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  • 1. For evidence to be admissible, it must be:
A) Competent and credible
B) Relevant and competent
C) Relevant and material
D) Material and voluntary
  • 2. Collateral matters are admissible when they tend to:
A) Disprove all evidence
B) Establish probability or improbability of a fact in issue
C) Confuse the issue
D) Support witness credibility only
  • 3. Real evidence is also called:
A) Oral evidence
B) Secondary evidence
C) Demonstrative evidence
D) Object evidence
  • 4. Real evidence is considered
A) The highest order of evidence
B) The weakest form of proof
C) Testimonial evidence
D) Circumstantial evidence
  • 5. Testimonial evidence refers to:
A) Objects presented to the court
B) Documentary proof
C) Circumstantial demonstration
D) Statements given by witnesses under oath
  • 6. The “best evidence rule” requires
A) Presentation of the original document
B) Hearsay testimony
C) Oral testimony of document contents
D) Submission of any copy
  • 7. Parol evidence rule applies to:
A) Written contracts
B) Testimonies only
C) Electronic communications
D) Oral contracts
  • 8. Documentary evidence refers to
A) Witness testimony
B) Objects and materials
C) Written documents presented in court
D) Oral declarations
  • 9. The “Res inter alios acta” rule means
A) Hearsay statements are valid
B) Acts of others cannot prejudice another
C) Confidential evidence is protected
D) Admissions apply to all
  • 10. Admission by silence means:
A) Silence is never an admission
B) Applies only to written statements
C) Failure to deny implies consent
D) Only verbal admissions are valid
  • 11. The “Mercy Rule” allows an accused to:
A) Prove good moral character pertinent to the offense
B) Prove innocence by silence
C) Avoid cross-examination
D) Withhold testimony
  • 12. Privileged communication is based on
A) Common interest
B) Confidentiality and public policy
C) Mutual understanding
D) Lack of relevance
  • 13. Marital privilege applies:
A) Only before marriage
B) During or after marriage
C) Only if requested by prosecution
D) Only if both spouses testify
  • 14. Spousal immunity can be invoked:
A) By any relative
B) Before marriage
C) After marriage
D) Only while the marriage subsists
  • 15. Filial privilege prevents:
A) Parents from testifying against neighbors
B) Priests from testifying
C) A child from testifying against parents
D) Teachers from testifying
  • 16. The priest-penitent privilege protects:
A) Public confessions
B) Gossip about religious leaders
C) Confessions made in confidence during religious discipline
D) Anonymous statements
  • 17. Physician-patient privilege aims to:
A) Protect hospital reputation
B) Encourage full disclosure for treatment
C) Prevent medical records in court
D) Disallow expert witnesses
  • 18. The “Best Evidence Rule” is also called:
A) Parol rule
B) Competency rule
C) Hearsay rule
D) Original document rule
  • 19. Demonstrative evidence is admissible
A) Relevant and properly identified
B) Based on speculation
C) Cited by counsel
D) Emotional
  • 20. Dying declaration is admissible only if:
A) Written by another person
B) Made after survival
C) Made casually before death
D) Made in anticipation of death about its cause or circumstances
  • 21. A witness must be:
A) Unavailable
B) Competent and legally qualified
C) Neutral and quiet
D) Authorized by both parties
  • 22. A competent witness is one who:
A) Can read and write
B) Can perceive, recollect, and communicate
C) Is related to the accused
D) Is intelligent only
  • 23. Confession refers to:
A) Recognition of guilt in a criminal case
B) Privileged statement
C) Testimony about another’s guilt
D) Declaration against interest
  • 24. Judicial admission is:
A) Admission made in casual conversation
B) Out-of-court statement
C) Statement made to police
D) Admission made in court pleadings
  • 25. An “extra-judicial admission” is:
A) Testimony made in trial
B) Statement by a judge
