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  • 1. For evidence to be admissible, it must be:
A) Relevant and material
B) Competent and credible
C) Material and voluntary
D) Relevant and competent
  • 2. Collateral matters are admissible when they tend to:
A) Confuse the issue
B) Disprove all evidence
C) Support witness credibility only
D) Establish probability or improbability of a fact in issue
  • 3. Real evidence is also called:
A) Object evidence
B) Demonstrative evidence
C) Secondary evidence
D) Oral evidence
  • 4. Real evidence is considered
A) Testimonial evidence
B) The weakest form of proof
C) The highest order of evidence
D) Circumstantial evidence
  • 5. Testimonial evidence refers to:
A) Circumstantial demonstration
B) Documentary proof
C) Objects presented to the court
D) Statements given by witnesses under oath
  • 6. The “best evidence rule” requires
A) Oral testimony of document contents
B) Presentation of the original document
C) Hearsay testimony
D) Submission of any copy
  • 7. Parol evidence rule applies to:
A) Electronic communications
B) Written contracts
C) Oral contracts
D) Testimonies only
  • 8. Documentary evidence refers to
A) Written documents presented in court
B) Oral declarations
C) Witness testimony
D) Objects and materials
  • 9. The “Res inter alios acta” rule means
A) Confidential evidence is protected
B) Admissions apply to all
C) Acts of others cannot prejudice another
D) Hearsay statements are valid
  • 10. Admission by silence means:
A) Silence is never an admission
B) Only verbal admissions are valid
C) Applies only to written statements
D) Failure to deny implies consent
  • 11. The “Mercy Rule” allows an accused to:
A) Avoid cross-examination
B) Withhold testimony
C) Prove innocence by silence
D) Prove good moral character pertinent to the offense
  • 12. Privileged communication is based on
A) Mutual understanding
B) Confidentiality and public policy
C) Common interest
D) Lack of relevance
  • 13. Marital privilege applies:
A) During or after marriage
B) Only if both spouses testify
C) Only before marriage
D) Only if requested by prosecution
  • 14. Spousal immunity can be invoked:
A) After marriage
B) Before marriage
C) By any relative
D) Only while the marriage subsists
  • 15. Filial privilege prevents:
A) Parents from testifying against neighbors
B) Priests from testifying
C) Teachers from testifying
D) A child from testifying against parents
  • 16. The priest-penitent privilege protects:
A) Anonymous statements
B) Public confessions
C) Confessions made in confidence during religious discipline
D) Gossip about religious leaders
  • 17. Physician-patient privilege aims to:
A) Disallow expert witnesses
B) Protect hospital reputation
C) Encourage full disclosure for treatment
D) Prevent medical records in court
  • 18. The “Best Evidence Rule” is also called:
A) Original document rule
B) Parol rule
C) Hearsay rule
D) Competency rule
  • 19. Demonstrative evidence is admissible
A) Based on speculation
B) Relevant and properly identified
C) Emotional
D) Cited by counsel
  • 20. Dying declaration is admissible only if:
A) Written by another person
B) Made in anticipation of death about its cause or circumstances
C) Made after survival
D) Made casually before death
  • 21. A witness must be:
A) Unavailable
B) Authorized by both parties
C) Competent and legally qualified
D) Neutral and quiet
  • 22. A competent witness is one who:
A) Can read and write
B) Is intelligent only
C) Can perceive, recollect, and communicate
D) Is related to the accused
  • 23. Confession refers to:
A) Declaration against interest
B) Recognition of guilt in a criminal case
C) Testimony about another’s guilt
D) Privileged statement
  • 24. Judicial admission is:
A) Statement made to police
B) Admission made in casual conversation
C) Out-of-court statement
D) Admission made in court pleadings
  • 25. An “extra-judicial admission” is:
A) Statement by a judge
B) Testimony made in trial
