Neuropsych Final Practice Exam #1- Chapters 18 & 19
  • 1. the inability to acquire new memories
A) retrograde amnesia
B) anterograde amnesia
C) time-dependent retrograde amnesia
D) fugue state
E) transient global amnesia
  • 2. The __________ consolidates memories; the _________ stores them.
A) neocortex; hippocampus
B) amygdala; hippocampus
C) none of the above
D) hippocampus; neocortex
E) hippocampus; amygdala
  • 3. the more the temporal lobe is damaged,
A) the further forward in time the amnesia will extend
B) the further back in time the amnesia will extend
C) none of the above
D) the more memories will be consolidated
E) the less memories will be consolidated
  • 4. The _______ prefrontal cortex is more involved in _____ information.
A) none of the above
B) left; retrieving
C) left; encoding
D) right; encoding
E) right and left; encoding
  • 5. The RIGHT ___________ and both RIGHT & LEFT hemispheres of the _____________ are involved in memory retrieval.
A) dorsolateral frontal cortex; posterior parietal cortex
B) posterior parietal cortex; ventrolateral frontal cortex
C) none of the above
D) ventrolateral frontal cortex; posterior parietal cortex
E) posterior parietal cortex; dorsolateral frontal cortex
  • 6. color amnesia, proapagnosia, object anomia, and topographic amnesia are related to injuries of the
A) bilateral prefrontal, inferior temporal, and occipital cortex
B) right parietal cortex, posterior occipital cortex
C) bilateral parietal, posterior temporal, and occipital cortex
D) bilateral preftonal cortex, posterior temporal, and occipital cortex
E) non of the above
  • 7. damage to the ___________ is generally associated with memory disturbance
A) temporal cortex
B) parietal cortex
C) frontal cortex
D) prefrontal cortex
E) occipital cortex
  • 8. anterograde amnesia, retrograde amnesia, confabulation, meager content in conversation, lack of insight, and apathy are symptoms related to
A) None of the above
B) Huntington's syndrome
C) Tourette's syndrome
D) Korsakoff's syndrome
E) Alzheimer's disease
  • 9. Korsakoff's syndrome occurs due to a thiamine (Vitamin B1) deficiency, which ultimately damages the
A) hippocampus and the fornix fimbria pathway
B) ventrolateral thalamus and prefrontal cortex
C) hippocampus and the perforant pathway
D) none of the above
E) medial thalamus and mammilary bodies of the hypothalamus
  • 10. Damage of the lateral temporal cortex, insula, & medial frontal cortex occurs in _____________ and suggests that the insula is implicated in _________________.
A) Herpes Simplex Encephalitis; retrograde amnesia
B) Korsakoff's Syndrome; anterograde amnesia
C) Alzheimer's Disease; transient global amnesia
D) Huntington's Disease; dissociative amnesia
E) none of the above
  • 11. Even when cortical/limbic structures are intact, loss of neurons in the _____________, _______________, or ___________ systems can be a cause of amnesia related to autobiographic or semantic memory.
A) cholinergic, serotonergic, noradrenergic
B) cholinergic, dopaminergic, noradrenergic
C) serotonergic, dopaminergic, noradrenergic
D) cholinergic, dopaminergic, serotonergic
E) dopaminergic, serotonergic, noradrenergic
  • 12. emotional memory uses ______________ processing
A) neither top-down or bottom-up
B) top-down
C) both top-down and bottom-up
D) bottom-up
E) none of the above
  • 13. if the amygdala were to be damaged, there would be
A) none of the above
B) impairment in implicit memory but intact explicit and emotional memory
C) impairment in emotional memory but intact explicit and implicit memory
D) impairment in autobiographical memory but intact emotional and motor memory
E) impairment in explicit memory but intact emotional and implicit memory
  • 14. In regard to emotional memory, the _______________ is critical.
A) dorsolateral part of the prefrontal cortex
B) ventromedial part of the amygdala
C) basolateral part of the amygdala
D) orbitofrontal part of the prefrontal cortex
E) ventromedial part of the hippocampus
  • 15. For emotional memory, the cholinergic and noradrenergic systems stimulate the amygdala to lay down memory circuits in the ______________.
