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  • 1. For evidence to be admissible, it must be:
A) Relevant and material
B) Relevant and competent
C) Competent and credible
D) Material and voluntary
  • 2. Collateral matters are admissible when they tend to:
A) Disprove all evidence
B) Confuse the issue
C) Support witness credibility only
D) Establish probability or improbability of a fact in issue
  • 3. Real evidence is also called:
A) Secondary evidence
B) Object evidence
C) Demonstrative evidence
D) Oral evidence
  • 4. Real evidence is considered
A) The weakest form of proof
B) Testimonial evidence
C) Circumstantial evidence
D) The highest order of evidence
  • 5. Testimonial evidence refers to:
A) Statements given by witnesses under oath
B) Documentary proof
C) Circumstantial demonstration
D) Objects presented to the court
  • 6. The “best evidence rule” requires
A) Presentation of the original document
B) Oral testimony of document contents
C) Submission of any copy
D) Hearsay testimony
  • 7. Parol evidence rule applies to:
A) Written contracts
B) Testimonies only
C) Electronic communications
D) Oral contracts
  • 8. Documentary evidence refers to
A) Written documents presented in court
B) Witness testimony
C) Oral declarations
D) Objects and materials
  • 9. The “Res inter alios acta” rule means
A) Acts of others cannot prejudice another
B) Confidential evidence is protected
C) Hearsay statements are valid
D) Admissions apply to all
  • 10. Admission by silence means:
A) Silence is never an admission
B) Failure to deny implies consent
C) Applies only to written statements
D) Only verbal admissions are valid
  • 11. The “Mercy Rule” allows an accused to:
A) Withhold testimony
B) Avoid cross-examination
C) Prove good moral character pertinent to the offense
D) Prove innocence by silence
  • 12. Privileged communication is based on
A) Mutual understanding
B) Confidentiality and public policy
C) Common interest
D) Lack of relevance
  • 13. Marital privilege applies:
A) Only if both spouses testify
B) During or after marriage
C) Only before marriage
D) Only if requested by prosecution
  • 14. Spousal immunity can be invoked:
A) Only while the marriage subsists
B) After marriage
C) By any relative
D) Before marriage
  • 15. Filial privilege prevents:
A) Teachers from testifying
B) Parents from testifying against neighbors
C) Priests from testifying
D) A child from testifying against parents
  • 16. The priest-penitent privilege protects:
A) Anonymous statements
B) Public confessions
C) Gossip about religious leaders
D) Confessions made in confidence during religious discipline
  • 17. Physician-patient privilege aims to:
A) Encourage full disclosure for treatment
B) Prevent medical records in court
C) Protect hospital reputation
D) Disallow expert witnesses
  • 18. The “Best Evidence Rule” is also called:
A) Competency rule
B) Original document rule
C) Hearsay rule
D) Parol rule
  • 19. Demonstrative evidence is admissible
A) Relevant and properly identified
B) Emotional
C) Based on speculation
D) Cited by counsel
  • 20. Dying declaration is admissible only if:
A) Made after survival
B) Written by another person
C) Made in anticipation of death about its cause or circumstances
D) Made casually before death
  • 21. A witness must be:
A) Unavailable
B) Neutral and quiet
C) Competent and legally qualified
D) Authorized by both parties
  • 22. A competent witness is one who:
A) Can read and write
B) Is related to the accused
C) Is intelligent only
D) Can perceive, recollect, and communicate
  • 23. Confession refers to:
A) Declaration against interest
B) Testimony about another’s guilt
C) Privileged statement
D) Recognition of guilt in a criminal case
  • 24. Judicial admission is:
A) Admission made in court pleadings
B) Admission made in casual conversation
C) Statement made to police
D) Out-of-court statement
  • 25. An “extra-judicial admission” is:
A) Admission made out of court
B) Statement by a judge
