A) Law enforcement gathers evidence while the judiciary independently adjudicates the case B) Police officers impose judicial penalties C) Judges direct police officers on how to conduct every investigation D) Police officers decide the guilt of suspects
A) Community participation B) Separation of powers C) Integrity and fairness D) Judicial economy
A) Correctional treatment B) Community policing C) Rehabilitation D) Fair administration of justice
A) To investigate every reported crime B) To supervise all correctional facilities C) To prosecute all suspects D) To independently determine cases according to law and evidence
A) Presumption of innocence B) Police discretion C) Retribution D) Judicial supremacy
A) Civil cases never involve courts B) Criminal prosecution generally involves an offense against the State or public order C) Criminal cases are decided by private individuals D) Civil actions always result in imprisonment
A) Judicial review B) Community sovereignty C) Proportionality and respect for human rights D) Legislative supremacy
A) Equal protection only B) Due process C) Judicial notice D) Double jeopardy
A) Substantive due process B) Procedural due process C) Equal protection D) Double jeopardy
A) Double jeopardy B) Procedural due process C) Substantive due process D) Right to counsel
A) Double jeopardy B) Self-incrimination C) Equal protection D) Presumption of innocence
A) Giving favored treatment to politically influential suspects B) Applying the law fairly to persons similarly situated C) Allowing police officers to choose which laws apply D) Exempting government officials from criminal prosecution
A) Due process B) Double jeopardy C) Equal protection D) Police power
A) Interpreting laws B) Conducting routine criminal investigation C) Determining legal controversies D) Adjudicating criminal cases
A) Representing the State in criminal cases B) Conducting preliminary investigation when authorized by law C) Evaluating evidence for prosecution D) Imposing the final sentence on a convicted offender
A) Rehabilitation B) Determination of guilt C) Reintegration D) Custody of offenders
A) Investigation B) Rehabilitation C) Adjudication D) Prosecution
A) A person commits a crime for the first time B) A convicted offender returns to criminal behavior after previously being punished for an offense C) A person reports a crime to the police D) A prosecutor dismisses a complaint
A) It guarantees that every offender will be acquitted B) It seeks to prepare offenders for lawful and productive reintegration into society C) It allows offenders to avoid accountability D) It eliminates the need for courts
A) Investigation B) Adjudication C) Prosecution D) Reintegration
A) Presenting evidence during trial B) Conducting visible patrols in areas identified as vulnerable to criminal activity C) Supervising convicted offenders D) Arresting a suspect after a crime has been committed
A) Determining the constitutionality of a statute B) Conducting rehabilitation programs C) Imposing a sentence D) Gathering and analyzing information to establish the facts and circumstances of an offense
A) To exercise judicial authority B) To replace the prosecutor C) To determine the final sentence D) To establish facts relevant to the offense
A) The prosecution must establish the accused's guilt beyond reasonable doubt B) The accused must always prove that he is innocent C) The police must impose the appropriate punishment D) The judge must investigate the accused personally
A) Acquit because guilt was not established beyond reasonable doubt B) Convict because arrest creates a presumption of guilt C) Order the police to impose punishment D) Convict because the prosecutor believes the accused is guilty
A) It is a reasonable basis for believing that a crime has been committed and that the person involved may be responsible B) It is the standard necessary for every criminal conviction C) It is equivalent to proof beyond reasonable doubt D) It guarantees the guilt of the accused
A) Automatic conviction B) A sufficient legal basis for the issuance of the warrant C) Final guilt D) Completion of the criminal trial
A) Administrative convenience B) Community control C) Police discretion D) Due process and presumption of innocence
A) Voluntariness and constitutional safeguards B) Double jeopardy C) Judicial supremacy D) Legislative immunity
A) A police officer refuses all external review B) An officer is investigated for an alleged violation of law or regulations C) An officer is automatically immune from liability because of official position D) A police officer determines his own punishment
A) Judicial review B) Retribution C) Integrity D) Political neutrality only
A) A court renders a decision based on evidence B) A prosecutor evaluates evidence objectively C) An officer follows established procedures D) An official accepts money in exchange for favorable treatment
A) Favoritism toward influential individuals B) Transparent disciplinary proceedings C) Consistent enforcement of laws D) Respect for constitutional rights
A) Crime prevention B) Sentencing C) Adjudication D) Appellate review
A) It begins only after conviction B) It seeks to reduce the occurrence of crime before offenses happen C) It is exclusively performed by courts D) It applies only to convicted offenders
A) Correctional custody B) Prosecutorial discretion C) Community participation in crime prevention D) Judicial review
A) Prosecutor's office B) Court C) Correctional institution D) Police department
A) Police supremacy B) Judicial independence and due process C) Executive interference D) Community control
A) Police discretion B) Executive control C) Community supremacy D) Judicial independence
