East St. Louis massacre - Quiz
East St
  • 1. Where was the mass meeting held on July 12 where Samuel Gompers spoke about the massacre?
A) St. Louis City Hall
B) Carnegie Hall
C) The White House
D) Chicago Convention Center
  • 2. What position did Samuel Gompers hold during the time of the massacre?
A) Attorney General of the United States
B) President of the United States
C) President of the American Federation of Labor
D) Governor of Illinois
  • 3. What was Theodore Roosevelt's primary stance regarding Gompers' call for an investigation before assigning blame?
A) He argued that murder must be answered immediately
B) He agreed that a long investigation was necessary
C) He suggested the labor unions were blameless
D) He refused to speak on the matter publicly
  • 4. Which congressman requested a federal investigation into the massacre?
A) Samuel Gompers
B) Woodrow Wilson
C) Theodore Roosevelt
D) Leonidas C. Dyer
  • 5. What was President Woodrow Wilson's reason for declining a federal investigation on July 28?
A) Lack of evidence to justify federal action
B) He was occupied with World War I preparations
C) He did not believe a massacre occurred
D) He was advised by the military to stay out of it
  • 6. Who was helping local officials in East St. Louis according to Woodrow Wilson?
A) The attorney general of the State of Illinois
B) The United States Army
C) The governor of New York
D) A private investigation firm
  • 7. When did the hearings before the Committee on Rules and the House of Representatives begin?
A) July 28, 1917
B) August 3, 1917
C) July 12, 1917
D) October 12, 1917
  • 8. How did the lack of a full federal investigation affect the Black community?
A) It led to a mass protest in Washington
B) It damaged Black morale
C) It resulted in the resignation of the mayor
D) It caused an increase in local police funding
  • 9. How many total people did the state try in October for crimes related to the massacre?
A) 10
B) 25
C) 50
D) 35
  • 10. Which woman survived an attack to testify against the men who killed her family?
A) Elizabeth Clark
B) Lena Cook
C) Sarah Bundy
D) Mary Wilson
  • 11. What was the name of the white merchant killed by a bullet that passed through Lurizza Beard?
A) Leo Keane
B) Scott Clark
C) Herbert Wood
D) William Keyser
  • 12. What sentence did Dow and Hanna receive after being convicted of murder?
A) Death sentence
B) 5 years
C) 15 years
D) 14 years
  • 13. What was Harry Robinson convicted of after pleading guilty?
A) Homicide
B) Conspiracy to riot
C) Incitement to murder
D) Arson
  • 14. Who was the Black man lynched by Herbert Wood and Leo Keane?
A) Ed Cook
B) William Keyser
C) Scott Clark
D) Lurizza Beard
  • 15. What prison sentence was eventually given to Herbert Wood and Leo Keane for the lynching of Scott Clark?
A) Death
B) 14 years
C) 5 years
D) Life imprisonment
  • 16. What was the profession of Dr. LeRoy Bundy?
A) Dentist
B) Lawyer
C) Journalist
D) Labor leader
  • 17. What was Dr. LeRoy Bundy formally charged with?
A) Assault
B) Inciting a riot
C) Murder
D) Conspiracy to steal
  • 18. Where was Dr. LeRoy Bundy's trial held?
A) Cook County, Illinois
B) Washington, D.C.
C) St. Clair County, Illinois
D) New York City
  • 19. Who was identified as a key ringleader of the riots and sentenced to five years?
A) LeRoy Bundy
B) Richard Brockway
C) Harry Robinson
D) Leo Keane
  • 20. How many white defendants were included in the group of 35 people convicted alongside Dr. Bundy?
A) 10
B) 5
C) 25
D) 15
  • 21. How many African Americans did the police chief estimate were killed during the riot?
A) 39
B) 150
C) 100
D) 200
  • 22. How many white people did the Congressional investigating committee report had died?
A) 9
B) 100
C) At least 8
D) 39
  • 23. How many African Americans did the Congressional investigating committee report had died?
A) 39
B) 150
C) 8
D) 100
  • 24. Why did activists argue that the true number of deaths would never be known?
