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  • 1. For evidence to be admissible, it must be:
A) Material and voluntary
B) Relevant and material
C) Relevant and competent
D) Competent and credible
  • 2. Collateral matters are admissible when they tend to:
A) Support witness credibility only
B) Confuse the issue
C) Disprove all evidence
D) Establish probability or improbability of a fact in issue
  • 3. Real evidence is also called:
A) Oral evidence
B) Secondary evidence
C) Object evidence
D) Demonstrative evidence
  • 4. Real evidence is considered
A) Circumstantial evidence
B) The highest order of evidence
C) The weakest form of proof
D) Testimonial evidence
  • 5. Testimonial evidence refers to:
A) Statements given by witnesses under oath
B) Documentary proof
C) Objects presented to the court
D) Circumstantial demonstration
  • 6. The “best evidence rule” requires
A) Hearsay testimony
B) Submission of any copy
C) Oral testimony of document contents
D) Presentation of the original document
  • 7. Parol evidence rule applies to:
A) Electronic communications
B) Testimonies only
C) Written contracts
D) Oral contracts
  • 8. Documentary evidence refers to
A) Objects and materials
B) Written documents presented in court
C) Oral declarations
D) Witness testimony
  • 9. The “Res inter alios acta” rule means
A) Acts of others cannot prejudice another
B) Hearsay statements are valid
C) Admissions apply to all
D) Confidential evidence is protected
  • 10. Admission by silence means:
A) Only verbal admissions are valid
B) Failure to deny implies consent
C) Silence is never an admission
D) Applies only to written statements
  • 11. The “Mercy Rule” allows an accused to:
A) Avoid cross-examination
B) Prove innocence by silence
C) Prove good moral character pertinent to the offense
D) Withhold testimony
  • 12. Privileged communication is based on
A) Mutual understanding
B) Common interest
C) Confidentiality and public policy
D) Lack of relevance
  • 13. Marital privilege applies:
A) Only if requested by prosecution
B) Only if both spouses testify
C) Only before marriage
D) During or after marriage
  • 14. Spousal immunity can be invoked:
A) Before marriage
B) After marriage
C) Only while the marriage subsists
D) By any relative
  • 15. Filial privilege prevents:
A) Priests from testifying
B) A child from testifying against parents
C) Teachers from testifying
D) Parents from testifying against neighbors
  • 16. The priest-penitent privilege protects:
A) Confessions made in confidence during religious discipline
B) Anonymous statements
C) Gossip about religious leaders
D) Public confessions
  • 17. Physician-patient privilege aims to:
A) Disallow expert witnesses
B) Encourage full disclosure for treatment
C) Prevent medical records in court
D) Protect hospital reputation
  • 18. The “Best Evidence Rule” is also called:
A) Parol rule
B) Competency rule
C) Hearsay rule
D) Original document rule
  • 19. Demonstrative evidence is admissible
A) Emotional
B) Cited by counsel
C) Relevant and properly identified
D) Based on speculation
  • 20. Dying declaration is admissible only if:
A) Made casually before death
B) Made after survival
C) Made in anticipation of death about its cause or circumstances
D) Written by another person
  • 21. A witness must be:
A) Neutral and quiet
B) Authorized by both parties
C) Unavailable
D) Competent and legally qualified
  • 22. A competent witness is one who:
A) Can read and write
B) Can perceive, recollect, and communicate
C) Is related to the accused
D) Is intelligent only
  • 23. Confession refers to:
A) Declaration against interest
B) Recognition of guilt in a criminal case
C) Privileged statement
D) Testimony about another’s guilt
  • 24. Judicial admission is:
A) Admission made in court pleadings
B) Out-of-court statement
C) Statement made to police
D) Admission made in casual conversation
  • 25. An “extra-judicial admission” is:
A) Testimony made in trial
B) Statement by a judge
