Sociology of gender - Quiz
  • 1. What does masculinity refer to according to the text?
A) Biologically determined.
B) Inherently linked to a specific sexual orientation.
C) A performed gender identity that is socially constructed.
D) The same as male sex.
  • 2. What did West & Zimmerman emphasize about gender?
A) Gender does not require performance.
B) Gender is biologically fixed.
C) Gender is maintained through accountability.
D) Gender is unrelated to social interaction.
  • 3. What is hegemonic masculinity?
A) An alternative form of masculinity embraced by all genders.
B) A type of masculinity that all men can easily achieve.
C) The dominant form of masculinity in a society, constructed in opposition to femininity.
D) A concept unrelated to gender performance.
  • 4. Which culture described by Michael Kimmel involves men feeling they deserve power and sex?
A) The Culture of Accountability.
B) The Culture of Protection.
C) The Culture of Entitlement.
D) The Culture of Silence.
  • 5. What behavior is emphasized in the socialization of hegemonic masculinity?
A) Avoidance of conflict.
B) Aggression to protect one's reputation.
C) Passivity and emotional expression.
D) Collaboration and empathy.
  • 6. How does media often represent men in the context of masculinity?
A) By portraying them as nurturing and emotionally expressive.
B) By glorifying physical force, daring demeanor, virility, and emotional distance.
C) Through depictions of vulnerability and dependence.
D) As passive and submissive.
  • 7. What is gender-based violence contextualized by?
A) Societal gender norms.
B) Biological differences between genders.
C) Individual personality traits.
D) Economic status.
  • 8. Who are disproportionally the offenders in violent crimes according to the text?
A) The elderly.
B) Women.
C) Men.
D) Children.
  • 9. What are the three social arenas where violence commonly takes place, as defined by the Declaration on the Elimination of Violence?
A) In the family, in the community, and by the state.
B) Online, offline, and in virtual reality.
C) During leisure activities, work, and travel.
D) In schools, workplaces, and public spaces.
  • 10. What unique challenge do women of color face regarding gender violence?
A) They are less likely to be victims of sexual assault.
B) They experience lower rates of domestic violence than the general population.
C) They have more access to support services compared to other groups.
D) Their experiences are often ignored by institutions and society.
  • 11. What movement addresses the disappearances and murders of Indigenous women?
A) The Gender Equality Initiative.
B) The Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women, Girls, and Two-Spirit movement.
C) The Global Feminist Movement.
D) The International Human Rights Organization.
  • 12. What are some of the prominent attitudes and behaviors of western hegemonic masculinity?
A) Indifference to societal norms and expectations.
B) Empathy, cooperation, humility, and emotional openness.
C) Power, sexual dominance, wealth, aggression, independence, and lack of emotion.
D) Submissiveness, dependency, and passivity.
  • 13. What does the Culture of Silence entail?
A) Men should not talk about certain behaviors like drinking or bullying to outsiders.
B) Fostering a culture of accountability and honesty.
C) Encouraging open discussions about masculinity with everyone.
D) Promoting transparency in all aspects of life.
  • 14. How does hegemonic masculinity relate to alternative masculinities?
A) It is dominant over all other gender identities, including alternative masculinities.
B) It coexists equally with alternative masculinities.
C) It has no relation to alternative masculinities.
D) It supports and encourages the expression of alternative masculinities.
  • 15. What role does media play in reinforcing hegemonic masculinity?
A) Media challenges traditional notions of masculinity.
B) Media portrays men as emotionally expressive and nurturing.
C) Media ignores the concept of masculinity entirely.
D) Media representations often glorify men's use of physical force, daring demeanor, and emotional distance.
  • 16. What is a significant barrier for women of color in reporting gender violence?
A) Abundance of support services in their communities.
B) Fear that police will not take their reports seriously.
C) Overwhelming societal encouragement to report.
D) High likelihood of receiving immediate justice.
  • 17. What is a common misconception about masculinity according to the text?
A) That it is inherently linked to being male or heterosexual.
B) That it is biologically determined.
C) That it requires no performance.
D) That it is unrelated to social interaction.
  • 18. How does hegemonic masculinity affect men's status in society?
A) Men have equal status without performing masculinity.
B) Status is unrelated to gender performance.
C) Men are automatically granted high status regardless of behavior.
D) A man's status depends on his performance of masculinity.
  • 19. What does the Culture of Protection imply about men's actions?
A) Communities often do not hold men responsible for questionable and illegal actions.
B) Men are always held accountable for their actions.
C) Men are encouraged to report each other's misconduct.
D) Men face severe consequences for any illegal behavior.
  • 20. What is a significant issue faced by indigenous women as highlighted in the text?
A) They are often victims of disappearances, abuse, and murders that law enforcement fails to address.
B) Their issues are prioritized over other groups.
C) They have high levels of protection from law enforcement.
D) They face fewer challenges compared to other women.
  • 21. What is a common theme in contemporary rap music regarding masculinity?
A) Encouraging peaceful coexistence and empathy.
B) Boasting about sexual conquests, wealth, power, and violence.
C) Promoting gender equality and emotional vulnerability.
D) Ignoring themes of masculinity altogether.
  • 22. What is a key factor in the perpetuation of gender-based violence?
A) It occurs randomly without any social context.
B) It involves power, control, and domination within socially constructed dynamics.
