Yoga as exercise - Quiz
Yoga as exercise
  • 1. According to Sarah Strauss, what is the goal of classical yoga?
A) Good health
B) Physical flexibility
C) Reduced stress
D) Kaivalya
  • 2. Sjoman traces the asanas in Iyengar's Light on Yoga to which teacher?
A) Jared Farmer
B) Dharma Mittra
C) Darren Rhodes
D) Krishnamacharya
  • 3. What does Singleton say about the lineage of modern yoga as exercise?
A) It was created solely by Westerners
B) It has no relationship to Indian tradition
C) It is not a direct and unbroken lineage of hatha yoga
D) It is a direct and unbroken lineage of hatha yoga
  • 4. According to Jain, when did asanas become prominent in modern yoga?
A) Mid-seventeenth century
B) Early twentieth century
C) Early twenty-first century
D) Late nineteenth century
  • 5. Jared Farmer identifies how many trends characterizing yoga's progression since the 1890s?
A) Twelve
B) Fifteen
C) Eight
D) Ten
  • 6. Which of the following is one of the trends identified by Jared Farmer?
A) From spiritual to mostly secular
B) From accessible to esoteric
C) From female to male
D) From global to India
  • 7. What characterizes 'post-lineage' yoga?
A) Dependence on ancient oral tradition
B) Practiced outside any major school or guru's lineage
C) Strict adherence to a single guru
D) Exclusive practice within India
  • 8. What is the primary physical component of yoga as exercise?
A) Asceticism
B) Breathwork
C) Asanas
D) Meditation
  • 9. Which category is added to asana types by Yogapedia and Yoga Journal?
A) Chanting-based
B) Spiritual enlightenment
C) Hip-opening
D) Meditation-based
  • 10. According to the text, what do Darren Rhodes, Yogapedia, and Yoga Journal include in asana types?
A) Ascetic rigor
B) Core strength
C) Mental isolation
D) Mantra recitation
  • 11. Jared Farmer notes that yoga shifted from being understood intellectually to being understood how?
A) Historically
B) Theoretically
C) Scientifically
D) Experientially
  • 12. Why does Jain say modern yoga systems bear little resemblance to preceding systems?
A) They follow no rules at all
B) Ancient systems were prohibited
C) They are specific to their own social contexts
D) The techniques were lost completely
  • 13. Asanas are often classified by what physical feature?
A) Age of the practitioner
B) Position of the head and feet
C) Religious affiliation
D) Time of day practiced
  • 14. What shift in instructional method did Jared Farmer observe?
A) From oral teaching to hands-on instruction
B) From written text to no instruction
C) From hands-on to strictly text-based
D) From photography to oral tradition
  • 15. How does Jared Farmer describe the shift in the perception of yoga practitioners?
A) From healthy individuals to sick patients
B) From famous gurus to unknown peasants
C) From contorted social pariahs to lithe social winners
D) From social winners to social outcasts
  • 16. Who introduced yoga to the Western world during his 1893 visit to the World Parliament of Religions?
A) Yogendra
B) Pattabhi Jois
C) Kuvalayananda
D) Vivekananda
  • 17. Which yoga teacher founded a branch of The Yoga Institute in New York state in 1919?
A) Tirumalai Krishnamacharya
B) Yogendra
C) Bishnu Charan Ghosh
D) Sivananda Saraswati
  • 18. Who popularized the flowing sequences known as Surya Namaskar in the 1920s?
A) B.K.S. Iyengar
B) Bhawanrao Shrinivasrao Pant Pratinidhi
C) Kuvalayananda
D) Swami Satchidananda
  • 19. In what year did Kuvalayananda found the Kaivalyadhama Health and Yoga Research Center?
A) 1924
B) 1919
C) 1893
D) 1936
  • 20. Who founded the Self-Realization Fellowship in Los Angeles in 1925?
A) Swami Vishnudevananda
B) Paramahansa Yogananda
C) Vivekananda
D) Pattabhi Jois
  • 21. Where was Tirumalai Krishnamacharya's yogashala located?
A) Rishikesh
B) Los Angeles
C) Jaganmohan Palace in Mysore
D) Chicago
  • 22. Which scholar noted that gymnastic systems like Niels Bukh's were popular in physical culture in India?
A) Mark Singleton
B) Vivekananda
C) Norman Sjoman
D) Yogendra
  • 23. Who wrote the bestselling book 'Forever Young, Forever Healthy'?
A) B.K.S. Iyengar
B) Swami Satyananda
C) Indra Devi
D) Swami Vishnudevananda
  • 24. Who founded the Divine Life Society in 1936?
A) Swami Satyananda
B) Swami Satchidananda
C) Bishnu Charan Ghosh
D) Sivananda Saraswati
  • 25. Which group practiced Haṭha yoga between c. 1100 and c. 1900?
