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Tombs at Xanthos - Quiz
Tombs at Xanthos
  • 1. Where is the Harpy Tomb located?
A) On the Acropolis
B) Near the river
C) In the city center
D) In the valley
  • 2. What art style is used for the Harpy Tomb decorations?
A) Greek Archaic Style
B) Hellenistic Style
C) Lycian Style
D) Classical Greek Style
  • 3. What was the initial interpretation of the winged females on the Harpy Tomb?
A) A depiction of the gods of the underworld
B) A myth about violence to the Lycian royal family
C) A scene of hero worship
D) A royal marriage ceremony
  • 4. Why did the second theory suggest the imagery depicted the underworld?
A) The tomb was located near a temple
B) The tomb was fabricated by Greek artisans
C) It was commissioned by a priest
D) The iconography was exclusively Lycian
  • 5. Why was a third theory developed regarding the Harpy Tomb?
A) The previous theories were proven impossible
B) Mainland Greek tombs did not include figures of gods
C) New inscriptions were discovered
D) The tomb was destroyed by an earthquake
  • 6. What is the third theory for the iconography of the Harpy Tomb?
A) A visual representation of the afterlife
B) The depiction of a royal procession
C) A celebration of a military victory
D) Hero worship of the buried individuals
  • 7. What is another name for the Inscribed Pillar of Xanthos?
A) The Xanthian Obelisk
B) The Pillar of the Gods
C) The Royal Pillar
D) The Acropolis Monument
  • 8. What was located on top of the Inscribed Pillar?
A) A statue of the occupant
B) A decorative frieze
C) A sacred flame
D) A tomb chamber
  • 9. What happened to the chamber tomb on the Inscribed Pillar?
A) It collapsed during a war
B) It fell off due to seismic activity
C) It was stolen in antiquity
D) It was removed by archaeologists
  • 10. What is depicted in the friezes of the Inscribed Pillar?
A) Religious rituals and offerings
B) The daily life of common people
C) Hunting and battle scenes
D) Maps of the Lycian territory
  • 11. What languages are found on the Inscribed Pillar?
A) Greek, Latin, and Lycian
B) Lycian and Persian
C) Greek and two types of Lycian
D) Greek and Phoenician
  • 12. To whom was the Greek inscription on the pillar likely dedicated?
A) The King of Xanthos
B) The citizens of Lycia
C) The heroes of the Trojan War
D) 12 Greek gods
  • 13. Which inscription on the pillar is the oldest Greek inscription in Lycia?
A) The Lycian B text
B) The dedication of the monument
C) The Lycian A text
D) The royal hunting list
  • 14. Which of the Lycian inscriptions has been translated?
A) None of the Lycian inscriptions
B) Lycian C
C) Lycian B
D) Lycian A
  • 15. Why is the creator of the Inscribed Pillar unknown?
A) Letters in the name are missing
B) The pillar was collaborative
C) The artist refused to sign his work
D) The language used is completely extinct
  • 16. Where is Xanthos located?
A) Central Asia
B) Southwestern Anatolia
C) The Levant
D) Northern Greece
  • 17. Who excavated several tombs at Xanthos and moved them to the British Museum?
A) Sir Arthur Evans
B) Howard Carter
C) Sir Charles Fellows
D) Heinrich Schliemann
  • 18. In what year were the Xanthos tombs transported to the British Museum?
A) 1848 CE
B) 1822 CE
C) 1902 CE
D) 1799 CE
  • 19. What empire governed the area during the time of the Xanthos kings?
A) Achaemenid Empire
B) Byzantine Empire
C) Roman Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
  • 20. What material is the chest of the Lion Pillar made of?
A) Marble
B) Sandstone
C) Granite
D) White limestone
  • 21. What is the approximate height of the Lion Pillar?
A) 3 metres
B) 5 metres
C) 1.5 metres
D) 10 metres
  • 22. What animal is pinned by the lion on the south side of the chest?
A) A horse
B) A goat
C) A bull
D) A deer
  • 23. What is the subject of the imagery on the north side of the Lion Pillar?
A) A king on a throne
B) A lion interacting with her cubs
C) Religious offerings
D) A battle scene
  • 24. What is a chiton?
A) A Greek-style tunic
B) A ceremonial spear
C) A funeral shroud
D) A type of helmet
  • 25. When did the pillar tombs begin to reflect the facades of Greek temples?
A) 300–250 BCE
B) 375–350 BCE
C) 550–500 BCE
D) 450–400 BCE
  • 26. Which architectural order was used to build the Nereid Monument?
A) Corinthian
B) Tuscan
C) Doric
D) Ionic
  • 27. Which monument did the Nereid Monument directly influence?
A) Mausoleum at Halicarnassus
B) Lion Tomb
C) Acropolis Pillar
D) Lomas Rishi caves
  • 28. Who was the Xanthian King entombed in the Nereid Monument?
A) King Payava
B) King Cyrus
C) King Erbinna
D) King Pallava
  • 29. What is the secondary iconographic source found on the top two reliefs of the Nereid Monument podium?
A) Persian
B) Assyrian
C) Roman
D) Egyptian
  • 30. Which of the following is NOT listed as a tomb at Xanthos?
A) Acropolis Pillar
B) The Sphinx Pillar
C) Tomb of Payava
D) Theatre Pillar
  • 31. The Lycian ogival tomb shape was adopted for a sarcophagus in which modern country?
A) India
B) Turkey
C) Lebanon
D) Greece
  • 32. What architectural feature do the Lycian barrel-vaulted tombs imitate?
A) Mud-brick walls
B) Wooden structures
C) Metal frameworks
D) Marble columns
  • 33. Which historian suggested that Lycian tombs and Indian Chaitya temples share a cultural link?
A) David Napier
B) Payava
C) James Fergusson
D) Erbinna
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