A) Sandiganbayan B) MTC C) Court of Appeals D) RTC
A) Supreme Court B) Court of Appeals C) MTC D) Sandiganbayan
A) MTC B) Supreme Court C) RTC D) Court of Appeals
A) Supreme Court B) Sandiganbayan C) MTC D) RTC
A) Barangay Justice System B) MTC C) RTC D) Court of Appeals
A) MTC B) Sandiganbayan C) Supreme Court D) RTC
A) MTC B) Sandiganbayan C) Court of Appeals D) RTC
A) Supreme Court B) Court of Appeals C) MTC D) RTC
A) MTC B) Court of Appeals C) RTC (Family Court) D) Sandiganbayan
A) Court of Appeals B) Supreme Court C) MTC D) RTC
A) Arbitration procedures B) Civil litigation procedures C) Steps by which the State prosecutes violations of law D) Administrative penalties
A) Determine guilt B) Impose penalties C) Assess whether probable cause exists to file a case D) Conduct trial
A) A reasonable belief that an offense has been committed B) A prosecutor’s opinion C) Absolute proof of guilt D) Mere suspicion
A) Conducts mandatory mediation B) Informs the accused of the charges and receives the plea C) Evaluates mitigating circumstances D) Decides on evidence admissibility
A) File an information B) Initiate a complaint C) Conduct preliminary investigation Answer: C D) Place the accused under lawful custody
A) Guarantee an acquittal B) Replace detention with probation C) Reduce the penalty upon conviction D) Ensure the accused appears in court
A) May be tried immediately B) Can escape detention C) Is protected from coercion and uninformed waivers D) Can negotiate penalties
A) Accused’s personal opinion B) Witness names only C) The acts complained of and the law violated D) Proposed punishment
A) Witnesses may be excluded B) All evidence is admissible C) Confessions are always valid D) Evidence obtained illegally is inadmissible
A) Credibility of witnesses B) Judgment C) Trial procedure D) Validity of the complaint or information
A) Being tried again for the same offense after acquittal B) Civil suits C) Multiple fines D) Bail denial
A) Witnesses appear first B) Judge instructs them C) Defense is always last D) The State carries the burden of proof
A) Defense preference B) Prosecutor’s opinion C) Evidence presented and the applicable law D) Public interest
A) Filing appeals B) Reviewing evidence C) Drafting the decision D) Enforcing the final penalty imposed by the court
A) Valid if officer believes crime might occur B) Valid only if a warrant follows within 24 hours C) Valid because suspicion is enough D) Invalid because no element of in flagrante delicto is present
A) Valid if the suspect is known in the community B) Valid as long as informant is reliable C) Valid if suspect previously had a record D) Invalid because future acts do not justify warrantless arrest
A) Invalid due to lack of particularity B) Valid if approved by a judge C) Valid because purpose is clear D) Valid only if the search happens immediately
A) Valid if officers believe evidence is inside B) Valid if within the same barangay C) Invalid because a warrant is limited to its specific location D) Valid only if consent is implied
A) Invalid because only visual inspection is allowed B) Valid if the driver appears nervous C) Valid if the checkpoint is authorized D) Valid because checkpoints allow all searches
A) Invalid if suspect hides for more than 30 minutes B) Valid only if homeowner consents C) Invalid because theft is not a serious crime D) Valid as hot pursuit allows warrantless entry
A) Valid if suspect tries to flee B) Valid if the offense is grave C) Valid because it is still hot pursuit D) Invalid because personal knowledge of the officer is lacking
A) Valid if the suspect was still awake B) Valid because instinct may justify action C) Invalid because warrantless home arrests require urgent necessity D) Valid if officers are experienced
A) Valid if probable cause existed B) Valid since the warrant is lawful C) Valid if officers announce their identity D) Invalid because nighttime service requires express authorization
A) Invalid because not all ordinances justify custodial arrest B) Valid because officers maintain public order C) Valid only if the area has a curfew D) Invalid unless confirmed by a barangay official
A) Valid if digital crimes are later discovered B) Valid only if owner does not object C) Valid under plain view doctrine if immediately incriminating D) Invalid because laptops are unrelated to firearms search
