Cocos Island - Test
  • 1. What percentage of the insect species on Cocos Island are endemic?
A) 16%
B) 30%
C) 25%
D) 50%
  • 2. Which order of insects has the greatest diversity on Cocos Island?
A) Lepidoptera
B) Coleoptera
C) Orthoptera
D) Diptera
  • 3. How many species of lizards are found on Cocos Island?
A) Three
B) Five
C) Four
D) Two
  • 4. Which endemic lizard species can be found on Cocos Island?
A) Galápagos marine iguana
B) Green sea turtle
C) Cocos Island anole (Anolis townsendi)
D) Komodo dragon
  • 5. Which bird species is the only member of its genus on Cocos Island?
A) Cocos finch (Pinaroloxias inornata)
B) Cocos booby (Sula brewsteri)
C) Great frigatebird (Fregata minor)
D) Red-footed booby (Sula sula)
  • 6. How many bird species have been reported on Cocos Island?
A) 70
B) 50
C) 100
D) Nearly 90
  • 7. Which of the following is NOT an endemic land bird species on Cocos Island?
A) Cocos flycatcher (Nesotriccus ridgwayi)
B) Cocos finch (Pinaroloxias inornata)
C) White tern (Gygis alba)
D) Cocos cuckoo (Coccyzus ferrugineus)
  • 8. Which organization has designated Cocos Island as an Important Bird Area?
A) Greenpeace
B) World Wildlife Fund
C) International Union for Conservation of Nature
D) BirdLife International
  • 9. How many native land mammal species are there on Cocos Island?
A) Three
B) None
C) Two
D) One
  • 10. Which of the following mammals was NOT introduced by humans to Cocos Island?
A) Pigs
B) Cats
C) Deer
D) Goats
  • 11. How many species of coral are found around Cocos Island?
A) 45
B) 60
C) More than 30
D) 15
  • 12. Which large fish species is known to inhabit the waters surrounding Cocos Island?
A) Yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares)
B) Clownfish
C) Catfish
D) Goldfish
  • 13. Which species of shark is known to inhabit the waters around Cocos Island?
A) Scalloped hammerhead shark (Sphyrna lewini)
B) Great white shark
C) Tiger shark
D) Bull shark
  • 14. Which of the following marine animals is NOT mentioned as inhabiting the waters around Cocos Island?
A) Orcas
B) Humpback whales
C) Sea lions
D) Dolphins (excluding bottlenose dolphins)
  • 15. Which of these turtle species is found around Cocos Island?
A) Leatherback turtles
B) Kemp's ridley turtles
C) Loggerhead turtles
D) Green turtles (Chelonia mydas)
  • 16. Which of the following events occurred in December 2017 around Cocos Island?
A) The sighting of a blue whale.
B) The discovery of a new coral species.
C) A female tiger shark killed a New Yorker while scuba diving.
D) An earthquake affecting the island's marine life.
  • 17. In what year was Cocos Island annexed by Costa Rica?
A) 1970
B) 1832
C) 1897
D) 1863
  • 18. What decree number did the Constitutional Assembly of Costa Rica use to annex Cocos Island?
A) 27
B) 54
C) 12
D) 10
  • 19. Until when did whalers regularly stop at Cocos Island?
A) late 18th century
B) mid-19th century
C) early 19th century
D) early 20th century
  • 20. What replaced whale oil for lighting, leading to a decline in whaling visits?
A) solar power
B) electricity
C) inexpensive kerosene
D) gasoline
  • 21. Which ship marooned 426 Tongan former slaves on Cocos Island in October 1863?
A) Costa Rica
B) Tumbes
C) Adelante
D) Cocos Explorer
  • 22. What disease did the Tongan former slaves contract, leading to their marooning?
A) cholera
B) typhoid fever
C) smallpox
D) influenza
  • 23. How many survivors were found when the Tumbes arrived to rescue the marooned Tongans?
A) 200
B) 100
C) 426
D) 38
  • 24. Who was named the first Governor of Cocos Island in 1897?
A) Carlos Alvarado
B) John Smith
C) August Gissler
D) Juan Mora Fernández
  • 25. What type of adventurer and treasure hunter was August Gissler?
A) Spanish
B) British
C) German
D) French
  • 26. On what date was Cocos Island incorporated administratively as the eleventh district of Puntarenas canton?
A) February 5, 2006
B) May 12, 1970
C) 1897
D) October 1863
  • 27. What executive decree number incorporated Cocos Island administratively?
A) 12
B) 10
C) 54
D) 27
  • 28. What is the postal code of Cocos Island as a district?
A) 20002
B) 10001
C) 30003
D) 60110
  • 29. How many residents live on Cocos Island, and what is their occupation?