C) Confession under oath
D) Admission made out of court
  • 26. The rule of competency allows:
A) Only victims to testify
B) Only police officers to testify
C) No minors as witnesses
D) Any legally qualified person to testify
  • 27. Expert witnesses may testify if:
A) They have personal knowledge
B) They have special knowledge or skill
C) They are court employees
D) They are relatives
  • 28. DNA evidence is evaluated based on
A) Source reliability only
B) Court preference
C) Age of samples
D) Proper collection, handling, and analysis
  • 29. A confession is valid even if:
A) Anonymous
B) Made under torture
C) Oral or informal
D) Forced
  • 30. The “totality of circumstances” test evaluates:
A) Quantity of witnesses
B) Public opinion
C) The certainty and reliability of witness identification
D) Strength of documents
  • 31. Hearsay evidence is generally:
A) Always admissible
B) Based on rumor
C) Allowed if written
D) Inadmissible unless covered by exceptions
  • 32. The rule against hearsay aims to:
A) Admit all statements
B) Shorten the trial
C) Support confessions
D) Exclude unreliable secondhand statements
  • 33. An example of hearsay exception is
A) Cross-examination
B) Character evidence
C) Dying declaration
D) Opinion testimony
  • 34. An admission made under oath in another case is called:
A) Extra-judicial admission
B) Judicial admission
C) Confession
D) Privileged declaration
  • 35. A confession obtained through coercion is:
A) Inadmissible
B) Acceptable
C) Valid if recorded
D) Considered documentary evidence
  • 36. Character evidence is generally inadmissible to
A) Show motive
B) Support credibility
C) Indicate intent
D) Prove conduct on a specific occasion
  • 37. The "chain of custody" ensures:
A) Speedy trial
B) Admissibility of confessions
C) Integrity of physical evidence
D) Witness credibility
  • 38. A hostile witness is one who:
A) Lies under oath
B) Refuses to testify
C) Shows bias or hostility toward the party calling him
D) Lacks knowledge
  • 39. The burden of proof lies with:
A) The prosecution
B) The defense
C) The judge
D) The witness
  • 40. The quantum of proof in criminal cases is:
A) Substantial evidence
B) Probable cause
C) Preponderance of evidence
D) Proof beyond reasonable doubt
  • 41. The rule that requires the original document to be presented is:
A) Res Inter Alios Acta
B) Hearsay Rule
C) Parol Evidence Rule
D) Best Evidence Rule
  • 42. A statement made in anticipation of death is
A) Admission
B) Dying Declaration
C) Confession
D) Dying Inside to Hold you
E) Judicial declaration
  • 43. A person who gives evidence in court is called:
A) Judge Nono
B) Judge
C) Expert
D) Complainant
E) Witness
  • 44. The ability of a witness to observe and communicate is called:
A) Credibility
B) Intelligence
C) Reliability
D) Competency
  • 45. The rule preventing the use of oral statements to modify a written contract is:
A) Hearsay Rule
B) Best Evidence Rule
C) Res Inter Alios Acta
D) Parol Evidence Rule
  • 46. A privilege preventing testimony between husband and wife is called:
A) Parental Privilege
B) Priest Privilege
C) Physician Privilege
D) Marital Privilege
  • 47. The privilege protecting communications between doctor and patient is:
A) Parental Privilege
B) Professional Privilege
C) Client-Lawyer Privilege
D) Physician-Patient Privilege
E) Marital Privilege
  • 48. The privilege that protects religious confessions is:
A) Spousal Privilege
B) Priest-Penitent Privilege
C) Doctor-Patient Privilege
D) Spiritual Privilege
E) Teacher-Student Privilege
  • 49. The rule stating that the acts of others cannot prejudice a person is:
A) Res Inter Alios Acta Rule
B) Exa Sec To
C) Parol Evidence Rule
D) Hearsay Rule
E) Best Evidence Rule
  • 50. The rule allowing statements made against one’s own interest to be admissible is:
A) Dying against declaration
B) Declaration Against Interest
C) Opinion Rule
D) Parol rule evidence
E) Admission by Silence
  • 51. Collateral matters are never admissible.