C) Admission made out of court
D) Confession under oath
  • 26. The rule of competency allows:
A) Only police officers to testify
B) Any legally qualified person to testify
C) No minors as witnesses
D) Only victims to testify
  • 27. Expert witnesses may testify if:
A) They have personal knowledge
B) They are court employees
C) They are relatives
D) They have special knowledge or skill
  • 28. DNA evidence is evaluated based on
A) Court preference
B) Proper collection, handling, and analysis
C) Source reliability only
D) Age of samples
  • 29. A confession is valid even if:
A) Made under torture
B) Anonymous
C) Forced
D) Oral or informal
  • 30. The “totality of circumstances” test evaluates:
A) Public opinion
B) Strength of documents
C) Quantity of witnesses
D) The certainty and reliability of witness identification
  • 31. Hearsay evidence is generally:
A) Allowed if written
B) Based on rumor
C) Inadmissible unless covered by exceptions
D) Always admissible
  • 32. The rule against hearsay aims to:
A) Shorten the trial
B) Exclude unreliable secondhand statements
C) Admit all statements
D) Support confessions
  • 33. An example of hearsay exception is
A) Dying declaration
B) Opinion testimony
C) Character evidence
D) Cross-examination
  • 34. An admission made under oath in another case is called:
A) Extra-judicial admission
B) Confession
C) Privileged declaration
D) Judicial admission
  • 35. A confession obtained through coercion is:
A) Valid if recorded
B) Acceptable
C) Inadmissible
D) Considered documentary evidence
  • 36. Character evidence is generally inadmissible to
A) Prove conduct on a specific occasion
B) Support credibility
C) Indicate intent
D) Show motive
  • 37. The "chain of custody" ensures:
A) Integrity of physical evidence
B) Admissibility of confessions
C) Witness credibility
D) Speedy trial
  • 38. A hostile witness is one who:
A) Refuses to testify
B) Shows bias or hostility toward the party calling him
C) Lies under oath
D) Lacks knowledge
  • 39. The burden of proof lies with:
A) The prosecution
B) The witness
C) The defense
D) The judge
  • 40. The quantum of proof in criminal cases is:
A) Preponderance of evidence
B) Probable cause
C) Substantial evidence
D) Proof beyond reasonable doubt
  • 41. The rule that requires the original document to be presented is:
A) Best Evidence Rule
B) Res Inter Alios Acta
C) Parol Evidence Rule
D) Hearsay Rule
  • 42. A statement made in anticipation of death is
A) Admission
B) Confession
C) Judicial declaration
D) Dying Inside to Hold you
E) Dying Declaration
  • 43. A person who gives evidence in court is called:
A) Complainant
B) Expert
C) Judge Nono
D) Witness
E) Judge
  • 44. The ability of a witness to observe and communicate is called:
A) Credibility
B) Intelligence
C) Competency
D) Reliability
  • 45. The rule preventing the use of oral statements to modify a written contract is:
A) Res Inter Alios Acta
B) Best Evidence Rule
C) Hearsay Rule
D) Parol Evidence Rule
  • 46. A privilege preventing testimony between husband and wife is called:
A) Parental Privilege
B) Physician Privilege
C) Marital Privilege
D) Priest Privilege
  • 47. The privilege protecting communications between doctor and patient is:
A) Professional Privilege
B) Parental Privilege
C) Client-Lawyer Privilege
D) Marital Privilege
E) Physician-Patient Privilege
  • 48. The privilege that protects religious confessions is:
A) Teacher-Student Privilege
B) Doctor-Patient Privilege
C) Spiritual Privilege
D) Spousal Privilege
E) Priest-Penitent Privilege
  • 49. The rule stating that the acts of others cannot prejudice a person is:
A) Exa Sec To
B) Hearsay Rule
C) Parol Evidence Rule
D) Best Evidence Rule
E) Res Inter Alios Acta Rule
  • 50. The rule allowing statements made against one’s own interest to be admissible is:
A) Dying against declaration
B) Parol rule evidence
C) Admission by Silence
D) Declaration Against Interest
E) Opinion Rule
  • 51. Collateral matters are never admissible.
