United States home front during World War II - Quiz
United States home front during World War II
  • 1. When did the birth rate begin its sharp increase?
A) 1941
B) 1946
C) 1939
D) 1944
  • 2. What was the name of the government program providing free prenatal care to wives of low-ranking servicemen?
A) Smith Act
B) New Deal
C) EMIC
D) G.I. Bill
  • 3. What event caused a pause in the birth rate between 1944 and 1945?
A) The end of the war
B) 12 million men were in uniform
C) A severe housing shortage
D) Government mandated birth control
  • 4. When did the housing boom finally begin to meet the demand for homes?
A) 1944
B) 1941
C) 1949
D) 1946
  • 5. What legislation supported much of the new housing built after 1944?
A) Nationality Act
B) G.I. Bill
C) Smith Act
D) Magnuson Act
  • 6. When did divorce rates reach a peak during the war era?
A) 1946
B) 1941
C) 1944
D) 1949
  • 7. What contributed to the housing shortages during the war?
A) Massive immigration
B) New federal zoning laws
C) Migration to munitions centers
D) Destruction of cities
  • 8. Which act repealed the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882?
A) Smith Act
B) Nationality Act
C) Magnuson Act
D) McCarran-Walter Act
  • 9. What did the Nationality Act of 1940 allow certain immigrants to do?
A) Enter the country without visas
B) Vote in federal elections
C) Receive free housing
D) Gain citizenship by enlisting in the army
  • 10. What was the formal name of the Smith Act?
A) War Brides Act
B) Alien Registration Act of 1940
C) Nationality Act
D) Chinese Exclusion Act
  • 11. Which group was subject to internment in the United States during the war?
A) Mexican workers
B) Chinese immigrants
C) Japanese and Japanese-Americans
D) German immigrants
  • 12. Approximately how many Mexican workers were brought to the U.S. by the Bracero Program?
A) 5 million
B) 1 million
C) 500,000
D) 12 million
  • 13. Who was the U.S. Assistant Secretary of State who made it harder for Jewish refugees to enter the U.S.?
A) Harry Truman
B) Franklin Roosevelt
C) Breckinridge Long
D) Senator McCarran
  • 14. What was the purpose of the War Brides Act of 1945?
A) Providing housing for veterans
B) Preventing divorce for servicemen
C) Restricting immigration from Europe
D) Expedited citizenship for soldiers' spouses
  • 15. What criteria did the 1952 McCarran-Walter Act use to turn away migrants?
A) Country of origin
B) Immorality or disease
C) Religious affiliation
D) Political party membership
  • 16. What was the main reason visa applicants were screened in minute detail after 1939?
A) Fear of German spies and saboteurs
B) Overpopulation
C) Lack of federal funds
D) Economic depression
  • 17. What movement led to Roosevelt's Executive Order 8802?
A) Labor Union Strike
B) Civil Rights Movement
C) March on Washington Movement
D) Great Depression Reform
  • 18. Which committee was established by Executive Order 8802?
A) Committee on Defense Industries
B) President's Committee on Fair Employment Practices
C) National Labor Relations Board
D) Fair Wage Commission
  • 19. What is the term used in the text to describe the sharp decrease in income inequality?
A) Prosperity Peak
B) Wage Equalization
C) Economic Boom
D) Great Compression
  • 20. Why did the gap between white collar and blue collar income narrow?
A) Taxes on white collar workers increased significantly
B) Blue collar workers received better education
C) White collar workers did not typically receive overtime
D) White collar wages were frozen by the government
  • 21. By what percentage did real wages rise during the four years of the war?
A) 70%
B) 25%
C) 50%
D) 44%
  • 22. What percentage of families earned less than $2,000 annually by the end of the war?
A) 25%
B) 40%
C) 75%
D) 60%
  • 23. What standard of living definition was used by the Works Progress Administration in 1941?
A) $1,500 per year
B) $1,000 per year
C) $2,000 per year
D) $3,000 per year
  • 24. By what percentage did average weekly earnings rise from 1939 to 1944?