A) Criminal justice functions are distributed among constitutionally recognized branches and institutions B) One government branch performs all criminal justice functions C) Police agencies may create criminal statutes D) Courts may exercise unlimited executive authority
A) Police authority B) Absolute judicial power C) Correctional independence D) Separation of powers
A) Legislative B) Correctional C) Judicial D) Executive
A) Executive B) Judicial C) Legislative D) Community
A) Non of the above B) Legislative C) Judicial D) Executive
A) Administrative convenience B) Police supremacy C) Executive privilege D) Rule of law
A) All persons and institutions, including government authorities, are subject to the law B) Laws apply only to private citizens C) Police officers may override constitutional limitations D) Government officials may act according to personal judgment regardless of law
A) Media opinion B) Due process and the rule of law C) Immediate punishment D) Public anger
A) Convicting every arrested person B) Giving harsher punishment solely because of public demand C) Applying the law fairly while protecting the rights of the accused and the interests of society D) Ignoring constitutional safeguards to obtain convictions
A) Law enforcement should control all other pillars B) Community members should determine the guilt and punishment of offenders C) Each pillar should perform its legally assigned function while coordinating with the others and respecting constitutional rights D) Courts should follow the decisions of police investigators
A) Presumption of innocence B) Correctional rehabilitation C) Police efficiency D) Community participation
A) Punishing a suspect immediately after arrest B) Giving the accused a fair opportunity to be heard according to established legal procedures C) Allowing the media to determine guilt D) Allowing police officers to impose penalties
A) Use the evidence because conviction is the objective B) Ask the court to convict based on the police report alone C) Ignore the defect because the accused is probably guilty D) Observe ethical and legal duties and avoid relying on fabricated evidence
A) Allowing public opinion to determine prosecution B) Giving harsher treatment to unpopular individuals C) Applying legal standards without regard to personal relationships D) Giving preferential treatment to politically influential suspects
A) Judicial independence B) Community control C) Police discretion D) Executive supremacy
A) The judiciary controls all five pillars B) The community has authority over all government institutions C) The performance of one pillar can affect the effectiveness of the others D) Each pillar performs identical functions
A) Judicial supremacy B) Interdependence of the criminal justice pillars C) Correctional independence D) Separation of the community
A) Gather facts and evidence in accordance with law B) Determine the final guilt of the suspect C) Decide whether the accused should be convicted D) Impose the sentence
A) Represent the State and evaluate and present evidence according to law B) Personally determine the accused's guilt C) Impose imprisonment D) Serve as the correctional officer
A) Conduct routine police patrols B) Determine criminal liability through judicial proceedings C) Investigate every reported crime D) Conduct correctional counseling
A) It focuses on custody, treatment, rehabilitation, and reintegration of offenders B) It determines probable cause for warrants C) It focuses primarily on arrest and investigation D) It enacts criminal statutes
A) Retribution B) Rehabilitation C) Adjudication D) Investigation
A) Citizens participate in programs designed to reduce conditions associated with crime B) Citizens issue search warrants C) Citizens determine guilt D) Citizens impose criminal sentences
A) Investigation B) Prosecution C) Adjudication D) Reintegration
A) Punishment and rehabilitation can never coexist B) Modern corrections may combine lawful punishment with efforts to reform and reintegrate offenders C) Rehabilitation means that offenders are automatically released D) Rehabilitation completely eliminates accountability
A) Judiciary B) Corrections C) Prosecution D) Community
A) Philippine National Police B) Bureau of Jail Management and Penology C) Bureau of Corrections D) National Bureau of Investigation
A) Supreme Court B) Department of Justice C) Bureau of Corrections D) Bureau of Jail Management and Penology
A) Detention before conviction does not by itself establish guilt B) The person should automatically be treated as a convicted prisoner C) The person has already been found guilty D) The person may be punished without trial
A) Freedom of religion and assembly B) Right to travel and suffrage C) Right to property and education D) Right to be informed and right to counsel
A) A person refuses to provide compelled testimony that would incriminate him B) . A person refuses to obey a lawful court order unrelated to testimony C) A police officer refuses to investigate D) A prosecutor refuses to file a case
A) Supremacy of law enforcement B) Separation of functions among criminal justice agencies C) Judicial delegation of police powers D) Community adjudication
A) Correctional rehabilitation B) Impartial administration of justice C) Police discretion D) Judicial independence
A) Judicial review B) Double jeopardy C) Presumption of innocence D) Police power
A) Executive control B) Community supremacy C) Judicial independence D) Police discretion
A) Proof beyond reasonable doubt is required before any investigation can begin. B) Probable cause concerns whether there is sufficient basis to proceed, while proof beyond reasonable doubt is required for conviction. C) Both standards require exactly the same level of certainty. D) Probable cause is sufficient for conviction, while proof beyond reasonable doubt is needed only for arrest.