A) none of the above
B) posterior temporal and the hippocampal regions
C) posterior temporal and hypothalamus
D) medial temporal and prefrontal regions
E) medial temporal and the parietal regions
  • 16. a patient w/ severe cortical damage but an intact amygdala would have
A) impaired working memory but intact motor memory
B) impaired autobiographical memory but intact semantic memory
C) none of the above
D) impaired implicit memory but intact episodic emotional memory
E) impaired explicit memory but intact implicit emotional memory
  • 17. Which structure is involved in fear conditioning?
A) hippocampus
B) brain stem
C) basal ganglia
D) amygdala
E) cerebellum
  • 18. language consists of 4 separate abilities:
A) morphemes, phonemes, syntax, and semantics
B) none of the above
C) syntax, lexicon, prosody, and phonemes
D) categorization, organization, labeling, and identifying
E) categorization, labeling categories, sequencing behaviors, and mimicking
  • 19. gestural theory suggests that gestural language and vocal language depend on similar neural systems, which are ______________________.
A) none of the above
B) adjacent cortical regions in the inferior temporal cortex
C) adjacent cortical regions in the posterior parietal region
D) adjacent cortical regions in the visual cortex
E) adjacent cortical regions in the primary motor cortex
  • 20. Kimura's studies on signing found that
A) lesions that disrupt signing do not disrupt vocal speech
B) lesions that disrupt vocal speech also disrupt signing
C) lesions that disrupt vocal speech do not disrupt signing
D) lesions in the right hemisphere do not disrupt vocal speech or signing
E) lesions in the left hemisphere do not disrupt vocal speech or signing
  • 21. In Kimura's studies, patients w/ ________________ who were ________ handed had lesions in the _______ hemisphere.
A) signing disorders, vocal disorders, and aphasia; right handed; left hemisphere
B) aphasia, vocal disorders; right handed; right hemisphere
C) signing disorders, vocal disorders, and aphasia; right handed; right hemisphere
D) none of the above
E) signing disorders, vocal disorders; left handed, left hemisphere
  • 22. Patients with _______________ have 3 characteristic deficits, in
A) paraphasia; correction of words, production of intended words, and writing
B) none of the above
C) Sensory aphasia; classifying sounds, producing speech, and writing
D) pure aphasia; recognition of words, categorizing sounds, and writing
E) expressive aphasia; labeling sounds, organizing speech, and reading
  • 23. Patients with ____________ have trouble switching from one sound to another; whereas, patients with ___________ have trouble with the reception of language.
A) none of the above
B) Broca's aphasia; Wernicke's aphasia
C) Pure aphasia; Sensory aphasia
D) Wernicke's aphasia; Sensory aphasia
E) Wernicke's aphasia; Paraphasia
  • 24. a patient who speaks in short phrases with pauses so that only the key words needed for communication are used probably hase
A) a fluent aphasia like Broca's aphasia
B) none of the above
C) a fluent aphasia like Wernicke's aphasia
D) a nonfluent aphasia like Wernicke's aphasia
E) a nonfluent aphasia like Broca's aphaisa
  • 25. Which of the following is NOT true?
A) Nonfluent and fluent aphasias can have a number of different symptoms, and each symptom may have a different neural basis.
B) Individual differences in strokes change the outcomes and symptoms related to different types of aphasia.
C) Most of the brain takes part in language in one way or another.
D) Each type of aphasia is involved with damage to a specific neural circuit
E) Because symptoms are the worst right after the stroke, but can improve over time, damage can not be isolated to one part of the brain.
  • 26. damage to the _________ is related to apraxia of speech in ___________.
A) arcuate fasciculus; Broca's aphasia
B) insula; Broca's aphasia
C) medial temporal lobe; Wernicke's aphasia
D) none of the above
E) dorsal bank of the superior temporal gyrus; Wernicke's aphasia
  • 27. Which 2 symptoms of Broca's aphasia are actually related to damage of Broca's area?
A) impairment in sound articulation and impairment in working memory for sentences
B) impairment in sentence comprehension and impairment in articulation of sounds
C) none of the above
D) apraxia of speech and recurring utterances
E) recurring utterances and impairment in working memory for sentences
  • 28. most of the core difficulties involved with fluent aphasias are associated with damage to
A) the prefrontal cortex and the dorsal temporal lobe
B) the lateral temporal lobe and underlying grey matter
C) the parietal region and wernicke's area
D) the medial temporal lobe and underlying white matter
E) wernicke's area and the temporal lobe
  • 29. damage to the arcuate fasciculus is related to ___________________ in _______________.