C) Confession under oath
D) Admission made out of court
  • 26. The rule of competency allows:
A) Only police officers to testify
B) No minors as witnesses
C) Any legally qualified person to testify
D) Only victims to testify
  • 27. Expert witnesses may testify if:
A) They are court employees
B) They have personal knowledge
C) They are relatives
D) They have special knowledge or skill
  • 28. DNA evidence is evaluated based on
A) Age of samples
B) Source reliability only
C) Court preference
D) Proper collection, handling, and analysis
  • 29. A confession is valid even if:
A) Forced
B) Oral or informal
C) Made under torture
D) Anonymous
  • 30. The “totality of circumstances” test evaluates:
A) The certainty and reliability of witness identification
B) Strength of documents
C) Quantity of witnesses
D) Public opinion
  • 31. Hearsay evidence is generally:
A) Allowed if written
B) Inadmissible unless covered by exceptions
C) Always admissible
D) Based on rumor
  • 32. The rule against hearsay aims to:
A) Exclude unreliable secondhand statements
B) Admit all statements
C) Shorten the trial
D) Support confessions
  • 33. An example of hearsay exception is
A) Cross-examination
B) Dying declaration
C) Opinion testimony
D) Character evidence
  • 34. An admission made under oath in another case is called:
A) Extra-judicial admission
B) Judicial admission
C) Confession
D) Privileged declaration
  • 35. A confession obtained through coercion is:
A) Acceptable
B) Inadmissible
C) Considered documentary evidence
D) Valid if recorded
  • 36. Character evidence is generally inadmissible to
A) Prove conduct on a specific occasion
B) Show motive
C) Support credibility
D) Indicate intent
  • 37. The "chain of custody" ensures:
A) Speedy trial
B) Witness credibility
C) Admissibility of confessions
D) Integrity of physical evidence
  • 38. A hostile witness is one who:
A) Refuses to testify
B) Lies under oath
C) Lacks knowledge
D) Shows bias or hostility toward the party calling him
  • 39. The burden of proof lies with:
A) The witness
B) The prosecution
C) The defense
D) The judge
  • 40. The quantum of proof in criminal cases is:
A) Substantial evidence
B) Preponderance of evidence
C) Probable cause
D) Proof beyond reasonable doubt
  • 41. The rule that requires the original document to be presented is:
A) Hearsay Rule
B) Best Evidence Rule
C) Res Inter Alios Acta
D) Parol Evidence Rule
  • 42. A statement made in anticipation of death is
A) Judicial declaration
B) Dying Inside to Hold you
C) Confession
D) Dying Declaration
E) Admission
  • 43. A person who gives evidence in court is called:
A) Witness
B) Complainant
C) Judge Nono
D) Expert
E) Judge
  • 44. The ability of a witness to observe and communicate is called:
A) Intelligence
B) Reliability
C) Competency
D) Credibility
  • 45. The rule preventing the use of oral statements to modify a written contract is:
A) Hearsay Rule
B) Best Evidence Rule
C) Res Inter Alios Acta
D) Parol Evidence Rule
  • 46. A privilege preventing testimony between husband and wife is called:
A) Marital Privilege
B) Priest Privilege
C) Parental Privilege
D) Physician Privilege
  • 47. The privilege protecting communications between doctor and patient is:
A) Parental Privilege
B) Physician-Patient Privilege
C) Client-Lawyer Privilege
D) Marital Privilege
E) Professional Privilege
  • 48. The privilege that protects religious confessions is:
A) Priest-Penitent Privilege
B) Doctor-Patient Privilege
C) Spiritual Privilege
D) Teacher-Student Privilege
E) Spousal Privilege
  • 49. The rule stating that the acts of others cannot prejudice a person is:
A) Exa Sec To
B) Res Inter Alios Acta Rule
C) Hearsay Rule
D) Parol Evidence Rule
E) Best Evidence Rule
  • 50. The rule allowing statements made against one’s own interest to be admissible is:
A) Dying against declaration
B) Parol rule evidence
C) Declaration Against Interest
D) Opinion Rule
E) Admission by Silence
  • 51. Collateral matters are never admissible.