C) Testimony made in trial
D) Confession under oath
  • 26. The rule of competency allows:
A) Only victims to testify
B) Any legally qualified person to testify
C) No minors as witnesses
D) Only police officers to testify
  • 27. Expert witnesses may testify if:
A) They are court employees
B) They have personal knowledge
C) They are relatives
D) They have special knowledge or skill
  • 28. DNA evidence is evaluated based on
A) Court preference
B) Age of samples
C) Proper collection, handling, and analysis
D) Source reliability only
  • 29. A confession is valid even if:
A) Made under torture
B) Oral or informal
C) Anonymous
D) Forced
  • 30. The “totality of circumstances” test evaluates:
A) The certainty and reliability of witness identification
B) Strength of documents
C) Public opinion
D) Quantity of witnesses
  • 31. Hearsay evidence is generally:
A) Inadmissible unless covered by exceptions
B) Always admissible
C) Allowed if written
D) Based on rumor
  • 32. The rule against hearsay aims to:
A) Shorten the trial
B) Support confessions
C) Exclude unreliable secondhand statements
D) Admit all statements
  • 33. An example of hearsay exception is
A) Character evidence
B) Cross-examination
C) Dying declaration
D) Opinion testimony
  • 34. An admission made under oath in another case is called:
A) Judicial admission
B) Confession
C) Extra-judicial admission
D) Privileged declaration
  • 35. A confession obtained through coercion is:
A) Inadmissible
B) Acceptable
C) Considered documentary evidence
D) Valid if recorded
  • 36. Character evidence is generally inadmissible to
A) Show motive
B) Prove conduct on a specific occasion
C) Support credibility
D) Indicate intent
  • 37. The "chain of custody" ensures:
A) Admissibility of confessions
B) Witness credibility
C) Integrity of physical evidence
D) Speedy trial
  • 38. A hostile witness is one who:
A) Shows bias or hostility toward the party calling him
B) Lacks knowledge
C) Refuses to testify
D) Lies under oath
  • 39. The burden of proof lies with:
A) The witness
B) The defense
C) The prosecution
D) The judge
  • 40. The quantum of proof in criminal cases is:
A) Substantial evidence
B) Probable cause
C) Proof beyond reasonable doubt
D) Preponderance of evidence
  • 41. The rule that requires the original document to be presented is:
A) Res Inter Alios Acta
B) Best Evidence Rule
C) Hearsay Rule
D) Parol Evidence Rule
  • 42. A statement made in anticipation of death is
A) Dying Declaration
B) Judicial declaration
C) Confession
D) Admission
E) Dying Inside to Hold you
  • 43. A person who gives evidence in court is called:
A) Witness
B) Complainant
C) Judge Nono
D) Expert
E) Judge
  • 44. The ability of a witness to observe and communicate is called:
A) Credibility
B) Reliability
C) Competency
D) Intelligence
  • 45. The rule preventing the use of oral statements to modify a written contract is:
A) Parol Evidence Rule
B) Best Evidence Rule
C) Hearsay Rule
D) Res Inter Alios Acta
  • 46. A privilege preventing testimony between husband and wife is called:
A) Parental Privilege
B) Priest Privilege
C) Physician Privilege
D) Marital Privilege
  • 47. The privilege protecting communications between doctor and patient is:
A) Physician-Patient Privilege
B) Professional Privilege
C) Marital Privilege
D) Parental Privilege
E) Client-Lawyer Privilege
  • 48. The privilege that protects religious confessions is:
A) Spiritual Privilege
B) Priest-Penitent Privilege
C) Teacher-Student Privilege
D) Spousal Privilege
E) Doctor-Patient Privilege
  • 49. The rule stating that the acts of others cannot prejudice a person is:
A) Exa Sec To
B) Res Inter Alios Acta Rule
C) Parol Evidence Rule
D) Best Evidence Rule
E) Hearsay Rule
  • 50. The rule allowing statements made against one’s own interest to be admissible is:
A) Admission by Silence
B) Dying against declaration
C) Declaration Against Interest
D) Opinion Rule
E) Parol rule evidence
  • 51. Collateral matters are never admissible.
