- 1. Ecology is the study of the relationships between living organisms, including humans, and their physical environment. It examines how organisms interact with each other and their surroundings in complex ecosystems, and how these interactions influence the health and balance of the environment. Ecology plays a crucial role in understanding biodiversity, conservation, climate change, and sustainability, as well as in informing decision-making processes to protect and enhance the natural world for future generations.
Which of the following is an example of a decomposer?
A) Deer
B) Fungi
C) Grasshoppers
D) Raccoon
- 2. What is the process by which water is absorbed by plant roots and released as vapor into the atmosphere?
A) Respiration
B) Evaporation
C) Transpiration
D) Photosynthesis
A) The variety of life forms in an ecosystem.
B) The rate of photosynthesis in plants.
C) The number of humans in an area.
D) The amount of water present in the environment.
- 4. In which ecosystem would you most likely find a coral reef?
A) Desert
B) Tundra
C) Marine
D) Grassland
- 5. Which of the following is a renewable resource?
A) Coal
B) Natural gas
C) Solar energy
D) Oil
- 6. What is the term for the process where nitrogen is converted between its various chemical forms in the environment?
A) Nitrogen cycle
B) Sulfur bonding
C) Oxygenation
D) Carbon footprint
- 7. What is the greenhouse effect?
A) The trapping of heat in the Earth's atmosphere by greenhouse gases.
B) The process of creating artificial greenhouses.
C) The depletion of the ozone layer.
D) The cooling of the Earth's surface.
- 8. Which of the following is a major cause of biodiversity loss?
A) Habitat destruction
B) Ecological restoration
C) Climate change
D) Pesticide use
- 9. What process involves the transfer of carbon between living organisms and the atmosphere?
A) Photosynthesis
B) Precipitation
C) Decomposition
D) Cellular respiration
- 10. What is biomagnification?
A) The increasing concentration of toxic substances in organisms as trophic levels increase.
B) The recycling of organic matter in an ecosystem.
C) The spread of non-toxic substances in ecosystems.
D) The process of creating new ecosystems.
- 11. What is the relationship where one organism benefits and the other is unaffected?
A) Parasitism
B) Commensalism
C) Competition
D) Mutualism
- 12. What is the relationship in which one organism benefits at the expense of another?
A) Mutualism
B) Parasitism
C) Predation
D) Commensalism
- 13. What is the process by which an ecosystem is restored to its original condition?
A) Ecological restoration
B) Urbanization
C) Pollution
D) Deforestation
- 14. Which of the following describes the gradual change in species composition over time in an ecosystem?
A) Succession
B) Adaptation
C) Mutation
D) Extinction
- 15. What is a group of organisms of the same species living in a particular geographic area?
A) Community
B) Ecosystem
C) Biome
D) Population
- 16. Which of the following is a consequence of habitat destruction?
A) Increase in animal populations.
B) Growth of forests.
C) Decrease in carbon dioxide levels.
D) Loss of biodiversity.
A) Healthy environment maintenance.
B) The increase of biodiversity in an area.
C) The natural mix of substances in an environment.
D) The release of harmful substances into the environment.
- 18. Which of the following terms describes the range of conditions under which an organism can survive and reproduce?
A) Population
B) Habitat
C) Niche
D) Ecosystem
- 19. Which biome is characterized by long, cold winters and coniferous trees?
A) Desert
B) Taiga
C) Grassland
D) Tropical Rainforest
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