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  • 1. For evidence to be admissible, it must be:
A) Relevant and competent
B) Relevant and material
C) Competent and credible
D) Material and voluntary
  • 2. Collateral matters are admissible when they tend to:
A) Support witness credibility only
B) Establish probability or improbability of a fact in issue
C) Confuse the issue
D) Disprove all evidence
  • 3. Real evidence is also called:
A) Oral evidence
B) Secondary evidence
C) Object evidence
D) Demonstrative evidence
  • 4. Real evidence is considered
A) Circumstantial evidence
B) The highest order of evidence
C) Testimonial evidence
D) The weakest form of proof
  • 5. Testimonial evidence refers to:
A) Statements given by witnesses under oath
B) Documentary proof
C) Objects presented to the court
D) Circumstantial demonstration
  • 6. The “best evidence rule” requires
A) Oral testimony of document contents
B) Hearsay testimony
C) Presentation of the original document
D) Submission of any copy
  • 7. Parol evidence rule applies to:
A) Testimonies only
B) Electronic communications
C) Oral contracts
D) Written contracts
  • 8. Documentary evidence refers to
A) Oral declarations
B) Witness testimony
C) Written documents presented in court
D) Objects and materials
  • 9. The “Res inter alios acta” rule means
A) Hearsay statements are valid
B) Confidential evidence is protected
C) Acts of others cannot prejudice another
D) Admissions apply to all
  • 10. Admission by silence means:
A) Only verbal admissions are valid
B) Silence is never an admission
C) Failure to deny implies consent
D) Applies only to written statements
  • 11. The “Mercy Rule” allows an accused to:
A) Prove innocence by silence
B) Withhold testimony
C) Avoid cross-examination
D) Prove good moral character pertinent to the offense
  • 12. Privileged communication is based on
A) Common interest
B) Lack of relevance
C) Confidentiality and public policy
D) Mutual understanding
  • 13. Marital privilege applies:
A) Only if both spouses testify
B) Only if requested by prosecution
C) During or after marriage
D) Only before marriage
  • 14. Spousal immunity can be invoked:
A) After marriage
B) Only while the marriage subsists
C) By any relative
D) Before marriage
  • 15. Filial privilege prevents:
A) Teachers from testifying
B) Parents from testifying against neighbors
C) Priests from testifying
D) A child from testifying against parents
  • 16. The priest-penitent privilege protects:
A) Anonymous statements
B) Gossip about religious leaders
C) Confessions made in confidence during religious discipline
D) Public confessions
  • 17. Physician-patient privilege aims to:
A) Disallow expert witnesses
B) Encourage full disclosure for treatment
C) Protect hospital reputation
D) Prevent medical records in court
  • 18. The “Best Evidence Rule” is also called:
A) Parol rule
B) Competency rule
C) Original document rule
D) Hearsay rule
  • 19. Demonstrative evidence is admissible
A) Cited by counsel
B) Emotional
C) Based on speculation
D) Relevant and properly identified
  • 20. Dying declaration is admissible only if:
A) Made in anticipation of death about its cause or circumstances
B) Written by another person
C) Made after survival
D) Made casually before death
  • 21. A witness must be:
A) Unavailable
B) Neutral and quiet
C) Authorized by both parties
D) Competent and legally qualified
  • 22. A competent witness is one who:
A) Can read and write
B) Can perceive, recollect, and communicate
C) Is intelligent only
D) Is related to the accused
  • 23. Confession refers to:
A) Testimony about another’s guilt
B) Declaration against interest
C) Privileged statement
D) Recognition of guilt in a criminal case
  • 24. Judicial admission is:
A) Statement made to police
B) Out-of-court statement
C) Admission made in court pleadings
D) Admission made in casual conversation
  • 25. An “extra-judicial admission” is:
A) Confession under oath
B) Testimony made in trial