A) 44%
B) 25%
C) 50%
D) 70%
  • 25. How much did organized labor membership increase between 1941 and 1945?
A) 70%
B) 25%
C) 44%
D) 50%
  • 26. According to the study cited, what percentage of Americans lived in poverty in 1933?
A) Under 25%
B) Over 60%
C) Over 75%
D) Under 40%
  • 27. By how much did individual savings accounts climb during the war?
A) By 50%
B) Almost sevenfold
C) Remained unchanged
D) Doubled
  • 28. Which group increased their share of the economic pie during the war?
A) Government employees
B) The top 5%
C) The bottom 40%
D) White collar workers only
  • 29. Which group dominated Congress during World War II and held influence over welfare projects?
A) New Dealers
B) Liberals
C) Socialists
D) Conservatives
  • 30. What was the main requirement for conservatives to approve welfare projects during the war?
A) International pressure
B) Business support
C) Presidential mandate
D) Public protests
  • 31. What was the purpose of the Coal Mines Inspection and Investigation Act of 1941?
A) Raising miner wages
B) Reducing fatality rates
C) Nationalizing mines
D) Increasing coal production
  • 32. According to the text, what was the basis for benefits favored by conservatives?
A) National service
B) Income levels
C) Age criteria
D) Universal need
  • 33. What type of housing was provided by the Lanham Act?
A) Rural homesteads
B) Segregated housing
C) Public high-rise apartments
D) Integrated housing
  • 34. What was the function of the Public Health Service Act passed in 1944?
A) Mandated vaccinations for all citizens
B) Expanded federal-state public health programs
C) Established local hospitals in rural areas
D) Provided free medical care for all
  • 35. Which agency introduced the Emergency Maternity and Infant Care (EMIC) program?
A) Social Security Administration
B) Children's Bureau
C) Department of Defense
D) Public Health Service
  • 36. What did the 1943 Disabled Veterans Rehabilitation Act provide?
A) Monetary disability pensions
B) Vocational rehabilitation services
C) Land grants
D) Guaranteed lifetime medical care
  • 37. The G.I. Bill of 1944 is primarily noted for its role in expanding what?
A) The defense industry
B) The American middle class
C) The federal bureaucracy
D) Corporate monopolies
  • 38. How did the film industry contribute to the war effort?
A) By providing government loans
B) Through propaganda
C) By manufacturing weapons
D) By managing price controls
  • 39. Which of the following items was tightly rationed during the war?
A) Paper
B) Electricity
C) Gasoline
D) Wood
  • 40. What was the standard weekly gasoline allocation for most families?
A) 5 US gallons
B) 3 US gallons
C) 10 US gallons
D) 1 US gallon
  • 41. What happened to the production of durable goods like kitchen appliances during the war?
A) It stayed the same
B) It increased rapidly
C) It was subsidized
D) It was banned
  • 42. What economic effect did high personal savings have after the war?
A) Renewed growth
B) Decline in industry
C) Increased inflation
D) A massive recession
  • 43. How did war spending affect the gross national product (GNP)?
A) It vanished
B) It stayed constant
C) It doubled
D) It decreased by half
  • 44. What were the government contracts called that paid all expenses plus a profit?
A) Fixed-price
B) Subsidy-only
C) Competitive bidding
D) Cost-plus
  • 45. What was the percentage of federal expenditures in relation to GNP in 1929?
A) 3%
B) 40%
C) 25%
D) 10%
  • 46. What was the first item to be rationed in the United States in 1942?
A) Gasoline
B) Coffee
C) Tires
D) Sugar
  • 47. Which executive order attempted to impose a 100% surtax on after-tax incomes over $25,000?
A) Executive order 4444
B) Executive order 9250
C) Executive order 1010
D) Executive order 8888
  • 48. Which of the following items was NOT subject to rationing?
A) Canned foods
B) Used goods
C) Gasoline
D) Silk stockings
  • 49. What was the lowest number of unemployed people recorded in the fall of 1944?
A) 7.7 million
B) 700,000
C) 3.4 million
D) 1.5 million
  • 50. Who was the symbol of women working in manufacturing during the war?
