12-11-25 Welding Midterm Review 2025
  • 1. What is the base metal?
A) The metal to be welded
B) The shielding gas makes sparks
C) The weld bead
D) The flux coating
  • 2. What is an arc?
A) Light from welding
B) A type of electrode
C) Flow of electricity through a gaseous space or air gap
D) A joint type that lets light fly around everywhere
  • 3. What is arc length?
A) The distance from the gap between plates and the clamp wire
B) Length of the rod
C) The distance from the electrode to the weld pool
D) Length of the weld
  • 4. What is undercut?
A) A grove melted into the base metal that is a misaligned joint
B) A groove melted into base metal left unfilled
C) Extra filler metal
D) A surface crack
  • 5. What is a crater?
A) A porosity pocket in the face of the weld
B) A melted rod tip in the face of the weld
C) A buildup of slag in the face of the weld
D) A depression in the face of the weld
  • 6. What is the axis of weld?
A) Imaginary line through top of the bead
B) Imaginary line through center of weld metal
C) Imaginary line through weld toe
D) Imaginary line through HAZ boundary
  • 7. What is spatter?
A) Gas bubbles expelled that do not form part of the weld
B) Metal particles expelled that do not form part of the weld
C) Falling flux expelled that do not form part of the weld
D) Arc blow expelled that do not form part of the weld
  • 8. What is slag inclusion?
A) Hot cracks trapped in the weld pool at the end
B) Non-metallic material trapped in weld
C) Steel trapped in slag
D) Undercut failure
  • 9. What is a joint?
A) filler metal
B) The end of the metal piece that is welded first.
C) Location where two or more members are joined
D) a welding defect
  • 10. What is a crater crack?
A) A crack in the crater of a weld bead
B) A cold shut
C) A centerline crack
D) A stress fracture formed cause metal was too clean
  • 11. What is ductility
A) Ability to deform without failure
B) Ability to remain cold.
C) Ability to resist rust
D) Ability to stay magnetized
  • 12. What is duty cycle?
A) Arc stability rating
B) Machine lifespan over a 10 min period
C) Electrode burn rate is working nonstop
D) Percentage of time welders operate at rated output
  • 13. What is filler metal?
A) Metal base plate
B) Flux coating
C) Metal added to make a welded joint
D) Distance fusion extends into base metal
  • 14. What is depth of fusion?
A) Rod penetration
B) Weld height
C) Distance fusion extends into base metal
D) Distance bead width extends
  • 15. What is penetration?
A) Bead surface depth
B) Extent weld metal combines with base metal
C) Arc reach
D) Slag depth
  • 16. What is deposition rate?
A) Amount of slag produced
B) Weight of metal deposited per unit time
C) Heat generated
D) Length welded per hour
  • 17. What does SMAW stand for?
A) Stick Metal Arc Work
B) Solid Metal Arc Welding
C) Shielded Metal Arc Welding
D) Shielded Mechanical Arc Welding
  • 18. What is SMAW?
A) Uses tungsten electrode
B) Purely mechanical process
C) Uses shielding gas
D) Uses heat of an arc between covered electrode and the work
  • 19. Advantage of SMAW?
A) No slag
B) Portable and inexpensive
C) High speed
D) Fully automated
  • 20. Disadvantage of SMAW?
A) Requires gas bottles
B) Only works indoors
C) Cannot weld steel
D) It’s slow
  • 21. 7018 can use:
A) AC only
B) DC only
C) Neither
D) AC or DC
  • 22. What polarity do we weld with?
A) Straight polarity
B) Reverse polarity
C) No polarity
D) Alternating ground
  • 23. Reverse polarity:
A) Electrode is positive, ground negative
B) Ground floats
C) Electrode negative
D) No polarity exists
  • 24. Two safety points:
A) Always weld outside use sitka gloves
B) Avoid using gloves never safety glasses
C) Use small rods and low heat
D) Proper ventilation and protective clothing
  • 25. SMAW electrode:
A) Consumable electrode covered with flux
B) MIG wire
C) TIG tungsten
D) Carbon rod
  • 26. Strength of 7018 rod:
A) 40k psi
B) 70k psi
C) 18k psi
D) 120k psi
  • 27. Meaning of 3rd digit in 7018:
A) Positive polarity rod
B) Welding position
C) Coating type
D) Rod length
  • 28. Meaning of 4th digit in 7018:
A) Arc length
B) Strength
C) Diameter
D) Composition of rod
  • 29. Four rod groups:
A) Celluosic, Rutile, Basic/low Hydrogen, Iron Powder
B) Soft rods, hard rods, hot rods, cold rods
C) Inert, reactive, passive, active
D) High carbon, low carbon, stainless, alloy
  • 30. DCEP:
A) Direct Current Electrode Positive
B) Direct Coil Energy Pulse
C) Direct Current Elevated Pressure
D) Dual Current Electrode Phase
  • 31. Why put rods in oven?
A) Prevent Bending
B) Reduce moisture
C) sterilize
D) heat for penetration
  • 32. Minimum oven temperature?
A) 100°F
B) 250°F
C) 175°F
D) 500°F
  • 33. E stands for:
A) Edge
B) Energy
C) Electrode
D) Earth
  • 34. Rod lengths:
A) 20–30 inches
B) 3–6 inches
C) 9–18 inches
D) 1–2 feet
  • 35. MR or R:
A) Medium rated
B) Metal rod
C) Machine ready
D) Moisture resistant
  • 36. Base metal we use:
A) A36 mild steel
B) Stainless steel
C) Cast iron
D) Aluminum
  • 37. Light produced in welding:
A) Blue spectrum only
B) Green infrared
C) Electro violet and ultra red light
D) X‑ray emissions
  • 38. Five joint types:
A) Arc, gas, flux, rod, plate
B) Root, face, toe, leg, web
C) Lap, butt, edge, corner, T-joint
D) Curve, twist, bend, fold, lock
  • 39. AWS:
A) American Welding Society
B) Arc Welding System
C) Advanced Weld Standards
D) American Wire Service
  • 40. Heat affected zone:
A) Metal melted completely
B) Joint line
C) Slag-covered area
D) Metal altered but not melted
  • 41. PJP:
A) Pressure Joint Process
B) Parallel Joint Pass
C) Partial Joint Penetration
D) Primary Joint Preparation
  • 42. CJP:
A) Central Joint Plane
B) Complete Joint Penetration
C) Cut Joint Position
D) Controlled Joint Process
  • 43. 1F:
A) Overhead fillet
B) Flat fillet
C) Vertical fillet
D) Flat groove
  • 44. 2F
A) Flat Fillet
B) Horizontal fillet
C) Vertical groove
D) Horizontal groove
  • 45. 3F
A) Overhead fillet
B) Flat fillet
C) Vertical fillet
D) Horizontal groove
  • 46. 4F:
A) Horizontal fillet
B) Flat groove
C) Vertical fillet
D) Overhead fillet
  • 47. 1G:
A) Flat groove
B) Overhead groove
C) Vertical groove
D) Flat fillet
  • 48. 2G:
A) Horizontal fillet
B) Vertical groove
C) Horizontal groove
D) Flat groove
  • 49. 3G:
A) Flat groove
B) Horizontal fillet
C) Vertical groove
D) Overhead groove
  • 50. 4G:
A) Flat groove
B) Vertical groove
C) Overhead groove
D) Horizontal fillet
  • 51. Weave:
A) Cleaning motion
B) Weld bead made with transverse movement
C) Root buildup
D) Slag brushing
  • 52. No large amount of ______ should be in the weld
A) Sulphur
B) Oxygen
C) Mercury
D) Hydrogen
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