A) Modern fitness enthusiasts
B) Nath yogins
C) Western gymnasts
D) Colonial military officers
  • 26. Haṭha yoga was historically associated with which religion?
A) Hinduism
B) Lamarckism
C) Western gymnastics
D) Protestant Christianity
  • 27. What kind of asanas were most common in traditional Haṭha yoga?
A) Seated poses
B) High-impact jumping poses
C) Inverted poses
D) Standing poses
  • 28. How did traditional Haṭha yogins support their gurus?
A) Through mandatory taxes
B) Through monthly subscriptions
C) Through tuition fees
D) Through gifts
  • 29. Which bodybuilder is suggested to have had the most influence on modern yoga?
A) Seetharaman Sundaram
B) Joseph Alter
C) Eugen Sandow
D) Sydney Ahlstrom
  • 30. What influenced the 'modernized hatha yoga' in colonial India?
A) 19th-century YMCA physical education
B) Ancient Buddhist rituals
C) Direct instruction from Nath yogins
D) The writings of Genevieve Stebbins
  • 31. What was the first handbook of asanas in English to be illustrated with photographs?
A) Modern Yoga Principles
B) Harmonial Gymnastics
C) The Nath Yogin Manual
D) Yogic Physical Culture
  • 32. Which tradition for women focused on a 'rapport with the cosmos'?
A) Nath yogin asceticism
B) Unarmed combat
C) Military mass-drill
D) Harmonial gymnastics
  • 33. What did Haṭha yogins use to smear their bodies as a reminder of death?
A) Mud
B) Cremation ash
C) Sacred pigments
D) Herbal oils
  • 34. Which stimulant was excluded from the strict vegetarian diet of yogins?
A) Vegetables
B) Tea
C) Herbal infusions
D) Water
  • 35. What did Tiruka teach under the guise of yoga?
A) Unarmed combat techniques
B) Philosophy and meditation
C) Western gymnastics
D) Religious conversion
  • 36. What is the primary activity of yoga as exercise?
A) Religious chanting
B) Postures
C) Martial arts
D) Weightlifting
  • 37. When was posture practice revived?
A) 1920s
B) 1950s
C) 1900s
D) 1980s
  • 38. What does the Sanskrit word 'haṭha' mean?
A) Connection
B) Force
C) Spirit
D) Flow
  • 39. What is the meaning of the Sanskrit noun 'yoga'?
A) Breath
B) Dance
C) Power
D) Yoke
  • 40. Who wrote the 1966 book 'Light on Yoga'?
A) Pattabhi Jois
B) Indra Devi
C) Krishnamacharya
D) B. K. S. Iyengar
  • 41. What limb of yoga is asana in Patanjali's Yoga Sutras?
A) First
B) Eighth
C) Third
D) Fifth
  • 42. Around which decade did yoga start becoming a worldwide commodity?
A) 1970s
B) 1950s
C) 1980s
D) 1960s
  • 43. Which of these was a factor allowing yoga to become a global commodity?
A) Strict religious enforcement
B) The invention of the internet
C) Free travel around the world
D) Increased government funding
  • 44. What did Westerners become disillusioned with, leading them to look for alternatives like yoga?
A) Physical exercise
B) Urban living
C) Organised religion
D) Global trade
  • 45. What traditional requirement was dropped to make yoga more suitable for mass consumption?
A) Mindfulness
B) Physical movement
C) Breathing techniques
D) Celibacy
  • 46. When did the Iyengar Yoga institute open in Pietermaritzburg, South Africa?
A) 1989
B) 1999
C) 1979
D) 1969
  • 47. Who hosted the television show 'Lilias, Yoga and You'?
A) John Friend
B) Stefanie Syman
C) Andrea Jain
D) Lilias Folan
  • 48. Who is the scholar of religion that argues the market for yoga grew through 'second-generation yoga brands'?
A) John Friend
B) Andrea Jain
C) Lilias Folan
D) Stefanie Syman
  • 49. Who founded Anusara Yoga in 1997?
A) Mark Singleton
B) Narendra Modi
C) John Friend
D) Iyengar
  • 50. What was John Friend’s profession before he founded Anusara Yoga?
A) Television host
B) Financial analyst
C) Yoga teacher
D) Religious leader
  • 51. What did John Friend compare choosing his brand of yoga to?
A) A yoga festival
B) A fine restaurant
C) A religious pilgrimage
D) A medical treatment
  • 52. On which day is the International Day of Yoga held annually?
A) 21 September
B) 21 June
C) 15 August
D) 1 January
  • 53. Which Indian leader suggested the establishment of an International Day of Yoga?
A) Narendra Modi
B) Indira Gandhi
C) Jawaharlal Nehru
D) Mahatma Gandhi
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