Exit, Voice, And Loyalty by Albert Hirschman - Test
  • 1. What are the three main concepts introduced by Hirschman in his book?
A) Choice, Demand, and Supply
B) Feedback, Response, and Choice
C) Exit, Voice, and Loyalty
D) Protest, Opinion, and Action
  • 2. What does 'Exit' refer to in Hirschman's framework?
A) Leaving or withdrawing from an organization or situation
B) Joining a new organization
C) Taking control of a situation
D) Expressing dissatisfaction
  • 3. What does 'Voice' signify in Hirschman's theory?
A) Choosing to leave a situation
B) Expressing dissatisfaction to improve a situation
C) Ignoring the issues at hand
D) Reorganizing an organization
  • 4. Why might someone choose Exit over Voice?
A) Trust in the current leadership
B) Desire to engage in dialogue
C) Goal to improve conditions
D) Belief that change is unlikely
  • 5. According to Hirschman, which factor might reduce the likelihood of Exit?
A) Negative experiences
B) Frustration with leadership
C) Strong loyalty to an organization
D) Desire for change
  • 6. In which year was 'Exit, Voice, and Loyalty' published?
A) 1970
B) 1980
C) 1965
D) 1990
  • 7. A central theme of Hirschman’s work is the balance between which two actions?
A) Action and Inaction
B) Leadership and Followership
C) Investment and Withdrawal
D) Exit and Voice
  • 8. What role does 'Loyalty' play in Hirschman's framework?
A) Forming coalitions with others
B) Advocating for complete withdrawal
C) Encourages individuals to use Voice rather than Exit
D) Developing new models of leadership
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