CRINLAW BOOK 2
  • 1. 1.Filipino citizen X, during a foreign invasion, provides strategic intelligence to the enemy. He claims he only did it to protect his village from harm. Is he criminally liable?
A) Yes
B) No
C) Yes
D) No
E) Yes
  • 2. 2.Two citizens agree to supply arms to invaders but are arrested before acting. What crime is committed?
A) Proposal to commit rebellion.
B) Attempted treason.
C) Conspiracy to commit treason – punishable (Art. 115).
D) Conspiracy to commit treason – punishable (Art. 115).
E) NONE OF THESE
  • 3. 3.A Filipino pilot defects to a hostile foreign country during war and pledges allegiance to that nation. What offense is committed?
A) Flight to enemy’s country (Art. 121).
B) Flight to enemy’s country (Art. 121).
C) Espionage.
D) Treason.
E) Rebellion.
  • 4. 4.Police detains a suspect for 48 hours without judicial complaint, claiming “lack of transport.” What liability attaches?
A) Arbitrary detention.
B) Delay in delivery of detained persons to judicial authorities (Art. 125).
C) Delay in delivery of detained persons to judicial authorities (Art. 125).
D) NONE OF THESE
E) Grave coercion.
  • 5. 5.A police officer detains a civilian without warrant and without lawful cause for 5 hours. What crime is committed?
A) Arbitrary detention (Art. 124).
B) Arbitrary detention (Art. 124).
C) Illegal arrest.
D) NONE OF THESE
E) Slight physical injuries.
  • 6. 6.Police forcibly enter a journalist’s house at 10 PM without warrant or exigent reason. What is the offense?
A) NONE OF THESE
B) Grave coercion.
C) Violation of domicile (Art. 128).
D) Arbitrary detention.
E) Violation of domicile (Art. 128).
  • 7. 7.During a church mass, Z mocks the priest loudly and desecrates the altar cross. What is Z’s liability?
A) Acts of lasciviousness.
B) Offending the religious feelings (Art. 133).
C) Grave scandal.
D) NONE OF THESE
E) Offending the religious feelings (Art. 133).
  • 8. 8.A group of armed men rises publicly to seize government buildings and replace the Constitution. What crime applies?
A) Rebellion (Art. 134).
B) Rebellion (Art. 134).
C) Coup d’état.
D) Treason.
E) Sedition.
  • 9. 9.Before taking up arms, rebel leaders meet to plan overthrow of government. Soldiers capture them. What crime applies?
A) Conspiracy to commit rebellion (Art. 136).
B) Attempted rebellion.
C) NONE OF THESE
D) Conspiracy to commit rebellion (Art. 136).
E) Proposal to commit sedition.
  • 10. 10.Influencer on social media publicly calls for armed overthrow of the government. No uprising occurs. What liability arises?
A) NONE OF THESE
B) Inciting to rebellion (Art. 138).
C) Inciting to rebellion (Art. 138).
D) Proposal to commit rebellion.
E) Sedition.
  • 11. 11.Armed members of the Air Force seize the presidential palace using tanks to replace the Chief Executive. What crime is committed?
A) Treason.
B) Coup d’État (Art. 134-A).
C) Coup d’État (Art. 134-A).
D) Rebellion.
E) Mutiny.
  • 12. 12.If the same uprising is led by private citizens instead of military officers, what crime applies?
A) Rebellion
B) Sedition.
C) NONE OF THESE
D) Rebellion
E) Coup d’État.
  • 13. 13.Hundreds march to the city hall, armed with clubs, shouting for the removal of public officials, causing injuries to police. What crime?
A) Unlawfully scandal.
B) Sedition (Art. 139).
C) Grave scandal.
D) Sedition (Art. 139).
E) Rebellion.
  • 14. 14.A public speaker urges citizens to burn Congress and attack police but does not participate. What crime is committed?
A) Inciting to sedition (Art. 142).
B) Proposal to commit rebellion.
C) Rebellion.
D) Grave threats.
E) Inciting to sedition (Art. 142).
  • 15. 15.A group of people meets in secret, armed with guns, to plan an attack on the city jail. What offense is committed?
A) Unlawful meeting.
B) Conspiracy to commit rebellion.
C) Illegal assembly (Art. 146).
D) Illegal assembly (Art. 146).
