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How to Identify and Classify Fir Trees
  • 1. Which needle arrangement is most typical of fir trees?
A) Needles in bundles of two or three
B) Needles arranged in whorls
C) Single needles attached directly to the twig
D) Scale-like needles
  • 2. What is a key characteristic of fir cones that distinguishes them from other conifers?
A) They stand upright and disintegrate on the tree
B) They are very small and inconspicuous
C) They hang downwards and fall to the ground whole
D) They are covered in sharp spines
  • 3. What is the cross-sectional shape of a fir needle?
A) Triangular
B) Circular
C) Flat or slightly rounded
D) Square
  • 4. Which of these features is NOT typically used for fir tree identification?
A) Needle length
B) Bark texture
C) Root structure
D) Cone characteristics
  • 5. What type of scars are left on a fir twig after the needles fall off?
A) No scars
B) Raised scars
C) Circular scars
D) Diamond-shaped scars
  • 6. What is the typical color of mature fir bark?
A) Yellow
B) Green
C) Bright red
D) Gray or brownish-gray
  • 7. Which of the following is a common habitat for fir trees?
A) Mountainous regions
B) Swamps
C) Tropical rainforests
D) Deserts
  • 8. How does the needle attachment of a fir tree differ from a spruce tree?
A) Fir needles are attached directly, spruce needles have a small peg.
B) The attachment is the same.
C) Fir needles are in bundles, spruce needles are single.
D) Fir needles have a peg, spruce needles are attached directly.
  • 9. What is the common name for Abies balsamea?
A) Balsam Fir
B) White Fir
C) Noble Fir
D) Douglas Fir
  • 10. Which fir species is known for its bluish-green needles?
A) Grand Fir (Abies grandis)
B) Red Fir (Abies magnifica)
C) Fraser Fir (Abies fraseri)
D) Colorado Blue Fir (Abies concolor)
  • 11. What is the primary use of fir wood?
A) Lumber and pulpwood
B) Musical instruments
C) Furniture making
D) Fuelwood
  • 12. Which fir species has a strong, citrus-like scent when its needles are crushed?
A) Grand Fir (Abies grandis)
B) Balsam Fir (Abies balsamea)
C) Noble Fir (Abies procera)
D) White Fir (Abies concolor)
  • 13. The cones of what fir species often have prominent bracts extending beyond the scales?
A) California Red Fir (Abies magnifica)
B) Subalpine Fir (Abies lasiocarpa)
C) Noble Fir (Abies procera)
D) Balsam Fir (Abies balsamea)
  • 14. What is a bract?
A) A type of root
B) A modified leaf located below a flower or cone scale
C) A type of bark
D) A type of seed
  • 15. Which fir species is most susceptible to balsam woolly adelgid infestations?
A) White Fir (Abies concolor)
B) Noble Fir (Abies procera)
C) Balsam Fir (Abies balsamea)
D) Grand Fir (Abies grandis)
  • 16. At what elevation are Subalpine Fir Trees usually found?
A) High elevations
B) Along coastlines
C) In deserts
D) Low elevations
  • 17. Which fir tree is know for having a spire-like crown?
A) Balsam Fir
B) Grand Fir
C) White Fir
D) Subalpine Fir
  • 18. What are the seed wings like on fir tree seeds?
A) Small and hard
B) Fleshy
C) Absent
D) Large and papery
  • 19. What is the growth rate of fir trees generally considered to be?
A) Very fast
B) Slow to moderate
C) Extremely slow
D) Variable depending on the species
  • 20. What role do fir trees play in the ecosystem?
A) Deplete soil nutrients
B) Contribute to air pollution
C) Provide habitat and watershed protection
D) Inhibit the growth of other plants
  • 21. Which characteristic is NOT helpful in distinguishing different species of fir?
A) The shape and size of the cone
B) The texture and color of the bark
C) The color of the wood inside the tree
D) The length and color of the needles
  • 22. How does the bark of young fir trees typically appear?
A) Thick and furrowed
B) Smooth and resinous
C) Covered in lichens
D) Scaly and peeling
  • 23. What type of soil do fir trees generally prefer?
A) Sandy, alkaline soil
B) Well-drained, acidic soil
C) Heavy clay soil
D) Waterlogged soil
  • 24. What is the significance of the 'Christmas tree' shape associated with many fir species?
A) Wind resistance
B) Attraction of pollinators
C) Efficient light capture and snow shedding
D) Defense against herbivores
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