C) It is solely based on individual personality traits.
D) It is unrelated to societal norms.
  • 23. What does the text suggest about the intersection of gender violence and racial identity?
A) Gender violence can create a unique intersectional experience for victims, particularly women of color.
B) Women of all races experience gender violence equally.
C) Only white women face challenges related to gender violence.
D) Racial identity has no impact on experiences of gender violence.
  • 24. What is a common workplace issue faced by women of color according to the text?
A) They have extensive legal and union protections.
B) They face fewer workplace challenges than other groups.
C) They are often in abusive domestic working positions with few protections.
D) Their workplaces are generally safe and supportive.
  • 25. What was nearly impossible for women to achieve in pre-existing news media outlets?
A) Climbing the corporate hierarchy
B) Publishing fiction stories
C) Working as journalists without any bias
D) Writing articles about men's issues
  • 26. Which Sustainable Development Goal is associated with the UN Women Media Compact?
A) Sustainable Development Goal #13
B) Sustainable Development Goal #7
C) Sustainable Development Goal #3
D) Sustainable Development Goal #5
  • 27. Which language uses the word 'Geschlecht' to refer both to grammatical gender and biological sex?
A) English
B) Spanish
C) German
D) French
  • 28. Which term is more commonly used in German to refer to 'gender role'?
A) Sex
B) Geschlechtsidentität
C) Geschlechterrolle
D) Biologisches Geschlecht
  • 29. What is the term used in English that refers to unrealistic standards of beauty for women, as discussed by Naomi Wolf?
A) Gender Norms
B) Beauty Standards
C) Cultural Aesthetics
D) The Beauty Myth
  • 30. What cultural factor creates gender roles in Western culture according to the text?
A) Political systems
B) Cultural values
C) Economic status
D) Biological differences
  • 31. What is the term used to describe men portrayed as dominant in mainstream media?
A) Androgyny
B) Hetero-masculinity
C) Femininity
D) Gender fluidity
  • 32. Who coined the term 'gender role'?
A) John Money
B) Betty Friedan
C) Pauli Murray
D) Judith Butler
  • 33. What book by Betty Friedan ignited the women's liberation movement in the 1960s?
A) The Second Sex
B) The Feminine Mystique
C) Gender Trouble
D) A Room of One's Own
  • 34. Which feminist theory argues that capitalism strengthens patriarchy?
A) Cultural feminism
B) Liberal feminism
C) Socialist feminism
D) Radical feminism
  • 35. Which wave of feminism focused primarily on women's suffrage?
A) Second-wave feminism
B) Third-wave feminism
C) First-wave feminism
D) Fourth-wave feminism
  • 36. Which wave of feminism began in 2013?
A) First-wave feminism
B) Fourth-wave feminism
C) Second-wave feminism
D) Third-wave feminism
  • 37. Which feminist theory seeks to expand equality by removing societal barriers?
A) Socialist feminism
B) Radical feminism
C) Liberal feminism
D) Cultural feminism
  • 38. Who is considered the primary agent of socialization for children in terms of gender?
A) Parents
B) Media
C) Peers
D) Teachers
  • 39. By what age do many children acquire a firm sense of themselves as male or female?
A) One year old
B) Three years old
C) Ten years old
D) Five years old
  • 40. In what year did Erving Goffman find similar results to male dominance in conversation within hospitals?
A) 1961
B) 1972
C) 1977
D) 2001
  • 41. Who conducted research on university discussion groups and found that males tend to dominate conversations?
A) The text does not specify
B) Erving Goffman
C) Elizabeth Aries
D) Rosabeth Kanter
  • 42. What term describes the invisible barrier preventing women from advancing in their careers?
A) Glass ceiling
B) Glass escalator
C) Pay gap
D) Occupational segregation
  • 43. What percentage of men's earnings do women typically earn in the workplace?
A) 100%
B) 77%
C) 90%
D) 50%
  • 44. Which phenomenon involves women performing most unpaid childcare and household work?
A) Gender pay gap
B) Glass ceiling
C) Occupational sexism
D) Double burden
  • 45. What was the name of the class action lawsuit against Wal-Mart for sexist hiring practices?
A) Goffman v. Hospitals
B) Aries v. Universities
C) Dukes v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.
D) Kanter v. Corporations
  • 46. What is one possible cause of the gender pay gap mentioned in the text?
A) Double burden
B) Glass ceiling
C) Occupational segregation
D) Class action lawsuits
  • 47. What is one positive health benefit of maternity leave for women in the US?
A) Enhancing workplace productivity
B) Reducing infant mortality rates
C) Increasing household income
D) Improving mother's mental health
  • 48. Who are the authors that critiqued models conceiving gender, race, and class as distinct axes?
A) Joan Acker and Evelyn Nakano Glenn
B) Durkheim and Weber
C) West & Fenstermaker
D) Marx and Engels
  • 49. What year did West & Fenstermaker publish their article 'Doing Difference'?
A) 1995
B) 2005
C) 1985
D) 2015
  • 50. How many gendered processes of intersectionality does Joan Acker outline?
A) Two
B) Three
C) Four
D) Five
  • 51. What is the role of Fa'afafine in Samoan society?
A) Individuals who reject all gender identities
B) Biological males who identify as females
C) Women who adopt male roles
D) Men who perform only traditional female tasks
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