Confidence is irrelevant; results are always taken as truth. B) Identification is based on reproducible analytical methods and peer-reviewed techniques. C) Results should be accepted without documentation. D) C.Only visual observation is sufficient.
A) Comparing molecular structure, toxicity, and legal classification. B) Only checking if the color matches. C) Ignoring its potential effects because it’s a new compound. D) Reporting the substance as legal if it is not listed in the old law
A) Residues are only useful for academic studies. B) C.Residues always prove guilt directly. C) B.Residues are like dust, always irrelevant. D) Residues are like fingerprints—they may link a suspect to a crime scene.
A) Can the poison be replaced with another chemical for convenience? B) C.Should the victim be ignored if symptoms are mild? C) B.What is the cheapest method to detect the poison? D) How can the concentration of the poison relate to the victim’s cause of death?
A) C.Report the substance as illegal everywhere. B) Document the finding and consult legal authorities on jurisdiction-specific legislation. C) A.Proceed without concern for jurisdictional laws. D) Ignore the legal classification and focus solely on chemistry
A) A.It ensures that evidence is analyzed quickly. B) It guarantees that evidence results are admissible and reliable in court. C) It allows multiple labs to change the sample freely. D) It only tracks the sample’s weight.
A) Integrating chemical identification, dosage, metabolism, and legal implications to interpret the outcome B) Listing the chemicals without relating to cause of death C) Assuming all compounds were administered intentionally D) Only focusing on the chemical with the highest concentration
A) Locard’s exchange principle B) Chain of custody C) Principle of individuality D) Principle of contamination control
A) Scientific reliability of the method B) Admissibility of expert opinion C) Preservation of corpus delicti D) Authentication under Rules of Evidence
A) Establishing a direct cause of death B) Determining the lethal dose of poison C) Identifying the antidote for ingestion D) Tracing drug metabolites in human urine
A) It affects the credibility but not admissibility of evidence B) It constitutes a violation of procedural due process C) It invalidates the chain of custody automatically D) It renders the evidence inadmissible due to lack of authentication
A) Establishing guilt beyond reasonable doubt through confession B) Scientifically linking physical evidence to legal elements of a crime C) Substituting eyewitness testimony with expert interpretation D) Reconstructing crime scenes solely by chemical analysis
A) To develop new chemical compounds for industrial use B) To teach chemistry to law enforcement personnel C) To regulate the sale of chemicals to the public D) To analyze chemical evidence to assist in legal investigations
A) Measuring the pH of a soil sample B) Determining the exact concentration of a drug in a blood sample C) Identifying the type of explosive used in a bombing D) Calculating the volume of a liquid found at a crime scene
A) The sequence of chemical reactions used to identify a substance B) The list of ingredients in a chemical compound C) The documented history of the handling and storage of evidence. The order in which witnesses are called to testify in court
A) Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) B) Distillation C) Mass Spectrometry D) Titration
A) To identify the source of a drug or poison B) To determine the legal penalties for drug possession C) To assess the potential effects of a substance based on the amount present in the body D) To understand how different drugs interact with each other
A) Only perform a confirmatory test without preliminary screening B) Conduct preliminary color tests followed by confirmatory tests to verify the presence of blood C) Ignore the stain because it might be from food D) Immediately report it as blood based on color alone
A) Preliminary tests are optional; confirmatory tests are enough B) They provide definitive identification without confirmatory analysis C) They allow rapid screening to prioritize samples while reducing risk of false positives D) Preliminary tests alone are sufficient for legal reporting
A) Only microscopic comparison without DNA testing B) DNA analysis first, then discard microscopic examination C) Microscopy for morphological assessment (preliminary) and DNA analysis (confirmatory) D) Report the hair as human without further testing
A) Using GC-MS or IR spectroscopy after preliminary reagent tests B) Relying solely on odor or visual appearance C) Only noting solubility in water D) Performing a simple colorimetric test only