E) Coup d’État.
  • 16. 16.Members form a society to teach methods of assassination and smuggling weapons. What is their liability?
A) Rebellion
B) Illegal association (Art. 147).
C) Grave threats.
D) Illegal association (Art. 147).
E) Sedition.
  • 17. 17.Counterfeiter creates a fake Presidential Seal for use in official-looking documents. What crime is committed?
A) Forgery
B) Counterfeiting the Great Seal (Art. 161).
C) Estafa
D) Falsification of documents.
E) Counterfeiting the Great Seal (Art. 161).
  • 18. 18.An artist reproduces ₱1,000 bills for a movie scene without authorization but the bills appear authentic and some enter circulation. What is the liability?
A) Forgery of treasury notes (Art. 166).
B) Forgery of treasury notes (Art. 166).
C) NONE OF THESE
D) Illegal possession of counterfeit bills only.
E) Malversation
  • 19. 19.A civilian alters his birth certificate to appear older for passport application. What crime is committed?
A) Estafa
B) Perjury
C) Falsification of public document by private individual (Art. 172 ¶ 1).
D) Falsification of public document by private individual (Art. 172 ¶ 1).
E) Use of false certificate only.
  • 20. 20.A doctor issues a false medical certificate stating a healthy person is unfit to work for two months. What crime is committed?
A) Falsification by public officer.
B) Issuance of false medical certificate (Art. 174).
C) Issuance of false medical certificate (Art. 174).
D) Usurpation of authority.
E) Perjury.
  • 21. 21.A witness knowingly states under oath that he saw the accused at the crime scene, even though he wasn’t there. What crime has been committed?
A) Perjury (Art. 183).
B) Perjury (Art. 183).
C) Grave coercion.
D) False testimony.
E) Falsification
  • 22. 22.A lawyer presents a witness he knows is lying, to strengthen his client’s case. What is the lawyer’s liability?
A) Offering false testimony (Art. 184).
B) Offering false testimony (Art. 184).
C) Grave misconduct only.
D) Accessory to perjury.
E) No liability
  • 23. 23.A judge knowingly convicts an innocent man for personal revenge. What is the crime committed?
A) Abuse of authority.
B) Corruption of public official.
C) Knowingly rendering unjust judgment (Art. 204).
D) Knowingly rendering unjust judgment (Art. 204).
E) Grave coercion.
  • 24. 24.Judge X failed to review the evidence and hastily issued conviction, later proven wrong. What crime applies?
A) Judgment through negligence (Art. 206).
B) Malfeasance in office.
C) Knowingly rendering unjust judgment.
D) Dereliction of duty.
E) Judgment through negligence (Art. 206).
  • 25. 25.A police chief learns his officer accepted bribes but fails to investigate. What crime applies?
A) Obstruction of justice.
B) Dereliction of duty (Art. 208).
C) Direct bribery.
D) Dereliction of duty (Art. 208).
E) Negligence of superior.
  • 26. 26.An immigration officer accepts ₱50,000 to allow an alien with expired visa to enter. What is the crime?
A) Indirect bribery
B) Corruption of public official.
C) Direct bribery (Art. 210).
D) Direct bribery (Art. 210).
E) Estafa.
  • 27. 27.A traffic enforcer accepts a Christmas gift from a motorist he previously helped avoid citation. What is the liability?
A) Indirect bribery (Art. 211).
B) NONE OF THESE
C) Direct bribery
D) Estafa.
E) Indirect bribery (Art. 211).
  • 28. 28.A businessman voluntarily offers money to a customs officer to expedite his shipment, and the officer accepts. What crime applies to the businessman?
A) Corruption of public officials (Art. 212).
B) Corruption of public officials (Art. 212).
C) Indirect bribery.
D) Estafa.
E) Accessory to bribery.
  • 29. 29.A government accountant falsifies receipts to claim reimbursement for unspent funds. What crime?
A) Malversation.
B) Estafa.
C) Malversation.
D) Fraud against the public treasury (Art. 213).
E) Graft under RA 3019 only.
  • 30. 30.A municipal treasurer “borrows” ₱500,000 from tax collections for personal use, intending to return it later. What is the crime?
A) Malversation of public funds (Art. 217).
B) Technical malversation.
C) Malversation of public funds (Art. 217).