A) Maybe
B) False
C) True
  • 52. A confession can be oral or written.
A) True
B) Maybe
C) False
  • 53. The original document rule is the same as the best evidence rule.
A) True
B) Maybe
C) False
  • 54. Privileged communications promote public policy and confidentiality.
A) Maybe
B) True
C) False
  • 55. Hearsay evidence is generally admissible.
A) True
B) False
C) Maybe
  • 56. An oath is required for every witness before testifying.
A) False
B) True
C) Maybe
  • 57. A dying declaration must relate to the cause or circumstances of death.
A) True
B) Maybe
C) False
  • 58. Expert witnesses must rely only on personal knowledge
A) True
B) False
C) Maybe
  • 59. Spousal immunity can still apply after divorce.
A) Maybe
B) True
C) False
  • 60. Do you think my greatest love shall be mine again?
A) No comback
B) Gusto may mag mahal pero ayaw mag move on aray mo! Alam mo ha
C) Depende
D) Yes comback
E) Wala na tol wag kana umasa
  • 61. which of the following is considered a public or official record under Rule 130?
A) A company's internal memo
B) an email exchange between private citizens
C) personal diary
D) a birth certificate issued by the local by the local civil registrar
  • 62. what does the "mercy rule" generally refer to in the context of character evidence of a victim's good character.
A) The rule prohibiting any character evidence in court
B) the rule allowing the evidence of a defendant's good character to show they are unlikely to have committed the crime
C) The rule allowing evidence of a witness's merciful nature.
D) the rule allowing evidence of a defendant's good character to show they are unlikely to have committed the crim The rule prohibiting any character evidence in court
  • 63. What is the primary characteristic of "character as circumstantial evidence
A) It is always inadmissible in court.
B) It is only used to impeach a witness.
C) It suggests a person acted in a certain way based on their general disposition.
D) It directly proves a key fact in the case.
  • 64. Which of the following best describes the "res inter alios acta rule"
A) Evidence related to transactions or occurrences involving third parties is generally inadmissible.
B) Only documentary evidence is subject to this rule.
C) Evidence is admissible only if it directly involves the parties in the current case.
D) All evidence, regardless of its source, is admissible as long as it is relevant.
  • 65. What is the significance of "learned treatises" in legal evidence?
A) They are only relevant in medical malpractice cases
B) They are always admissible as direct evidence.
C) They are never admissible in court.
D) They can be used to cross-examine expert witnesses.
  • 66. When is "opinion rule" applicable in court?
A) When a lay witness offers opinions based on common knowledge.
B) When a witness speculates without factual basis.
C) All of the above
D) When an expert witness provides scientific or technical opinions.
  • 67. What is the primary purpose of the "reported testimony rule"
A) To exclude all prior testimonies from being admitted in court.
B) To encourage witnesses to report crimes.
C) To allow hearsay evidence without any limitations.
D) To permit the use of testimony given in a prior proceeding under certain conditions
  • 68. Which of the following scenarios involves "character as direct evidence"?
A) Presenting evidence of a person's honesty to show they are a credible witness.
B) Introducing evidence of a defendant's violent tendencies to suggest they committed assault.
C) Showing a person's reputation for recklessness to prove negligence.
D) Offering evidence of a person's character when character is an essential element of a claim or defense.
  • 69. What types of records are typically covered under "public or official records"
A) Personal letters stored in a government archive.
B) Private contracts between individuals
C) Internal memos of a private company.
D) Government agency documents available for public inspection.
  • 70. What is a "commercial list" as it pertains to evidence?
A) A compilation of data used in a specific industry.
B) A list of items sold in a store.
C) A list of businesses registered with the government.
D) A catalog of products for sale online.
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