A) Presumption of innocence B) Community participation C) Police power D) Judicial supremacy
A) Rehabilitation B) Reintegration C) All of the above D) Integrity
A) Ignoring complaints against fellow officers B) Refusing to disclose misconduct because of institutional reputation C) Using official position to avoid disciplinary proceedings D) Submitting to lawful investigation regarding an alleged abuse of authority
A) Adjudication B) Retribution C) Investigation D) Rehabilitation
A) Reintegration B) Adjudication C) Deterrence D) Prosecution
A) Prosecution B) Corrections C) Community D) Judiciary
A) Crime control always prevails over individual rights. B) Police authority is unlimited during criminal investigations C) Constitutional rights apply only after conviction. D) Law enforcement must operate within constitutional and legal limitations.
A) A police officer follows established legal procedures despite pressure from influential individuals. B) A government official ignores a law because of his position. C) A judge decides a case according to personal preference. D) A prosecutor gives preferential treatment to a political ally.
A) Judicial review B) Right against self-incrimination C) Double jeopardy D) Equal protection
A) Equal protection B) Procedural due process C) Double jeopardy D) Substantive due process
A) Right to counsel B) Procedural due process C) Substantive due process D) Double jeopardy
A) Double jeopardy B) Equal protection C) Right to information D) Freedom of assembly
A) Right to counsel B) Right to suffrage C) Right to travel D) Right to property
A) Coordination between law enforcement and prosecution B) Protection against compelled self-incrimination and coercive interrogation C) Right to assembly D) Presumption of innocence and proof beyond reasonable doubt
A) Supremacy of police authority B) Judicial control over investigation C) A court determines whether governmental action is consistent with the Constitution D) Coordination between law enforcement and prosecution
A) Administrative efficiency B) Police discretion C) Public opinion D) Presumption of innocence and proof beyond reasonable doubt
A) A police officer examines physical evidence B) A correctional officer supervises an inmate C) A court determines whether governmental action is consistent with the Constitution D) Separation of powers and checks and balances
A) Community sovereignty B) Judicial absolutism C) Separation of powers and checks and balances D) Police supremacy
A) Crime prevention B) Prosecution C) Adjudication D) Correctional treatment
A) The police perform all criminal justice functions. B) The community independently determines guilt and punishment. C) The actions of one pillar may affect the effectiveness of another pillar. D) The police properly investigate a case, the prosecutor evaluates it, the court adjudicates it, corrections handles the offender, and the community supports prevention and reintegration.
A) The judiciary controls all investigative decisions. B) The actions of one pillar may affect the effectiveness of another pillar. C) Each pillar operates completely independently. D) The community is responsible for preserving evidence.
A) Punishment should be the sole purpose of corrections. B) Corrections should determine whether the offender is guilty. C) Corrections should consider custody, accountability, rehabilitation, and eventual reintegration. D) Convicted offenders should automatically be released.
A) Community control B) Institutional disloyalty C) Integrity and adherence to the rule of law D) Judicial supremacy
A) Every person arrested is eventually convicted. B) Police officers determine guilt to expedite cases. C) Courts disregard procedural requirements to increase conviction rates. D) Criminal justice agencies coordinate their functions while respecting due process, constitutional rights, and the rule of law.
A) To maximize the number of convictions regardless of circumstances B) Criminal justice agencies coordinate their functions while respecting due process, constitutional rights, and the rule of law. C) To protect society and maintain peace and order while ensuring justice, lawful procedures, protection of rights, and appropriate treatment of offenders D) Corrections should consider custody, accountability, rehabilitation, and eventual reintegration. |