D) Theft.
E) Estafa.
  • 31. 31.During an argument, X kills his legitimate father. He claims self-defense but fails to prove unlawful aggression. What crime has been committed?
A) Parricide (Art. 246).
B) Parricide (Art. 246).
C) Physical injuries resulting in death.
D) Homicide.
E) Murder.
  • 32. 32.Y ambushes Z at night, shooting him from behind to ensure death without risk to himself. What crime?
A) Homicide.
B) Murder
C) Murder
D) Parricide
E) Frustrated homicide.
  • 33. 33.During a heated quarrel, A punches B, who falls, hits his head, and dies. No intent to kill was proven. What crime?
A) Reckless imprudence resulting in homicide.
B) Physical Injuries
C) Homicide (Art. 249).
D) Murder.
E) Homicide (Art. 249).
  • 34. 34.A mother kills her newborn within 24 hours after birth to conceal dishonor. What crime?
A) Infanticide (Art. 255).
B) Infanticide (Art. 255).
C) Abortion.
D) Homicide
E) Parricide
  • 35. 35.A woman, 3 months pregnant, drinks herbs to terminate her pregnancy with consent of her husband. What crime?
A) Infanticide.
B) Intentional abortion
C) Homicide.
D) Unintentional abortion.
E) Intentional abortion
  • 36. 36.A 17-year-old conceals her pregnancy and aborts it using drugs. What penalty applies?
A) Abortion by woman herself (Art. 258).
B) Physical injury to self.
C) Concealment of dishonor only.
D) Abortion by woman herself (Art. 258).
E) NONE OF THE THESE
  • 37. 37.A cuts off B’s hand during a fight with clear intent to deprive him of its use permanently. What is the crime?
A) Mutilation (Art. 262).
B) Mayhem.
C) Mutilation (Art. 262).
D) Frustrated homicide.
E) Serious physical injuries.
  • 38. 38.In a street brawl, X stabs Y, causing blindness in one eye. Y survives. What crime?
A) Serious physical injuries (Art. 263 ¶1).
B) Attempted murder.
C) Less serious physical injuries.
D) Frustrated Homicide.
E) Serious physical injuries (Art. 263 ¶1).
  • 39. 39.Z punches a neighbor, causing 20 days of medical incapacity. What is the proper charge?
A) Maltreatment.
B) Less serious physical injuries (Art. 265).
C) Less serious physical injuries (Art. 265).
D) Serious physical injuries.
E) Slight physical injuries.
  • 40. 40.X slaps Y in anger, causing a bruise that heals in 3 days. What crime?
A) Less serious physical injuries.
B) Maltreatment.
C) Slight physical injuries (Art. 266).
D) Grave coercion.
E) Slight physical injuries (Art. 266).
  • 41. 41.Armed men abduct a businessman and confine him for ransom for three days. What crime is committed?
A) Serious illegal detention (Art. 267).
B) Serious illegal detention (Art. 267).
C) Slight illegal detention.
D) Grave coercion.
E) Kidnapping for robbery.
  • 42. 42.A taxi driver locks his passenger inside the cab for 2 hours to extort extra fare. What crime applies?
A) Slight illegal detention (Art. 268).
B) Grave coercion.
C) Slight illegal detention (Art. 268).
D) Serious illegal detention.
E) Robbery.
  • 43. 43.Barangay tanods arrest a suspect without warrant for a non-ongoing crime, detaining him overnight. What is their liability?
A) Arbitrary detention.
B) Unlawful arrest (Art. 269).
C) Grave coercion.
D) Illegal detention.
E) Unlawful arrest (Art. 269).
  • 44. 44.A neighbor persuades a 16-year-old girl to leave home and live with him “for freedom.” What crime?
A) Inducing a minor to abandon home (Art. 271).
B) Seduction.
C) Inducing a minor to abandon home (Art. 271).
D) Kidnapping.
E) Corruption of minor.
  • 45. 45.A blogger posts a false claim that a public official is secretly selling arms to rebels. What liability arises?
A) Slander.
B) Unlawful utterances (Art. 274)
C) Libel under special law.
D) Libel under special law.
E) Unlawful use of means of publication (Art. 154).
  • 46. 46.X threatens to kill Y unless Y resigns from his job. What crime applies?
A) Grave threats (Art. 282).