A) Valid if both individuals knew each other B) Valid because association is enough C) Valid because one person was a suspect D) Invalid because no overt act showing involvement was observed
A) Valid because consent is presumed broad B) Invalid if consent did not expressly include closed compartments C) Valid if search is within the same house D) Valid if evidence is eventually found
A) Valid only if the driver is alone B) Invalid because such intrusive searches require probable cause C) Valid if checkpoint is legal D) Invalid only when done by non-uniformed personnel
A) Motion for reconsideration B) Preliminary investigation filing C) Inquest review D) Barangay mediation
A) Court-annexed mediation B) Police arbitration C) Judicial dispute resolution D) Barangay Justice System
A) Summary trial B) Pre-trial conference C) Judicial affidavit rule D) Inquest proceeding
A) Prosecutorial endorsement B) Automatic judicial referral C) Direct filing privilege D) Certification to File Action
A) Proper if the case involves a barangay referral B) Proper if evidence is patently insufficient C) Improper because counter-affidavits are always required D) Proper only if the defense requests it
A) Incorrect because suspects must stay under custody B) Incorrect because only courts may release suspects C) Correct only for capital offenses D) Correct when warrantless arrest is invalid
A) Invalid only when the accused refuses mediation B) Valid because slander is a private crime C) Invalid because it must first undergo Katarungang Pambarangay conciliation D) Valid if the complainant has legal counsel
A) Acceptable only if complainant’s affidavit is weak B) Acceptable if endorsed by the barangay C) Improper; failure to submit counter-affidavits waives the right to rebut evidence D) Acceptable; the respondent may rely solely on legal arguments
A) Valid only after three scheduled hearings B) Invalid unless arbitrators are present C) Valid because non-appearance is ground for issuance D) Invalid because mediation must be completed
A) Valid because clarificatory hearings are discretionary B) Valid only if the accused waives rights C) Invalid because hearings are always mandatory D) Invalid unless witness examination happens
A) Invalid because offenses requiring PI must go through the prosecutor B) Valid if police have personal knowledge C) Valid when barangay endorsement is unavailable D) Valid if the accused is detained
A) Valid as long as the suspect admits guilt B) Invalid because the offense is not covered by warrantless arrest rules C) Valid if the arresting officer is a barangay official D) Valid if the barangay issues certification
A) To release the accused permanently B) To ensure the accused appears in court C) To excuse the crime D) To reduce the penalty
A) Trial begins immediately B) Pre-trial and preparation for trial are scheduled C) Bail is automatically granted D) Judge dismisses the case
A) Assign a prosecutor B) Negotiate plea bargaining and mark evidence C) Decide on civil liabilities D) Schedule judgment
A) Burden of proof lies with the State B) Defense cannot start immediately C) Judge requires opening statements D) Witnesses must speak first
A) Improper because bail is a matter of right B) Proper because bail is discretionary C) Proper only if complainant objects D) Proper if the accused lacks counsel
A) Valid since arraignment is formal B) Valid if the accused understood the charge C) Invalid because counsel is mandatory unless properly waived D) Valid if court is overloaded
A) Defense must postpone B) Court requires accused to present evidence C) Court may impose sanctions and proceed as justice requires D) Case must be dismissed
A) Valid if prosecutor agrees B) Valid if evidence is strong C) Valid if freely made D) Invalid because the judge must ensure voluntariness and full understanding
A) Acceptable if case involves moral turpitude B) Invalid; only the court decides after hearing C) Acceptable if affidavits are complete D) Acceptable; prosecutors determine guilt
A) Valid for efficiency B) Invalid; violates right to full cross-examination C) Valid if both parties agree D) Valid in minor offenses
A) Improper; motion to quash must be resolved first B) Proper; arraignment must always proceed C) Proper only if accused insists D) Proper if judge wants to expedite