A) Many corpses were not recovered or did not go through undertakers
B) The burial sites were never mapped
C) Records were intentionally destroyed by the government
D) The coroner refused to keep records
  • 25. Approximately how many African Americans were left homeless after their neighborhoods were burned?
A) 8,000
B) 4,000
C) 10,000
D) 6,000
  • 26. Where did the Silent Parade protesting the riot take place?
A) Chicago
B) East St. Louis
C) New York City
D) Washington D.C.
  • 27. Who organized the Silent Parade in New York City?
A) The Chamber of Commerce
B) The NAACP
C) The police department
D) The UNIA
  • 28. In what publication were photographs of the riot's destruction published in September 1917?
A) The Crisis
B) The Chicago Defender
C) The Nation
D) The New York Times
  • 29. How many houses were reported to have been burned during the riot?
A) 100
B) 44
C) 312
D) 6,000
  • 30. What was the total property damage estimated to be?
A) $10.05 million
B) $50,000
C) $400,000
D) $100,000
  • 31. What type of building valued at over $100,000 was destroyed during the riot?
A) A warehouse
B) A church
C) A theatre
D) A school
  • 32. Who described the 1917 riot as the 'worst case of labor-related violence in 20th-century American history'?
A) The Central Trades and Labor Union president
B) Marcus Garvey
C) Fred Mollman
D) Robert Fitch
  • 33. What primary global event created a labor shortage in industrial cities in 1917?
A) World War I
B) The Spanish-American War
C) The Great Depression
D) The Industrial Revolution
  • 34. What was the name of the movement where African Americans moved from the rural South to the North?
A) The Northern Expansion
B) The Southern Exodus
C) The Jim Crow Flight
D) The Great Migration
  • 35. Which industry mentioned in the text operated in East St. Louis?
A) Textile milling
B) Automobile manufacturing
C) Coal mining
D) Aluminum Ore Company
  • 36. Who was the mayor of East St. Louis during the period of labor tension mentioned in the text?
A) Robert Fitch
B) Fred Mollman
C) John Smith
D) Marcus Garvey
  • 37. In the summer of 1916, white meatpacking employees went on strike; how many Black workers were ultimately retained by the companies?
A) 800
B) 2,000
C) 200
D) 2,500
  • 38. Which official called in the National Guard to suppress the violence in May?
A) John Walker
B) Samuel Coppedge
C) Frank Wadley
D) Governor Frank Orren Lowden
  • 39. According to the State Council of Defense report, why did many Black migrants come to East St. Louis?
A) Government relocation programs
B) Invitation from local labor unions
C) To escape natural disasters
D) False advertisements and unscrupulous employment agents
  • 40. Who were the two police officers killed after entering the Black area on July 1?
A) Samuel Coppedge and Frank Wadley
B) None of the above
C) Hugh Wood and a local journalist
D) John Walker and Frank Orren
  • 41. What action did white rioters take to prevent the fire department from stopping the blazes?
A) They blocked the streets with cars
B) They burned the fire station
C) They cut the water hoses
D) They stole the fire engines
  • 42. What gruesome incident was reported in The Crisis involving a butcher knife?
A) Decapitation
B) Amputation of limbs
C) Stabbing of a child
D) Severe facial scarring
  • 43. How old was the girl described in The Crisis who was forced off a trolley?
A) 16
B) 10
C) 12
D) 8
  • 44. What were white spectators looking at on July 2 before they began rioting?
A) The burning fire station
B) A protest march
C) The hanging of a Black man
D) The detectives' bloodstained automobile
  • 45. Approximately how many people sought refuge in city buildings during the events?
A) 3,000
B) 10,000
C) 500
D) 1,500
  • 46. According to numerous witnesses, what did the National Guard do upon arriving?
A) Initially joined in the attacks
B) Refused to leave their barracks
C) Helped the refugees escape
D) Immediately restored order
  • 47. What specifically did rioters do to prevent photographic documentation?
A) Confiscated the film
B) Locked photographers in jail
C) Bribed them to leave
D) Destroyed their cameras
  • 48. Who did the Red Cross Emergency Committee meet with daily to discuss refugee aid?
A) Acting Mayor Aloe
B) The police chief
C) The Governor
D) The military commander
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