A) speech production; Wernicke's aphasia
B) none of the above
C) recurring utterances; Broca's aphasia
D) speech comprehension; Wernicke's aphasia
E) speech apraxia; Broca's aphasia
  • 30. What is the actual symptom related to damage to Wernicke's area?
A) impairment in the articulation of sounds
B) iconic memory impairment
C) speech production impairment
D) none of the above
E) impairment in sentence comprehension
  • 31. The superior temporal gyrus is involved with
A) object identification
B) language organization
C) sentence comprehension
D) articulation
E) working memory
  • 32. Which of the following is incorrect?

    The RIGHT hemisphere
A) has good auditory comprehension of language
B) has little writing ability
C) has some reading ability
D) can control speech
E) can control semantic processing
  • 33. Which of the following is NOT true about patients with RIGHT hemisphere lesions?
A) They can have severe deficits in speech.
B) They can have changes in the coprehension of metaphors.
C) They can have unusual syntactical construction.
D) They can have changes in responses to complex statements.
E) They can have changes in vocabulary selection.
  • 34. Right ______________ lesions are associated with reduced verbal fluency, deficits in the comprehension of tone of voice, and the production of emotional tone.
A) none of the above
B) medial temporal
C) orbitofrontal
D) posterior parietal
E) ventromedial temporal
  • 35. Left hemispherectomy patients have language abilities similar to those of the ________ hemisphere in __________ patients.
A) right; epileptic
B) left; epileptic
C) right; commisurotomy
D) left; commisurotomy
E) none of the above
  • 36. Which of the following language functions have equal contributions from both the right and the left hemispheres?
A) melody
B) gestures
C) grammar
D) relations
E) sequencing
  • 37. When letter naming is difficult when more than one letter is present, but normal when only one letter is present, a patient may have
A) deep dyslexia.
B) surface dyslexia.
C) phonological dyslexia.
D) attentional dyslexia.
E) none of the above.
  • 38. Patients with this problem can read words perfectly fine. It's the nonwords that they have real trouble with.
A) neglect
B) deep dyslexia
C) phonological dyslexia
D) attentional dyslexia
E) letter by letter reading
  • 39. This may be present in patients with brain damage who misread the first half of a word or misread the last part of a word:
A) deep dyslexia
B) phonological dyslexia
C) neglect
D) attentional dyslexia
E) letter by letter reading
  • 40. In this type of dyslexia, the key symptoms are semantic errors.
A) developmental dyslexia
B) surface dyslexia
C) attentional dyslexia
D) deep dyslexia
E) phonological dyslexia
  • 41. Which of the following is NOT true concerning dual route theory?
A) it considers words, pictures, and sounds involved in reading
B) it depends on function-anatomy relations
C) it is an effective way to diagnose developmental and acquired dyslexia
D) it is concerned with the anatomical organization of language
E) it can be applied to language disorders other than dyslexia
  • 42. this way of reading relies on picture or sound representations of a whole word
A) lexical route
B) dual route
C) dyslexical route
D) happy go lucky route
E) nonlexical route
  • 43. Persons with surface dyslexia are ________________ to process for sound and _________________ process for sense.
A) able; can
B) unable; cannot
C) none of the above
D) able; cannot
E) able; can
  • 44. A patient that misreads the word bird as butterfly has probably
A) processed with sound but without sense.
B) processed without sound and without sense.
C) none of the above
D) processed for sense and not for sound.
E) processed for sound and not for sense.
  • 45. tumors, lesions, and brain injuries are most likely related to
A) developmental dyslexia
B) none of the above
C) developmental alexia
D) acquired dyslexia
E) acquired alexia
  • 46. Patients with the inability to comprehend words or to arrange sounds into coherent speech may have damage to the
A) Broca's area
B) arcuate fasciculus
C) inferior prefrontal cortex
D) pulvinar nucleus
E) posterior middle temporal gyrus
  • 47. Rhythm of language is related to
A) the Right hemisphere
B) the Left hemisphere
C) both the Left and the Right hemisphere
  • 48. Melody of language is related to the
A) left hemisphere
B) right hemisphere
C) left and the right hemiheres
  • 49. Which of the following is NOT true in regard to the lexical route of reading?
A) can be related to orthographic representations of a word
B) can process irregular words
C) fails to process unfamiliar words
D) can be related to phonological representations of a word
E) can process nonwords
  • 50. What type of words are problematic when using the nonlexical route?
A) regular words
B) irregular words
C) nonwords
D) all of the above
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