A) Proper if defense offers restitution B) Proper only if offense is light C) Improper; prosecution consent is essential D) Proper; court has full authority
A) Invalid; violates due process and right to rebut B) Valid if witness is material C) Valid if trial is almost finished D) Valid; court may accept additional evidence anytime
A) Valid only if counsel agrees B) Valid to shorten trial C) Valid if prosecution evidence is strong D) Grossly improper; violates right to present evidence
A) Proper direct examination considering age B) Cross-examination C) Improper leading D) Hearsay objection
A) Force the witness B) Dismiss the witness C) Allow short breaks and comforting assistance D) Ignore and proceed
A) Required to expedite trial B) Generally improper, except for hostile or child witnesses C) Always permitted D) Always prohibited
A) Only for expert witnesses B) During direct examination C) During cross-examination D) Only during rebuttal
A) Leading question B) Improper narrative C) Proper direct examination strategy D) Hearsay
A) Accommodation for child witnesses B) Violation of impartiality C) Improper testimony D) Leading questioning
A) Hearsay B) Improper leading C) Cross-examination strategy D) Direct examination
A) Direct examination B) Cross-examination C) Improper if done in court D) Rebuttal evidence
A) Refreshing memory (proper) B) Cross-examination C) Leading question D) Reading testimony verbatim (improper)
A) Proper accommodation to enhance understanding B) Leading question C) Cross-examination tactic D) Improper demonstration
A) Proper direct examination B) Leading question C) Cross-examination D) Hearsay
A) Cross-examination technique B) Improper impeachment C) Direct examination D) Hearsay evidence
A) Improper B) Cross-examination violation C) Proper accommodation for child witness protection D) Leading question
A) Proper direct examination B) Leading questions C) Cross-examination D) Hearsay
A) Preliminary investigation B) Cross-examination C) Direct examination D) Pre-trial conference
A) Leading question B) Improper coaching C) Proper witness protection and accommodation D) Cross-examination violation
A) Reduce penalty B) Replace detention with probation C) Guarantee acquittal D) Ensure accused appears during trial
A) Pre-trial is scheduled B) Trial begins immediately C) Case dismissed D) Bail granted automatically
A) Assign a prosecutor B) Schedule judgment C) Negotiate plea bargaining and mark evidence D) Decide civil liabilities
A) Judge’s discretion B) Procedural technicalities C) Prosecutor’s theory D) Witness’s memory, perception, and credibility
A) Influence testimony B) Replace direct questioning C) Make trial faster D) Facilitate understanding and protect them from trauma
A) Suggest answers to witnesses B) Violate rights C) Test credibility and impeach statements D) Accelerate trial
A) Closed-ended questions only B) Leading questions only C) Open-ended questions D) Hearsay questions
A) Confirm hearsay B) Challenge witness credibility C) Support witness credibility D) End trial
A) Oral suggestion B) Replacing witness C) Leading questions D) Reviewing documents or reports to recall facts
A) Testing witness statements and credibility B) Introducing new evidence without notice C) Unlimited questioning without relevance D) Skipping procedural rules
A) Violate impartiality B) Influence verdict C) Avoid cross-examination D) Protect emotional well-being
A) Voluntariness and understanding B) Plea bargaining C) Sentence reduction D) Guilt
A) Clarification of issues, marking of evidence, and plea bargaining B) Trial starts immediately C) Witness selection only D) Verdict announcement
A) Evidence evaluation B) Bail denial C) Informing accused of charges and receiving plea D) Trial on the merits
A) Officer has mere suspicion B) In flagrante delicto or hot pursuit C) Ordinance requires detention D) Accused looks guilty
A) Officer feels probable cause B) Consent is given C) Any officer orders it D) Evidence is in plain view and exigent circumstances exist
A) Case is dismissed B) Pre-trial is conducted C) Suspect is arrested without warrant and brought to prosecutor within 12 hours D) Bail is granted
A) Probable cause B) Bail amount C) Guilt D) Sentence
A) Settle disputes amicably before filing in courts B) Replace courts C) Conduct arrest D) Collect fines
A) Age-appropriate, understandable, and trauma-sensitive methods B) Hearsay evidence C) Leading questions only D) Coercion |