- 1. Plants grow through a remarkable process called photosynthesis, where they utilize sunlight, carbon dioxide from the air, and water from the soil to produce their own food. During this process, chlorophyll, the green pigment found in the leaves, captures light energy, which is then used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. The glucose not only serves as energy for the plant but also acts as a building block for growth, allowing the plant to develop roots, stems, and leaves. Roots anchor the plant securely in the soil and absorb water and essential nutrients, while stems provide support and transport nutrients and water between the roots and leaves. As the plant matures, it goes through various stages, including germination, where seeds sprout, followed by seedling development, and eventually reaching full maturity, where it can produce flowers, fruits, and more seeds, ensuring the continuation of its species. Environmental factors such as light, temperature, water, and nutrient availability play crucial roles in this growth process, making it vital for plants to adapt to their surroundings for optimal growth and survival.
What process do plants use to convert sunlight into energy?
A) Transpiration
B) Photosynthesis
C) Fermentation
D) Respiration
- 2. What part of the plant mainly absorbs water and nutrients from the soil?
A) Stems
B) Roots
C) Leaves
D) Flowers
- 3. What do plants release as a byproduct of photosynthesis?
A) Carbon dioxide
B) Water
C) Nitrogen
D) Oxygen
- 4. What type of tissue transports water in plants?
A) Cortex
B) Phloem
C) Parenchyma
D) Xylem
- 5. What is the term for the process by which water evaporates from plant leaves?
A) Condensation
B) Photosynthesis
C) Respiration
D) Transpiration
- 6. What do chloroplasts contain that allows plants to absorb sunlight?
A) Anthocyanin
B) Carotene
C) Chlorophyll
D) Xanthophyll
- 7. Which growth hormone promotes cell elongation in plants?
A) Auxin
B) Ethylene
C) Cytokinin
D) Gibberellin
- 8. What type of plant grows without seeds, using spores instead?
A) Flowering plants
B) Grasses
C) Ferns
D) Trees
- 9. What is a major benefit of crop rotation?
A) Requires more water
B) Reduces biodiversity
C) Prevents soil depletion
D) Increases pests
- 10. What is the main component of the cell wall in plants?
A) Lipid
B) Chitin
C) Protein
D) Cellulose
- 11. How do plants mainly obtain carbon dioxide?
A) Through flowers
B) Through stems
C) Through stomata
D) Through roots
- 12. What is the term for the spread of pollen from one flower to another?
A) Photosynthesis
B) Pollination
C) Germination
D) Fertilization
- 13. What are the tiny openings on the underside of leaves called?
A) Pores
B) Stomata
C) Guard cells
D) Lenticels
- 14. What is the main purpose of fruit in flowering plants?
A) Nutrient storage
B) Seed dispersal
C) Water storage
D) Photosynthesis
- 15. What is the role of mycorrhizae in plant growth?
A) Photosynthesize
B) Enhance nutrient absorption
C) Provide shade
D) Conduct water
- 16. Which plant hormone stimulates fruit ripening?
A) Gibberellins
B) Ethylene
C) Cytokinin
D) Auxin
- 17. What part of the flower is responsible for producing pollen?
A) Sepal
B) Anther
C) Ovary
D) Style
- 18. What structure develops from fertilized ovules?
A) Fruits
B) Roots
C) Seeds
D) Flowers
- 19. What gas do plants take in during photosynthesis?
A) Carbon dioxide
B) Nitrogen
C) Oxygen
D) Hydrogen
- 20. Which part of the plant is responsible for transpiration?
A) Leaves
B) Fruits
C) Flowers
D) Roots
- 21. What nutrient is essential for plant growth and development?
A) Oxygen
B) Carbon
C) Hydrogen
D) Nitrogen
- 22. During what stage of growth do plants develop roots and shoots?
A) Maturation
B) Photosynthesis
C) Fruiting
D) Germination
- 23. What is the role of the stomata in plants?
A) Nutrient absorption
B) Gas exchange
C) Water storage
D) Support structure
- 24. Which nutrient helps in root development?
A) Iron
B) Calcium
C) Phosphorus
D) Potassium
- 25. What is the term for a plant that completes its life cycle in one year?
A) Annual
B) Perennial
C) Biennial
D) Evergreen
- 26. What structure protects the developing flower bud?
A) Sepals
B) Pistils
C) Petals
D) Stamens
- 27. Which chemical process helps in nutrient uptake by roots?
A) Osmosis
B) Filtration
C) Diffusion
D) Evaporation
- 28. What part of the plant conducts photosynthesis?
A) Nucleus
B) Mitochondria
C) Ribosomes
D) Chloroplasts
- 29. What is the effect of too much water on plants?
A) Root rot
B) Nutrient deficiency
C) Leaf scorch
D) Heat stress
- 30. What is the term for the process of converting sugar into energy in plants?
A) Photosynthesis
B) Fermentation
C) Cellular respiration
D) Transpiration
- 31. What is the term for plants that complete their life cycle in one year?
A) Annuals
B) Biennials
C) Evergreens
D) Perennials
- 32. What type of growth occurs at the tips of roots and shoots?
A) Secondary growth
B) Tertiary growth
C) Apical growth
D) Lateral growth
- 33. Which environmental factor is most critical for photosynthesis?
A) Wind
B) Light
C) Soil type
D) Humidity
- 34. What part of the flower is responsible for reproduction?
A) Stamen and pistil
B) Ovary
C) Sepals
D) Petals
- 35. Which process do plants use to reproduce asexually?
A) Grafting
B) Pollination
C) Cross-fertilization
D) Vegetative propagation
- 36. What type of root system does a dandelion have?
A) Taproot
B) Aerial
C) Adventitious
D) Fibrous
- 37. What mechanism do plants use to support their structure?
A) Root growth
B) Turgor pressure
C) Leaf arrangement
D) Woody tissue
- 38. Which part of the seed develops into the root?
A) Radicle
B) Endosperm
C) Plumule
D) Cotyledon
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