A) have thinner hippocampal gyri B) have smaller frontal lobes C) all of the above D) tend to weight less E) have larger ventricles
A) orbitofrontal cortex B) amygdala C) hippocampus D) ventromedial prefrontal cortex E) dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
A) none of the above B) temporal C) frontal D) parietal E) occipital
A) complex dendritic organization; fewer synapses than normal B) simple dendritic organization; fewer synapses than normal C) simple dendritic organization; more synapses than normal D) complex dendritic organization; more synapses than normal
A) multimodal neurons; amygdala; temporal B) dopamine receptors; basal ganglia; frontal C) pyramidal neurons; hippocampus; frontal D) sensory neurons; primary motor cortex; parietal
A) cerebellum B) basal ganglia C) tectum D) tegmental area E) PAG
A) acute; negative B) chronic; negative C) acute; positive D) chronic; positive
A) structural abnormalities; less B) a dopaminergic dysfunction; less C) structural abnormalities; more D) a dopaminergic dysfunction; more
A) a dopaminergic dysfunction; poorly B) structural abnormalities; better C) a dopaminergic dysfunction; better D) structural abnormalities; poorly
A) 10 B) 30 C) 50 D) 75 E) 15
A) norepinepherine B) serotonin C) testosterone and estrogen D) GABA and glutamate E) all of the above
A) heightened; increased B) less; decreased C) less; increased D) heightened; decreased
A) All of the above are true. B) BDNF dysfucntion may adverseley affect monoamine systems through the loss of either neurons or synapses. C) BDNF is upregulated by antidepressant medication. D) BDNF acts to enhanve the growth and survival or neurons and synapses. E) BDNF is downregulated by stress.
A) negative affect B) anhedonia C) loss of interest D) chronic stress E) sleep difficulty
A) amygdala B) medial thalamus C) orbitofrontal D) dorsolateral and medial prefrontal
A) medial thalamus B) orbitofrontal regions C) amygdala D) all of the above
A) hippocampus B) amygdala C) none of the above D) prefrontal cortex E) hypothalamus
A) HPA axis; dorsolateral regions B) dorsolateral regions; HPA axis C) HPA axis; orbitofrontal cortex D) orbitofrontal cortex; HPA axis
A) orbitofrontal B) amygdala C) dorsolateral D) HPA axis
A) rumination B) emotional processing C) memory and attentional processing D) sleep
A) False B) True C) I have no idea. D) Um...waffles?
A) Tourette's syndrome B) Dementia C) Alzheimer's disease D) Kluver Bucy syndrome E) Huntington's chorea
A) thinning of the cerebral cortex B) apraxia, aphasia, and agnosias C) shrinkage of the cerebral cortex D) death of GABA and Acetylcholine neurons in the basal ganglia E) atrophied basal ganglia with loss of intrinsic neurons and an imbalance of neurotransmitter symptoms
A) ACh and GABA neurons die in the cortex. B) all of the above C) ACh and GABA neurons die in the Basal Ganglia. D) none of the above E) ACh and GABA neurons die in the Substantia Nigra.
A) reduction of activity and interest B) problems of recent memory and information processing C) vocal tics, echolalia, coprolalia, and motor tics D) inability to sustain muscle contraction or tongue protrusion E) progressively worse restless involuntary movements
A) all of the above B) none of the above C) memory tests D) visual, auditory, and tactile perceptual tests E) frontal-lobe tests
A) 1. multiple tics 2. multiple tics and inarticulate cries 3. articulated words and multiple tics B) 1. articulated words 2. inarticulate cries 3. multiple tics C) 1. inarticulate cries 2. articulated words 3. multiple tics
A) Tourette's syndrome is less common than previously expected. B) Tourette's syndrome does not have neurosis or psychosis. C) Tourette's syndrome usually begins between 2 and 15 years old D) Tourette's syndrome has a familial/genetic basis. E) Tourette's syndrome has life long symptoms.
A) acetylcholine; basal ganglia B) dopaminergic; basal ganglia C) dopaminergic; cerebellum D) acetylcholine; cerebellum
A) Korsakoff's syndrome B) Neurosyphillis C) Multiple Sclerosis D) Alzheimer's disease E) AIDS
A) Vascular B) Infectious C) Multiple Sclerosis D) Alzheimer's disease E) Korsakoff's
A) posterior patietal areas, inferior temporal cortex, and the limbic cortex B) occipital areas, superior temporal suclus, and the somatosensory cortex C) the primary motor cortex, the parahippocampal formation, and the entorhinal cortex D) the blueberries, the apples, and the oranges
A) dendritic arborization related to widespread cortical atrophy B) increased concentrations of amyloid plaques in the cerebral cortex C) none of the above D) all of the above E) neurofibrillary tangles in the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus
A) orbitofrontal cortex B) insula C) superior temporal sulcus D) hypothalamus E) entorhinal cortex
A) genetics B) trace metals C) immune reactions D) watermelon E) abnormal proteins |