B) Blackmail.
C) Attempted homicide.
D) Coercion.
E) Grave threats (Art. 282).
  • 47. 47.Z threatens to destroy his neighbor’s fence if not allowed to borrow tools. What is the liability?
A) Coercion.
B) Malicious mischief.
C) Light threats (Art. 283).
D) Grave threats.
E) Light threats (Art. 283).
  • 48. 48.A gang forces a vendor to pay “protection money” or his stall will be removed. What crime applies?
A) Robbery.
B) Grave coercion (Art. 286).
C) Grave coercion (Art. 286).
D) Grave threats.
E) Extortion.
  • 49. 49.A manager locks an employee in the office to finish tasks before going home. What crime applies?
A) NONE OF THESE
B) Light coercion (Art. 287).
C) Arbitrary detention.
D) Light coercion (Art. 287).
E) Serious illegal detention.
  • 50. 50.An employee opens her boss’s private letters and reveals personal matters. What crime applies?
A) Discovery of secrets through seizure of correspondence (Art. 290).
B) Libel.
C) Intriguing against honor.
D) Discovery of secrets through seizure of correspondence (Art. 290).
E) Grave coercion.
  • 51. 51.A snatches a woman’s bag and punches her when she resists. What crime?
A) Theft.
B) Grave coercion.
C) Robbery with violence
D) Robbery with violence
E) Robbery with intimidation.
  • 52. 52.During a bank robbery, one of the robbers shoots a guard dead. What crime is committed by all?
A) Robbery only.
B) Murder and robbery complexed.
C) Homicide and robbery separately.
D) Robbery with homicide
E) Robbery with homicide
  • 53. 53.Four armed men rob a jewelry shop. What qualifying circumstance applies?
A) Brigandage.
B) Robbery by a band
C) Robbery with intimidation.
D) Robbery by a band
E) Robbery with violence.
  • 54. 54.A group of five armed men roam highways robbing travelers. What crime applies?
A) Robbery by band.
B) Robbery in inhabited house.
C) Highway robbery under PD 532.
D) Brigandage
E) Highway robbery under PD 532.
  • 55. 55.A janitor secretly takes company laptop home intending to keep it. What crime applies?
A) Estafa.
B) Robbery.
C) Qualified theft
D) Simple theft
E) Qualified theft
  • 56. 56.A household helper steals jewelry entrusted to her by her employer. What crime?
A) Estafa.
B) Qualified theft.
C) Simple theft.
D) Robbery
E) Qualified theft
  • 57. 57.B convinces investors to send money for a fake business. What crime?
A) Estafa
B) Estafa
C) Swindling under BP Blg. 22.
D) Theft.
E) Fraud against public treasury.
  • 58. 58.A sells land to another knowing it is already mortgaged. What crime applies?
A) Falsification.
B) Estafa under Art. 315.
C) Swindling
D) Swindling
E) Theft.
  • 59. 59.X sets fire to a rival’s warehouse out of revenge. What crime?
A) Malicious mischief.
B) Simple arson
C) Destructive arson
D) Attempted homicide.
E) Destructive arson
  • 60. 60.Teenagers intentionally break car mirrors of parked vehicles. What is the crime?
A) Estafa.
B) Malicious mischief
C) Malicious mischief
D) Damage to property through negligence.
E) Vandalism (special law).
  • 61. 61.A married woman has a relationship with a single man and is caught in the act of sexual intercourse by her husband. What crime?
A) Concubinage.
B) Grave scandal.
C) Adultery
D) Adultery
E) Immorality under special law.
  • 62. 62.A married man maintains his mistress in a separate apartment. His wife files a complaint. What crime applies?
A) Adultery.
B) Concubinage
C) Bigamy.
D) Concubinage.
E) Immoral conduct.
  • 63. 63.A 40-year-old teacher persuades his 16-year-old student (a virgin) to have intercourse by abusing his influence. What crime?
A) Statutory rape.
B) Acts of lasciviousness.
C) Simple seduction.
D) Qualified seduction
E) Qualified seduction
  • 64. 64.A suitor seduces a 17-year-old woman of good reputation using promises of marriage. What crime?
A) Simple seduction
B) Qualified seduction.
C) Corruption of minor.
D) Simple seduction
E) Acts of lasciviousness.