A) Alice Throckmorton McLean
B) Philip Wrigley
C) Rosie the Riveter
D) Eleanor Roosevelt
  • 51. Who founded the American Women's Voluntary Services (AWVS)?
A) Alice Throckmorton McLean
B) Franklin D. Roosevelt
C) Philip Wrigley
D) Rosie the Riveter
  • 52. Who created the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League?
A) The U.S. government
B) Alice Throckmorton McLean
C) The Chicago Cubs players
D) Philip Wrigley
  • 53. In what year was the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League created?
A) 1943
B) 1941
C) 1946
D) 1940
  • 54. How many women were in the AWVS by the end of the war?
A) 325,000
B) 1 billion
C) 100,000
D) 18,000
  • 55. What percentage of women remained in the workforce in 1946 compared to 1944?
A) 50%
B) 100%
C) 87%
D) 13%
  • 56. What did the term 'bracero' translate to in Spanish?
A) Strong arm
B) War helper
C) Field worker
D) Farm hand
  • 57. What was the slogan used to encourage children to help with food production?
A) Victory starts in the garden
B) Work for victory, work for peace
C) Grow your own, can your own
D) Feed the troops, feed the nation
  • 58. Where were 50 percent of the recruited braceros sent to work?
A) California
B) Michigan
C) The Pacific Northwest
D) Texas
  • 59. How were prices and markets for agricultural commodities managed during the war?
A) Under tight federal control
B) Left to the free market
C) Managed by the state governments
D) Determined by local farmers
  • 60. What was the age range for teenagers in the Victory Farm Volunteers?
A) 10–15
B) 16–21
C) 12–16
D) 14–18
  • 61. Which organization did the United Mine Workers leave in 1942?
A) The US Crop Corps
B) The UAW
C) The AFL
D) The CIO
  • 62. Which union leader became a much-hated figure due to threats of strikes during the war?
A) The head of the UAW
B) John L. Lewis
C) Franklin D. Roosevelt
D) The leader of the AFL
  • 63. What town grew from 1,500 people to host Camp Blanding?
A) Starke, Florida.
B) Oak Ridge, Tennessee.
C) Wilmington, North Carolina.
D) Dallas, Texas.
  • 64. How many cargo ships did the North Carolina Shipbuilding Company launch before closing?
A) 500.
B) 1,000.
C) 100.
D) 243.
  • 65. Which of these cities is mentioned as having huge warplane plants?
A) Nashville.
B) Miami.
C) Dallas-Fort Worth.
D) New Orleans.
  • 66. What resource was used at Oak Ridge to prepare uranium?
A) Coal mined in Virginia.
B) Natural gas from the Gulf Coast.
C) Solar power from the South.
D) Tennessee Valley Authority electricity.
  • 67. What kind of ships were the 126 vessels launched by the North Carolina Shipbuilding Company?
A) Liberty ships.
B) Battleships.
C) Aircraft carriers.
D) Submarines.
  • 68. How did the South's income levels compare to the national average after the war?
A) They were exactly equal.
B) They exceeded the national average.
C) They lagged behind.
D) They were the highest in the nation.
  • 69. What created a backlight that helped German U-boats target ships?
A) Lighthouses
B) Coastal cities
C) Naval patrol ships
D) Military naval bases
  • 70. What was a primary duty of the local civilian defense early in the war?
A) Manufacturing munitions
B) Building naval vessels
C) Managing lights at night
D) Patrolling the borders
  • 71. Which organization was founded in 1941 to provide morale to military personnel?
A) Red Cross
B) USO
C) State Guard
D) Civil Air Patrol
  • 72. How many civilian agencies joined together to form the USO?
A) Four
B) Six
C) Ten
D) Eight
  • 73. What caused the enrollment in high schools and colleges to drop during the war?
A) Students took war jobs
B) Government bans on education
C) Lack of teachers
D) Conversion of schools to barracks
  • 74. What were families asked to save from cooking for soap making?
A) Used oil
B) Fat drippings
C) Brass casings
D) Copper scraps
  • 75. What was milkweed harvested for by children?