A) Confirmatory tests are only for decorative purposes B) Preliminary tests and confirmatory tests are identical C) Preliminary tests are like a screening metal detector, and confirmatory tests are like x-ray scanning to verify the object D) Preliminary tests are the final verdict; confirmatory tests are optional
A) Only perform chemical solubility tests B) Report it as linked to a victim immediately C) Use preliminary microscopic characteristics and confirm with FTIR or microchemical analysis. D) Compare only color under a microscope
A) Preliminary tests are always accurate and need no validation B) Validation is unnecessary for trace evidence C) Preliminary tests can replace confirmatory tests for efficiency
A) Conclude it is human blood B) Record the color reaction as the final result C) Conduct a confirmatory test such as Takayama or immunoassay to verify. D) Discard the sample because preliminary tests are sufficient
A) Confirming trace fibers using micro-FTIR B) Reporting preliminary color test results as conclusive identification without confirmatory evidence. C) Using DNA testing to confirm human biological material D) Conducting GC-MS on suspected controlled substances
A) Perform only a solubility test B) Conduct preliminary reagent tests for common substances, then confirm with spectroscopy or chromatography C) Rely solely on color to identify the substance D) Immediately report it as a drug solution based on smell
A) Only noting the firearm type at the scene B) Relying on the victim’s testimony C) First performing chemical spot tests, then confirming with SEM-EDX particle analysis D) Using only SEM-EDX for identification
A) Both tests provide complementary information, reducing false positives and ensuring admissibility B) Confirmatory tests are unnecessary if preliminary tests are positive C) Trace evidence is rarely important in court D) Preliminary tests alone are sufficient for legal reporting
A) Use only a microscope to identify blood cells B) Ignore the stain because it may be paint C) Test the stain with phenolphthalein (preliminary), then perform Takayama (confirmatory) D) Report the stain as blood based on color
A) Confirmatory tests are performed randomly for fun B) Confirmatory tests are optional decorations in the laboratory C) Confirmatory tests always replace preliminary tests D) Confirmatory tests are like a referee confirming a goal after video replay
A) Compare only color to the suspect vehicle B) Assume the paint belongs to the suspect car without testing C) Conduct preliminary microscopic and chemical characterization, followed by confirmatory spectroscopy (FTIR or Raman) D) Only measure the paint thickness
A) Benzidine test B) ABAcard HemaTrace test C) Takayama crystal test D) Teichmann test
A) Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) B) Ultraviolet spectroscopy C) Colorimetric comparison test D) Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC)
A) Mitochondrial DNA analysis B) Medullary index measurement C) Microscopic pigmentation test D) Cuticle scale pattern analysis
A) Contact with agricultural fertilizer B) Gunpowder residue deposition C) Exposure to organic solvents D) The suspect handled explosives recently
A) Reproducibility B) Specificity limitation C) Sensitivity D) Chain of custody
A) Amylase test B) Acid phosphatase test C) Saliva test D) Microscopic examination for spermatozoa
A) Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) B) Melting point determination C) Microscopic examination D) Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC)
A) Burning test B) Microscopic examination of colour and texture C) Infrared Spectroscopy D) Solubility test
A) No, a negative presumptive test does not completely rule out the presence of blood; further testing may be required B) Yes, a negative presumptive test rules out the presence of blood C) Yes, if the examiner is very sure about the result D) Maybe, depend on the experience of the examiner
A) Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) B) Griess test C) Luminol test D) Sodium rhodizonate test
A) Use a sterile swab to collect the blood, allow it to air dry, and place it in a paper envelope B) Scrape the blood into a plastic bag and store at room temperature C) Mix the blood with ethanol and store in a sealed container D) Wash the blood with distilled water and then freeze the residue
A) A.Comb the clothing thoroughly with a metal comb B) Use tweezers to handle the hair and store it in a paper envelope C) Wash the hair before storage to remove potential contaminants D) Place the hair in a sealed plastic bag to prevent contamination