A) 33 Costa Rican park rangers
B) 100 tourists
C) 50 fishermen
D) 75 scientists
  • 30. In which election were the island's residents allowed to vote for the first time?
A) 1897 local elections
B) May 12, 1970, election
C) Costa Rica's February 5, 2006, election
D) October 1863 referendum
  • 31. Are the park rangers considered permanent residents of Cocos Island?
A) No
B) Yes
C) They are only temporary visitors
D) Only during their service period
  • 32. What is the official Spanish name for Cocos Island?
A) Isla del Coco
B) Isla de Costa Rica
C) Isla de Puntarenas
D) Isla del Pacífico
  • 33. Approximately how far is Cocos Island from the Costa Rican mainland?
A) 550 km southwest
B) 450 km northeast
C) 300 km southeast
D) 700 km northwest
  • 34. In which province and canton of Costa Rica is Cocos Island located?
A) Province of Puntarenas, Canton of Puntarenas
B) Province of Heredia, Canton of Heredia
C) Province of Limón, Canton of Limón
D) Province of Alajuela, Canton of Alajuela
  • 35. What is the approximate area of Cocos Island?
A) 23.85 km²
B) 10 km²
C) 50 km²
D) 35 km²
  • 36. When was Cocos Island designated as a Costa Rican National Park?
A) 1997
B) 2000
C) 1978
D) 1985
  • 37. Who is believed to have discovered Cocos Island in 1526?
A) Christopher Columbus
B) Hernán Cortés
C) Fernando de Magallanes
D) Juan de Cabezas
  • 38. Which explorer anchored his ships Discovery and Chatham in what is now called Chatham Bay?
A) Vasco Núñez de Balboa
B) Francisco Pizarro
C) George Vancouver
D) James Cook
  • 39. When did Cocos Island become a UNESCO World Heritage Site?
A) 2010
B) 2000
C) 1985
D) 1997
  • 40. What is the typical duration of a sea voyage to reach Cocos Island?
A) 48 to 72 hours
B) 12 to 24 hours
C) 24 to 36 hours
D) 36 to 48 hours
  • 41. What is the name of the map painted on parchment that first mentioned 'Isle de Coques'?
A) Map of Vespucci
B) Map of Henry II
C) Map of Magellan
D) Map of Columbus
  • 42. Which atlas shows Cocos Island right on the Equator?
A) Mercator's World Map
B) Ptolemy's Geographia
C) Ortelius' Theatrum Orbis Terrarum
D) Willem Blaeu's Grand Atlas
  • 43. What did George Vancouver leave on Cocos Island before departing?
A) A statue of himself
B) An inscription with the date of arrival, names of ships, and commanders cut on a rock
C) A time capsule
D) A flagpole with the British flag
  • 44. Which publication stated in 1891 that there was little known about the fauna and flora of Cocos Island?
A) Science Magazine
B) Nature
C) National Geographic
D) The American Naturalist
  • 45. Who was the first person to claim treasure buried on Cocos Island?
A) Captain Bennett Graham
B) Aeneas Mackintosh
C) Mary Welch
D) Benito Bonito
  • 46. Who was the British trader associated with the Treasure of Lima legend?
A) José de la Serna
B) Aeneas Mackintosh
C) Captain William Thompson
D) August Gissler
  • 47. Which organization designated Cocos Island as a World Heritage Site in 1997?
A) UNESCO
B) New7Wonders of the World Foundation
C) Professional Association of Diving Instructors
D) Costa Rican government
  • 48. What is one popular dive spot on Cocos Island known for hammerhead sharks?
A) Bajo Alcyone
B) Wafer Bay
C) Dos Amigos Grande
D) Manuelina Garden
  • 49. Which oceanographer called Cocos Island 'the most beautiful island in the world'?
A) Aeneas Mackintosh
B) Jacques Cousteau
C) August Gissler
D) Captain William Thompson
  • 50. What is strictly prohibited by the Costa Rican government on Cocos Island?
A) Tourism
B) Fishing
C) Treasure hunting
D) Scuba diving
  • 51. Which pirate terrorized the west coast of the Americas around 1818?
A) Captain Bennett Graham
B) Benito Bonito
C) Aeneas Mackintosh
D) Captain William Thompson
  • 52. What was the size of the expanded marine zone designated as a World Heritage Site in 2002?
A) 750 km2
B) 3,000 km2
C) 500 km2
D) 1,997 km2 (771 sq mi)
  • 53. What is the name of the coral garden dive spot on Cocos Island?
A) Wafer Bay
B) Manuelina Garden
C) Bajo Alcyone
D) Dos Amigos Grande
  • 54. Which explorer launched a treasure-hunting expedition to Cocos in 1910?