C) Admission made out of court
D) Statement by a judge
  • 26. The rule of competency allows:
A) Any legally qualified person to testify
B) Only police officers to testify
C) No minors as witnesses
D) Only victims to testify
  • 27. Expert witnesses may testify if:
A) They have personal knowledge
B) They have special knowledge or skill
C) They are relatives
D) They are court employees
  • 28. DNA evidence is evaluated based on
A) Age of samples
B) Court preference
C) Source reliability only
D) Proper collection, handling, and analysis
  • 29. A confession is valid even if:
A) Anonymous
B) Forced
C) Made under torture
D) Oral or informal
  • 30. The “totality of circumstances” test evaluates:
A) Quantity of witnesses
B) The certainty and reliability of witness identification
C) Public opinion
D) Strength of documents
  • 31. Hearsay evidence is generally:
A) Based on rumor
B) Always admissible
C) Allowed if written
D) Inadmissible unless covered by exceptions
  • 32. The rule against hearsay aims to:
A) Admit all statements
B) Shorten the trial
C) Exclude unreliable secondhand statements
D) Support confessions
  • 33. An example of hearsay exception is
A) Character evidence
B) Cross-examination
C) Opinion testimony
D) Dying declaration
  • 34. An admission made under oath in another case is called:
A) Extra-judicial admission
B) Privileged declaration
C) Judicial admission
D) Confession
  • 35. A confession obtained through coercion is:
A) Considered documentary evidence
B) Inadmissible
C) Valid if recorded
D) Acceptable
  • 36. Character evidence is generally inadmissible to
A) Show motive
B) Support credibility
C) Prove conduct on a specific occasion
D) Indicate intent
  • 37. The "chain of custody" ensures:
A) Witness credibility
B) Integrity of physical evidence
C) Speedy trial
D) Admissibility of confessions
  • 38. A hostile witness is one who:
A) Shows bias or hostility toward the party calling him
B) Lacks knowledge
C) Refuses to testify
D) Lies under oath
  • 39. The burden of proof lies with:
A) The judge
B) The defense
C) The witness
D) The prosecution
  • 40. The quantum of proof in criminal cases is:
A) Substantial evidence
B) Probable cause
C) Preponderance of evidence
D) Proof beyond reasonable doubt
  • 41. The rule that requires the original document to be presented is:
A) Parol Evidence Rule
B) Best Evidence Rule
C) Hearsay Rule
D) Res Inter Alios Acta
  • 42. A statement made in anticipation of death is
A) Confession
B) Judicial declaration
C) Dying Declaration
D) Dying Inside to Hold you
E) Admission
  • 43. A person who gives evidence in court is called:
A) Witness
B) Expert
C) Complainant
D) Judge Nono
E) Judge
  • 44. The ability of a witness to observe and communicate is called:
A) Intelligence
B) Reliability
C) Credibility
D) Competency
  • 45. The rule preventing the use of oral statements to modify a written contract is:
A) Hearsay Rule
B) Res Inter Alios Acta
C) Parol Evidence Rule
D) Best Evidence Rule
  • 46. A privilege preventing testimony between husband and wife is called:
A) Physician Privilege
B) Priest Privilege
C) Marital Privilege
D) Parental Privilege
  • 47. The privilege protecting communications between doctor and patient is:
A) Professional Privilege
B) Marital Privilege
C) Client-Lawyer Privilege
D) Parental Privilege
E) Physician-Patient Privilege
  • 48. The privilege that protects religious confessions is:
A) Teacher-Student Privilege
B) Priest-Penitent Privilege
C) Doctor-Patient Privilege
D) Spousal Privilege
E) Spiritual Privilege
  • 49. The rule stating that the acts of others cannot prejudice a person is:
A) Hearsay Rule
B) Parol Evidence Rule
C) Best Evidence Rule
D) Res Inter Alios Acta Rule
E) Exa Sec To
  • 50. The rule allowing statements made against one’s own interest to be admissible is:
A) Parol rule evidence
B) Opinion Rule
C) Admission by Silence
D) Dying against declaration
E) Declaration Against Interest
  • 51. Collateral matters are never admissible.
