 - 1. What is the primary natural sweetener found in liquorice-root extract?
A) Fructose B) Glucose C) Glycyrrhizin D) Sucrose
- 2. How much sweeter is glycyrrhizin than sucrose?
A) Over 100 times B) Over 50 times C) Over 5 times D) Over 10 times
- 3. What blood pressure effect can occur after eating 50 g or more of liquorice candy for two weeks?
A) It may increase slightly B) It causes immediate hypertension C) It always remains unchanged D) It may decrease significantly
- 4. What mineral level in the body falls due to glycyrrhizin consumption?
A) Calcium B) Magnesium C) Sodium D) Potassium
- 5. Which of these is a potential side effect of consuming too much liquorice?
A) Abnormal heart rhythms B) Improved vision C) Lowered body temperature D) Increased muscle mass
- 6. Excessive black liquorice consumption can lead to which metabolic condition?
A) Type 1 diabetes B) Hyperglycemia C) Hypothyroidism D) Chloride-resistant metabolic alkalosis
- 7. What is a principal metabolite of glycyrrhizinic acid?
A) Lactic acid B) Glycyrrhetinic acid C) Citric acid D) Ascorbic acid
- 8. What medical condition caused the fatal heart attack of the man in the 2020 Massachusetts case?
A) Hypokalaemia B) Hypercalcaemia C) Hypoglycaemia D) Hypernatremia
- 9. Does 'red liquorice' contain actual liquorice root extract?
A) No B) Yes, it is the main ingredient C) Yes, in small amounts D) Only if it is strawberry flavored
- 10. What is the primary reason red liquorice is called 'liquorice'?
A) Its shape and texture B) Its chemical composition C) Its distinct liquorice flavor D) Its liquorice root content
- 11. Which of these is a common flavor used in red liquorice?
A) Strawberry B) Mint C) Liquorice root D) Aniseed
- 12. What term has 'black' become in North America regarding liquorice?
A) A legal trademark B) A retronym C) A synonym D) A misnomer
- 13. What kind of binder is used in the manufacturing of red liquorice?
A) Liquid based B) Starchy or gummy C) Protein based D) Gelatin-free
- 14. Which newer flavour is mentioned as being used in red liquorice style products?
A) Chilli B) Mango C) Licorice root D) Garlic
- 15. What physical symptom is associated with the oedema caused by glycyrrhizin?
A) Bruising B) Hair loss C) Rashes D) Swelling
- 16. What plant does liquorice extract come from?
A) Glycyrrhiza officinalis B) Glycyrrhiza dulcis C) Glycyrrhiza sativa D) Glycyrrhiza glabra
- 17. Which ingredient is characteristic of Dutch, German, and Nordic salty liquorice?
A) Magnesium sulphate B) Ammonium chloride C) Potassium chloride D) Sodium bicarbonate
- 18. What is used to give liquorice sweets a shiny surface?
A) Vegetable oil B) Paraffin wax C) Beeswax D) Carnauba wax
- 19. What is the common alternative name for sweets shaped like black liquorice but containing no extract?
A) Yellow liquorice B) Red liquorice C) Green liquorice D) Blue liquorice
- 20. Who is credited with developing liquorice as a confection by adding sugar in 1760?
A) Sir George Savile B) The Cadbury company C) The Rowntree company D) The Dunhill company
- 21. At what temperature are liquorice ingredients heated during manufacturing?
A) 120 °C B) 100 °C C) 135 °C D) 150 °C
- 22. What substance is often used as a flavouring alternative to liquorice extract?
A) Cinnamon oil B) Peppermint oil C) Anise oil D) Vanilla extract
- 23. In what year did Sir George Savile invent Pontefract cakes?
A) 1814 B) 1760 C) 1614 D) 1514
- 24. What is the maximum concentration of ammonium chloride typically found in salty liquorice?
A) 8% B) 2% C) 20% D) 15%
- 25. What is used to create the molds for liquorice sweets during production?
A) Plastic sheets B) Starch powder C) Metal trays D) Silicone
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