A) False
B) Maybe
C) True
  • 52. A confession can be oral or written.
A) True
B) False
C) Maybe
  • 53. The original document rule is the same as the best evidence rule.
A) Maybe
B) False
C) True
  • 54. Privileged communications promote public policy and confidentiality.
A) False
B) True
C) Maybe
  • 55. Hearsay evidence is generally admissible.
A) True
B) Maybe
C) False
  • 56. An oath is required for every witness before testifying.
A) False
B) Maybe
C) True
  • 57. A dying declaration must relate to the cause or circumstances of death.
A) False
B) Maybe
C) True
  • 58. Expert witnesses must rely only on personal knowledge
A) False
B) True
C) Maybe
  • 59. Spousal immunity can still apply after divorce.
A) Maybe
B) False
C) True
  • 60. Do you think my greatest love shall be mine again?
A) Gusto may mag mahal pero ayaw mag move on aray mo! Alam mo ha
B) Wala na tol wag kana umasa
C) No comback
D) Depende
E) Yes comback
  • 61. which of the following is considered a public or official record under Rule 130?
A) personal diary
B) a birth certificate issued by the local by the local civil registrar
C) an email exchange between private citizens
D) A company's internal memo
  • 62. what does the "mercy rule" generally refer to in the context of character evidence of a victim's good character.
A) the rule allowing the evidence of a defendant's good character to show they are unlikely to have committed the crime
B) The rule allowing evidence of a witness's merciful nature.
C) the rule allowing evidence of a defendant's good character to show they are unlikely to have committed the crim The rule prohibiting any character evidence in court
D) The rule prohibiting any character evidence in court
  • 63. What is the primary characteristic of "character as circumstantial evidence
A) It suggests a person acted in a certain way based on their general disposition.
B) It directly proves a key fact in the case.
C) It is only used to impeach a witness.
D) It is always inadmissible in court.
  • 64. Which of the following best describes the "res inter alios acta rule"
A) All evidence, regardless of its source, is admissible as long as it is relevant.
B) Evidence related to transactions or occurrences involving third parties is generally inadmissible.
C) Only documentary evidence is subject to this rule.
D) Evidence is admissible only if it directly involves the parties in the current case.
  • 65. What is the significance of "learned treatises" in legal evidence?
A) They can be used to cross-examine expert witnesses.
B) They are only relevant in medical malpractice cases
C) They are always admissible as direct evidence.
D) They are never admissible in court.
  • 66. When is "opinion rule" applicable in court?
A) When a witness speculates without factual basis.
B) All of the above
C) When an expert witness provides scientific or technical opinions.
D) When a lay witness offers opinions based on common knowledge.
  • 67. What is the primary purpose of the "reported testimony rule"
A) To exclude all prior testimonies from being admitted in court.
B) To permit the use of testimony given in a prior proceeding under certain conditions
C) To encourage witnesses to report crimes.
D) To allow hearsay evidence without any limitations.
  • 68. Which of the following scenarios involves "character as direct evidence"?
A) Offering evidence of a person's character when character is an essential element of a claim or defense.
B) Showing a person's reputation for recklessness to prove negligence.
C) Presenting evidence of a person's honesty to show they are a credible witness.
D) Introducing evidence of a defendant's violent tendencies to suggest they committed assault.
  • 69. What types of records are typically covered under "public or official records"
A) Personal letters stored in a government archive.
B) Internal memos of a private company.
C) Government agency documents available for public inspection.
D) Private contracts between individuals
  • 70. What is a "commercial list" as it pertains to evidence?
A) A catalog of products for sale online.
B) A list of businesses registered with the government.
C) A compilation of data used in a specific industry.
D) A list of items sold in a store.
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