A) False
B) True
C) Maybe
  • 52. A confession can be oral or written.
A) True
B) False
C) Maybe
  • 53. The original document rule is the same as the best evidence rule.
A) False
B) Maybe
C) True
  • 54. Privileged communications promote public policy and confidentiality.
A) False
B) Maybe
C) True
  • 55. Hearsay evidence is generally admissible.
A) False
B) True
C) Maybe
  • 56. An oath is required for every witness before testifying.
A) Maybe
B) False
C) True
  • 57. A dying declaration must relate to the cause or circumstances of death.
A) False
B) True
C) Maybe
  • 58. Expert witnesses must rely only on personal knowledge
A) Maybe
B) True
C) False
  • 59. Spousal immunity can still apply after divorce.
A) True
B) Maybe
C) False
  • 60. Do you think my greatest love shall be mine again?
A) Depende
B) No comback
C) Yes comback
D) Wala na tol wag kana umasa
E) Gusto may mag mahal pero ayaw mag move on aray mo! Alam mo ha
  • 61. which of the following is considered a public or official record under Rule 130?
A) an email exchange between private citizens
B) a birth certificate issued by the local by the local civil registrar
C) personal diary
D) A company's internal memo
  • 62. what does the "mercy rule" generally refer to in the context of character evidence of a victim's good character.
A) The rule prohibiting any character evidence in court
B) the rule allowing evidence of a defendant's good character to show they are unlikely to have committed the crim The rule prohibiting any character evidence in court
C) the rule allowing the evidence of a defendant's good character to show they are unlikely to have committed the crime
D) The rule allowing evidence of a witness's merciful nature.
  • 63. What is the primary characteristic of "character as circumstantial evidence
A) It is always inadmissible in court.
B) It is only used to impeach a witness.
C) It directly proves a key fact in the case.
D) It suggests a person acted in a certain way based on their general disposition.
  • 64. Which of the following best describes the "res inter alios acta rule"
A) All evidence, regardless of its source, is admissible as long as it is relevant.
B) Evidence is admissible only if it directly involves the parties in the current case.
C) Evidence related to transactions or occurrences involving third parties is generally inadmissible.
D) Only documentary evidence is subject to this rule.
  • 65. What is the significance of "learned treatises" in legal evidence?
A) They are always admissible as direct evidence.
B) They are only relevant in medical malpractice cases
C) They are never admissible in court.
D) They can be used to cross-examine expert witnesses.
  • 66. When is "opinion rule" applicable in court?
A) When a witness speculates without factual basis.
B) When a lay witness offers opinions based on common knowledge.
C) When an expert witness provides scientific or technical opinions.
D) All of the above
  • 67. What is the primary purpose of the "reported testimony rule"
A) To allow hearsay evidence without any limitations.
B) To exclude all prior testimonies from being admitted in court.
C) To encourage witnesses to report crimes.
D) To permit the use of testimony given in a prior proceeding under certain conditions
  • 68. Which of the following scenarios involves "character as direct evidence"?
A) Offering evidence of a person's character when character is an essential element of a claim or defense.
B) Introducing evidence of a defendant's violent tendencies to suggest they committed assault.
C) Showing a person's reputation for recklessness to prove negligence.
D) Presenting evidence of a person's honesty to show they are a credible witness.
  • 69. What types of records are typically covered under "public or official records"
A) Government agency documents available for public inspection.
B) Internal memos of a private company.
C) Personal letters stored in a government archive.
D) Private contracts between individuals
  • 70. What is a "commercial list" as it pertains to evidence?
A) A list of businesses registered with the government.
B) A list of items sold in a store.
C) A catalog of products for sale online.
D) A compilation of data used in a specific industry.
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