A) Artillery shells
B) Soap production
C) Lifejackets
D) Rations
  • 76. What were spotters trained to identify in coastal and border towns?
A) Saboteurs
B) German U-boats
C) Paratroopers
D) Enemy aircraft
  • 77. What was the Coast Guard Auxiliary's primary role?
A) Border security
B) Air reconnaissance
C) Submarine warfare
D) Rescue operations
  • 78. Which group of people took jobs in factories previously vacated by men?
A) Children
B) Women
C) State Guardsmen
D) Retired military personnel
  • 79. How did the local draft boards decide how to fill their quotas?
A) Military commanders
B) Community leaders decided
C) A national lottery system
D) Congressional mandates
  • 80. What was the level of draft resistance during this period?
A) Nonexistent
B) Extremely high
C) Very little
D) Moderate
  • 81. What was the state of the manpower pool in 1943 compared to 1940?
A) Severe shortage
B) High surplus
C) Unchanged
D) Increased unemployment
  • 82. Which group demanded and generally received occupational deferments?
A) Bankers
B) Teachers
C) Journalists
D) Farmers
  • 83. What historian noted the story of a banker assigned as a baker?
A) Lee Kennett
B) George Marshall
C) Franklin Roosevelt
D) Dwight Eisenhower
  • 84. Which religious group faced significant imprisonment for refusing all forms of service?
A) Jehovah's Witnesses
B) Mennonites
C) Quakers
D) Church of God
  • 85. Where did many young female pacifists volunteer during the war?
A) Military bases
B) Munitions factories
C) Mental hospitals
D) Naval shipyards
  • 86. What did conscientious objectors who served in the Civilian Public Service NOT receive?
A) Work assignments
B) Veterans benefits
C) Food
D) Housing
  • 87. What percentage of Quakers served in the military during World War II?
A) About 5%
B) About 50%
C) About 90%
D) About 10%
  • 88. Before World War II, what percentage of passenger travel was accounted for by private cars?
A) 95%
B) 85%
C) 14%
D) 50%
  • 89. Which group of people left the cotton fields to head for cities during the war?
A) European immigrants
B) African Americans
C) German refugees
D) Japanese farmers
  • 90. Which major city experienced a race riot in 1943?
A) New York
B) Detroit
C) Chicago
D) Washington D.C.
  • 91. The 1943 Zoot Suit Riots occurred in which city?
A) Seattle
B) Los Angeles
C) San Diego
D) San Francisco
  • 92. Which industry saw the greatest wartime gain in female employment?
A) Service
B) Manufacturing
C) Education
D) Agriculture
  • 93. What percentage did female employment increase in the manufacturing industry by 1944?
A) 50 percent
B) 200 percent
C) 140 percent
D) 100 percent
  • 94. What was the primary reason cited by women for entering the labor force, according to Hartmann?
A) Social status
B) Career advancement
C) Education
D) Financial reasoning
  • 95. Which plant was able to complete a B-24 Liberator bomber every twenty-two minutes?
A) Twin Cities Ordnance Plant
B) Willow Run
C) Sperry Corporation
D) Ford Detroit Main
  • 96. What term was used by the government to describe women who resisted finding work?
A) Slackers
B) Refuseniks
C) Traitors
D) Deserters
  • 97. What did the Sperry Corporation recruitment pamphlet compare operating a drill press to?
A) Knitting a sweater
B) Sewing buttons
C) Preparing a meal
D) Squeezing orange juice
  • 98. What rank did female civilian nurses automatically receive upon joining the Army or Navy Nurse Corps?
A) Enlisted
B) Officer
C) Sergeant
D) Private
  • 99. Which organization were teenaged girls encouraged to enlist in?
A) Cadet Nurse Corps
B) USO
C) Red Cross
D) Civil Defense Unit
  • 100. Which of these was NOT a community service role mentioned for women?
A) USO
B) Red Cross
C) Civil defense leader
D) Nursing
Created with That Quiz — the math test generation site with resources for other subject areas.