A) True
B) False
C) Maybe
  • 52. A confession can be oral or written.
A) Maybe
B) False
C) True
  • 53. The original document rule is the same as the best evidence rule.
A) True
B) False
C) Maybe
  • 54. Privileged communications promote public policy and confidentiality.
A) Maybe
B) True
C) False
  • 55. Hearsay evidence is generally admissible.
A) True
B) Maybe
C) False
  • 56. An oath is required for every witness before testifying.
A) Maybe
B) False
C) True
  • 57. A dying declaration must relate to the cause or circumstances of death.
A) True
B) Maybe
C) False
  • 58. Expert witnesses must rely only on personal knowledge
A) Maybe
B) True
C) False
  • 59. Spousal immunity can still apply after divorce.
A) True
B) Maybe
C) False
  • 60. Do you think my greatest love shall be mine again?
A) Wala na tol wag kana umasa
B) No comback
C) Yes comback
D) Depende
E) Gusto may mag mahal pero ayaw mag move on aray mo! Alam mo ha
  • 61. which of the following is considered a public or official record under Rule 130?
A) personal diary
B) an email exchange between private citizens
C) A company's internal memo
D) a birth certificate issued by the local by the local civil registrar
  • 62. what does the "mercy rule" generally refer to in the context of character evidence of a victim's good character.
A) the rule allowing evidence of a defendant's good character to show they are unlikely to have committed the crim The rule prohibiting any character evidence in court
B) The rule allowing evidence of a witness's merciful nature.
C) The rule prohibiting any character evidence in court
D) the rule allowing the evidence of a defendant's good character to show they are unlikely to have committed the crime
  • 63. What is the primary characteristic of "character as circumstantial evidence
A) It directly proves a key fact in the case.
B) It is only used to impeach a witness.
C) It is always inadmissible in court.
D) It suggests a person acted in a certain way based on their general disposition.
  • 64. Which of the following best describes the "res inter alios acta rule"
A) Evidence related to transactions or occurrences involving third parties is generally inadmissible.
B) All evidence, regardless of its source, is admissible as long as it is relevant.
C) Only documentary evidence is subject to this rule.
D) Evidence is admissible only if it directly involves the parties in the current case.
  • 65. What is the significance of "learned treatises" in legal evidence?
A) They can be used to cross-examine expert witnesses.
B) They are always admissible as direct evidence.
C) They are only relevant in medical malpractice cases
D) They are never admissible in court.
  • 66. When is "opinion rule" applicable in court?
A) All of the above
B) When a lay witness offers opinions based on common knowledge.
C) When an expert witness provides scientific or technical opinions.
D) When a witness speculates without factual basis.
  • 67. What is the primary purpose of the "reported testimony rule"
A) To exclude all prior testimonies from being admitted in court.
B) To encourage witnesses to report crimes.
C) To permit the use of testimony given in a prior proceeding under certain conditions
D) To allow hearsay evidence without any limitations.
  • 68. Which of the following scenarios involves "character as direct evidence"?
A) Introducing evidence of a defendant's violent tendencies to suggest they committed assault.
B) Showing a person's reputation for recklessness to prove negligence.
C) Presenting evidence of a person's honesty to show they are a credible witness.
D) Offering evidence of a person's character when character is an essential element of a claim or defense.
  • 69. What types of records are typically covered under "public or official records"
A) Private contracts between individuals
B) Internal memos of a private company.
C) Government agency documents available for public inspection.
D) Personal letters stored in a government archive.
  • 70. What is a "commercial list" as it pertains to evidence?
A) A list of businesses registered with the government.
B) A compilation of data used in a specific industry.
C) A list of items sold in a store.
D) A catalog of products for sale online.
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