A) Wash the fabric in cold water to prevent bacterial growth B) Place the fabric in a plastic bag while still wet C) Air dry the fabric and store in a breathable container D) Freeze the fabric immediately without drying
A) Wrap in paper and store in a cool, dry place B) Mix with other drug samples to save space C) Dissolve in water for transport D) Place directly in a sealed plastic bag
A) Collect fibers using sticky tape and store in paper packets B) Freeze the fibers to preserve color C) Sweep the area with a vacuum cleaner and store the dust in plastic bags D) Place all fibers in a single envelope regardless of source
A) Use gloves and tweezers to collect each fragment, wrapping them in paper B) Dissolve the glass in acid to simplify storage C) Sweep all glass fragments together in a plastic bag D) Use bare hands to pick fragments and store in plastic containers
A) Rub the tool mark with graphite to highlight it, then photograph B) Measure the tool mark dimensions and discard the site evidence C) Apply tape to lift the mark and store in a plastic bag D) Make a silicone cast of the tool mark and send to lab
A) Wash gloves between collections but reuse the same packaging B) Combine evidence in one container to save time C) Collect the largest item first, then smaller items D) Collect evidence from different locations using separate tools and packaging
A) Immediately store blood in plastic and freeze B) Wash the blood to remove soil contaminants C) Collect wet blood with a sterile swab and air dry before packaging D) Mix with ethanol and store in a sealed container
A) Glass → Blood → Drugs → Fibers B) Blood → Fibers → Glass → Drugs C) Drugs → Glass → Fibers → Blood D) Fibers → Glass → Blood → Drugs
A) Paper envelopes for biological evidence, separate from trace evidence B) Wrap all items together in aluminum foil C) Plastic bags for all evidence D) Store wet evidence together in a single container
A) Rely on memory for labeling evidence B) Remove evidence without documenting to save time C) Only photograph the fiber sample D) Sketch the scene and label exact locations of all evidence collected
A) Store in an unmarked envelope to prevent tampering B) Record the date, time, and collector’s initials on the evidence label C) Combine it with other glass fragments from unrelated cases D) Hand it directly to a lab staff without documentation
A) Mix the sample with preservatives and store for future analysis B) Analyze only one type of evidence to save resources C) Split the sample: prioritize blood DNA extraction first, then drug analysis D) Perform drug testing first since it is faster
A) Collect gloves as a whole, air dry, and store in paper bags B) Remove fibers only and discard the gloves C) C.Wash gloves to extract evidence, then store D) B.Cut gloves into pieces and place in separate plastic bags
A) Sealing in an airtight plastic bag immediately B) Scraping it into a paper envelope while wet C) Using a wet swab directly on the stain D) Allowing the sample to air-dry before packaging
A) In a plastic bag with silica gel B) On adhesive tape sealed in a paper bindle C) In cotton padding inside a sealed glass tube D) In a wet swab container
A) It confirms the evidence’s scientific validity B) It fulfills chain of custody requirements C) It prevents chemical degradation D) It ensures sample representativeness
A) Place in plastic ziplock B) Immerse in ethanol solution C) Air-dry and package in paper bag D) Freeze immediately after collection
A) DNA degradation B) Chemical reaction with glass C) Trace transfer or breakage D) Static charge contamination
A) Scrape the sample into a paper envelope while still wet B) Seal the sample in an airtight plastic bag immediately C) Collect the sample with a wet swab D) Allow the sample to air-dry completely before packaging
A) Store the hair in a plastic bag with silica gel B) Enclose the hair in cotton padding inside a sealed glass tube C) Place the hair in a wet swab container D) Affix the hair to adhesive tape, then seal the tape in a paper bindle
A) To ensure the sample is representative of the whole B) To prevent chemical degradation of the sample C) To fulfil chain of custody requirements D) To confirm the evidence's scientific validity
A) Using a sterile cotton swab, air dry, and package in a paper envelope B) Using a sterile cotton swab, air dry, and package in a paper envelope. B. Collect with a wet swab and seal in a plastic bag C) Pour the liquid directly into a plastic container D) Leave it at the scene to avoid contamination
A) Disassemble it to prevent accidental discharge B) Place it in a plastic bag to protect it from scratches C) Secure it in a cardboard box, noting the position of the safety and any cartridges remaining in the chamber D) Clean it thoroughly to remove fingerprints