A) Aeneas Mackintosh
B) August Gissler
C) Benito Bonito
D) Captain William Thompson
  • 55. What type of marine life is abundant in the waters around Cocos Island?
A) Coral reefs
B) Large pelagic fish species
C) Seagrass beds
D) Small reef fish
  • 56. Who announced the expansion of the Galápagos Marine Reserve in 2022?
A) Director of WWF
B) Ecuadorean President Guillermo Lasso
C) UN Environment Programme
D) President of Costa Rica
  • 57. What is the name of the marine reserve that connects with Cocos Island?
A) Pacific Marine Reserve
B) Galápagos Marine Reserve
C) Hermandad Marine Reserve
D) Cocos Marine Reserve
  • 58. What is the primary composition of Cocos Island's rocks?
A) Basalt
B) Limestone
C) Sandstone
D) Granite
  • 59. What type of climate does Cocos Island have?
A) Mediterranean climate
B) Tropical rainforest climate
C) Temperate oceanic climate
D) Desert climate
  • 60. Which current influences the climate of Cocos Island?
A) North Equatorial Countercurrent
B) Kuroshio Current
C) California Current
D) Gulf Stream
  • 61. What is the average annual rainfall on Cocos Island?
A) Around 5,000 mm (196 in)
B) Over 7,000 mm (276 in)
C) Under 3,000 mm (118 in)
D) Approximately 9,000 mm (354 in)
  • 62. What type of forests are found on Cocos Island?
A) Savanna
B) Temperate deciduous forests
C) Dense tropical moist forests
D) Tundra
  • 63. How did the flora and fauna arrive at Cocos Island?
A) By human introduction
B) Via long-distance dispersal from the Americas
C) From volcanic activity
D) Through land bridges during ice ages
  • 64. What is unique about the cloud forests on Cocos Island?
A) They are found at sea level.
B) They are unique in the eastern Pacific.
C) They have no endemic species.
D) They are similar to those in Europe.
  • 65. What type of soil is predominant on Cocos Island?
A) Mollisols
B) Entisols
C) Spodosols
D) Alfisols
  • 66. How many known species of flowering plants are there on Cocos Island?
A) 235
B) 90
C) 70
D) 128
  • 67. What percentage of the flowering plant species on Cocos Island is endemic?
A) 10%
B) Approximately 29.8%
C) 50%
D) 75%
  • 68. What is the predominant tree in the coastal forests of Cocos Island?
A) Purple coral tree (Erythrina fusca)
B) Avocado (Ocotea insularis)
C) Melastoma spp.
D) Palo de hierro (Sacoglottis holdridgei)
  • 69. Up to what elevation do the coastal forests on Cocos Island extend?
A) 500 m
B) 1600 ft
C) 1000 m
D) 50 m
  • 70. Which plant family is not mentioned as part of the understory in the coastal forests?
A) Solanaceae
B) Leguminosae
C) Asteraceae
D) Rubiaceae
  • 71. Which tree is endemic to the inland forests of Cocos Island?
A) Coconut palm (Cocos nucifera)
B) Palo de hierro (Sacoglottis holdridgei)
C) Cecropia pittieri
D) Purple coral tree (Erythrina fusca)
  • 72. What type of plants are festooned at all levels in the inland forests?
A) Aquatic plants
B) Epiphytic plants
C) Carnivorous plants
D) Succulents
  • 73. Which palm is common in the inland forests of Cocos Island?
A) Phoenix dactylifera
B) Washingtonia filifera
C) Sabal palmetto
D) Euterpe precatoria
  • 74. Who theorized that pre-European man cleared areas on Cocos Island for coconut plantations?
A) Alexander von Humboldt
B) Thor Heyerdahl
C) Captain Wafer
D) Charles Darwin
  • 75. What type of navigation was used in pre-Columbian voyages according to Thor Heyerdahl?
A) GPS navigation
B) Celestial navigation
C) Guara navigation
D) Magnetic compass navigation
  • 76. Which species is predominant in the cloud forests of Cocos Island?
A) Sacoglottis holdridgei
B) Melastoma spp.
C) Cocos nucifera
D) Erythrina fusca
  • 77. How many species of ferns and fern allies have been reported on Cocos Island?
A) 74
B) 128
C) 41
D) 90
  • 78. Which family does the pond-apple tree belong to?
A) Annonaceae
B) Solanaceae
C) Malvaceae
D) Rubiaceae
  • 79. What was the outcome of the auction for confiscated goods from the Tiuna?
A) The auction raised significant funds for protection
B) It proceeded as planned without interruption
C) It was stopped immediately after a request by the ship's spokesman
D) The goods were returned to the poachers
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