A) True
B) Maybe
C) False
  • 52. A confession can be oral or written.
A) False
B) True
C) Maybe
  • 53. The original document rule is the same as the best evidence rule.
A) False
B) Maybe
C) True
  • 54. Privileged communications promote public policy and confidentiality.
A) True
B) Maybe
C) False
  • 55. Hearsay evidence is generally admissible.
A) True
B) Maybe
C) False
  • 56. An oath is required for every witness before testifying.
A) Maybe
B) True
C) False
  • 57. A dying declaration must relate to the cause or circumstances of death.
A) Maybe
B) True
C) False
  • 58. Expert witnesses must rely only on personal knowledge
A) Maybe
B) True
C) False
  • 59. Spousal immunity can still apply after divorce.
A) True
B) False
C) Maybe
  • 60. Do you think my greatest love shall be mine again?
A) No comback
B) Depende
C) Yes comback
D) Gusto may mag mahal pero ayaw mag move on aray mo! Alam mo ha
E) Wala na tol wag kana umasa
  • 61. which of the following is considered a public or official record under Rule 130?
A) personal diary
B) a birth certificate issued by the local by the local civil registrar
C) A company's internal memo
D) an email exchange between private citizens
  • 62. what does the "mercy rule" generally refer to in the context of character evidence of a victim's good character.
A) the rule allowing the evidence of a defendant's good character to show they are unlikely to have committed the crime
B) The rule allowing evidence of a witness's merciful nature.
C) The rule prohibiting any character evidence in court
D) the rule allowing evidence of a defendant's good character to show they are unlikely to have committed the crim The rule prohibiting any character evidence in court
  • 63. What is the primary characteristic of "character as circumstantial evidence
A) It is only used to impeach a witness.
B) It suggests a person acted in a certain way based on their general disposition.
C) It directly proves a key fact in the case.
D) It is always inadmissible in court.
  • 64. Which of the following best describes the "res inter alios acta rule"
A) Evidence related to transactions or occurrences involving third parties is generally inadmissible.
B) Only documentary evidence is subject to this rule.
C) Evidence is admissible only if it directly involves the parties in the current case.
D) All evidence, regardless of its source, is admissible as long as it is relevant.
  • 65. What is the significance of "learned treatises" in legal evidence?
A) They are only relevant in medical malpractice cases
B) They are never admissible in court.
C) They can be used to cross-examine expert witnesses.
D) They are always admissible as direct evidence.
  • 66. When is "opinion rule" applicable in court?
A) When a witness speculates without factual basis.
B) All of the above
C) When a lay witness offers opinions based on common knowledge.
D) When an expert witness provides scientific or technical opinions.
  • 67. What is the primary purpose of the "reported testimony rule"
A) To allow hearsay evidence without any limitations.
B) To exclude all prior testimonies from being admitted in court.
C) To encourage witnesses to report crimes.
D) To permit the use of testimony given in a prior proceeding under certain conditions
  • 68. Which of the following scenarios involves "character as direct evidence"?
A) Presenting evidence of a person's honesty to show they are a credible witness.
B) Introducing evidence of a defendant's violent tendencies to suggest they committed assault.
C) Showing a person's reputation for recklessness to prove negligence.
D) Offering evidence of a person's character when character is an essential element of a claim or defense.
  • 69. What types of records are typically covered under "public or official records"
A) Government agency documents available for public inspection.
B) Personal letters stored in a government archive.
C) Internal memos of a private company.
D) Private contracts between individuals
  • 70. What is a "commercial list" as it pertains to evidence?
A) A compilation of data used in a specific industry.
B) A catalog of products for sale online.
C) A list of items sold in a store.
D) A list of businesses registered with the government.
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