A) Biological; viral toxin B) Chemical; heavy meta C) Biological; bacterial toxin D) Chemical; organophosphate
A) Naloxone B) Atropine, Hydroxocobalamin C) Vitamin K
A) Both act by enzymatic inhibition B) Biological poisons generally act faster than chemical C) Chemical poisons like arsenic affect metabolic enzymes directly D) Biological poisons require ingestion to be effective
A) Biological; supportive care B) Biological; induced vomiting C) Chemical; antidote administration D) Chemical; chelation
A) Both produce immediate CNS depression B) Methanol causes metabolic derangements; tetanus toxin disrupts neurotransmission C) Both require enzymatic activation to exert effects D) Both are neutralized by the same antidote
A) Both act by the same mechanism B) Botulinum toxin has a lower lethal dose and acts via neuroinhibition C) Cyanide requires enzymatic activation D) Cyanide is more potent than botulinum toxin
A) B.Use hydroxocobalamin as first-line B) Administer fomepizole to inhibit metabolism C) Only provide intravenous fluids D) Administer atropine
A) Chemical poisons are only synthetic B) Both arise exclusively from natural sources C) Biological poisons can originate from bacteria like Clostridium D) Biological poisons cannot be fatal
A) Mercury is a biological poison that inhibits acetylcholinesterase B) Mercury is a chemical poison causing enzyme inactivation and renal damage C) C.Mercury is neutralized by antibiotics D) Mercury acts by producing neurotoxins like botulinum
A) CO is less toxic than ricin in all doses B) Ricin disrupts protein synthesis; CO binds hemoglobin to prevent oxygen delivery C) Both are treated with the same antidotes D) Both inhibit cellular respiration directly
A) Only rely on clinical symptoms B) Culture for Clostridium botulinum C) Administer empiric antibiotics D) Measure serum cholinesterase levels
A) Atropine B) Hydroxocobalamin C) Fomepizole D) Vitamin K
A) Both cross cell membranes equally B) Both are eliminated through renal excretion only C) Lipid-soluble chemicals diffuse rapidly; protein toxins may require receptor-mediated uptake D) Protein toxins diffuse faster than lipid-soluble chemicals
A) Determine method of administration and onset of action B) Use a single antidote for both cases C) Only focus on symptoms for legal evidence D) Assume similar onset due to rapid toxicity
A) Biological poisons are unaffected by treatment timing B) C.Both outcomes are identical regardless of treatment C) Early antidote administration in chemical poisoning significantly improves prognosis D) Delayed treatment always has no effect
A) Red blood cell oxygen transport B) Synaptic acetylcholine degradation C) Enzymatic oxidation in mitochondria D) Neuromuscular transmission
A) Naloxone B) Atropine C) Dimercaprol D) Pralidoxime
A) Target organ specificity B) Detectability through spectroscopy C) Source of origin D) Mode of administration
A) Duquenois-Levine test B) Reinsch test C) Marsh test D) Lassaigne’s test
A) Cause immunological reactions B) Exhibit cumulative effects through metabolism C) Have no specific antidotes D) May act rapidly with quantifiable doses
A) Only chemical poisons require laboratory confirmation; biological poisons are assumed from symptoms B) Treat both cases identically because both are toxic C) Analyze the mechanism of action, onset, and specific antidotes for each poison to guide both treatment and legal interpretation D) Legal relevance is restricted to chemical poisons; biological toxins are not admissible
A) Biological poisons never require antidotes B) Only chemical poisons are relevant in legal proceedings C) Antidote selection depends on the poison’s nature, mechanism, and biological target D) All poisons are treated with the same antidotes regardless of type
A) Court testimony does not require distinction between toxin types B) Biological and chemical poisons differ in structure, action, and detection, so each must be assessed independently C) Only chemical poisons can be used as evidence in court D) All toxins are equivalent for forensic reporting
A) Laboratory confirmation is optional for chemical poisons B) Use identical chemical assays for both poisons C) Apply analytical chemistry techniques for arsenic and protein-based detection methods for ricin to ensure accurate identification D) Only qualitative observations are required for biological poisons
A) Only chemical poisoning requires symptom analysis for evidence purposes B) Consider the distinct pharmacokinetics, mechanisms, and available antidotes for each type to support both courtroom and clinical conclusions C) Biological poisons are inherently less relevant to forensic investigation D) Symptom similarity is sufficient for both types; mechanism is irrelevant |