  • 65. 65.A man persuades a 15-year-old to allow touching of her body without intercourse. What crime?
A) Acts of lasciviousness
B) Grave scandal
C) Acts of lasciviousness
D) Corruption of minor.
E) Statutory rape.
  • 66. 66.A nightclub owner employs minors as “guest relations officers” for male clients. What crime applies?
A) White slavery.
B) Trafficking under special law.
C) Acts of lasciviousness.
D) Corruption of minors
E) Corruption of minors
  • 67. 67.X recruits women to be brought abroad for prostitution. What is his crime under the RPC?
A) Estafa.
B) Trafficking in persons
C) White slave trade
D) White slave trade
E) Corruption of minors.
  • 68. 68.A drags a 19-year-old woman into a car using force with lewd intent. What crime applies?
A) Forcible abduction
B) Kidnapping.
C) Grave coercion.
D) Acts of lasciviousness.
E) Forcible abduction
  • 69. 69.A 17-year-old girl willingly elopes with her boyfriend without parental consent. What crime applies?
A) Consented abduction
B) NONE OF THESE
C) Grave coercion.
D) Qualified seduction.
E) Consented abduction
  • 70. 70.Friends of a seducer knowingly help him arrange the seduction of a minor by providing a place. What is their liability?
A) Accomplices to seduction
B) Principal offenders.
C) Accomplices to seduction
D) NONE OF THESE
E) Accessories only.
  • 71. 71.A married man contracts a second marriage while the first is still valid and subsisting. He claims he thought his first wife was dead. What crime applies?
A) Bigamy
B) Illegal marriage.
C) Concubinage.
D) Bigamy
E) Adultery.
  • 72. 72.A priest marries a couple without a marriage license, knowing it’s required. What is his liability?
A) NONE OF THESE
B) Perjury.
C) Bigamy.
D) Illegal marriage
E) Illegal marriage
  • 73. 73.A childless couple falsifies hospital records to make it appear they gave birth to an adopted baby. What crime applies?
A) Falsification.
B) Illegal adoption.
C) Simulation of births
D) Simulation of births
E) Kidnapping of minors.
  • 74. 74.A pretends to be the legitimate son of a rich family to claim inheritance rights. What is the crime?
A) Fraud.
B) Falsification of documents.
C) Estafa.
D) Usurpation of civil status
E) Usurpation of civil status
  • 75. 75.A journalist publishes a false article accusing a mayor of stealing public funds, damaging his reputation. What crime applies?
A) Libel
B) Oral defamation.
C) Slander.
D) Libel
E) Intriguing against honor.
  • 76. 76.During a barangay fiesta, X publicly calls Y a thief in front of neighbors. What is the liability?
A) Libel.
B) Grave slander
C) Light oral defamation.
D) Grave slander.
E) Intriguing against honor.
  • 77. 77.Z throws mud at a teacher during class, intending to humiliate her. What crime applies?
A) Grave coercion.
B) Grave scandal.
C) Physical Injuries.
D) Slander by deed (Art. 359).
E) Slander by deed (Art. 359).
  • 78. 78.A defamatory article is printed by a publisher and shared by an editor. Who are liable?
A) Writer, editor, and publisher jointly.
B) Only the writer.
C) Only editor.
D) Only publisher.
E) Writer, editor, and publisher jointly.
  • 79. 79.A spreads a rumor suggesting Y cheated on her spouse, saying “I heard something but I won’t say from whom.” What crime applies?
A) Oral defamation.
B) Libel.
C) Intriguing against honor (Art. 364).
D) Grave scandal.
E) Intriguing against honor (Art. 364).
  • 80. 80.An article criticizes a public official’s poor performance without proof of ill intent. Is malice presumed?
A) Yes
B) NONE OF THESE
C) Yes
D) No
E) No
  • 81. 81.A municipal treasurer issues a fake receipt showing payment of taxes never actually made. What crime is committed?
A) Falsification of public document by public officer
B) Malversation.
C) Estafa
D) Falsification of public document by public officer
E) Fraud against public treasury.
  • 82. 82.A private employee alters figures in his company’s official receipt to reduce payment due. What crime applies?
A) Estafa.
B) Falsification of public document by private individual
C) Falsification of public document by private individual
D) Theft.
E) Falsification of private document.
  • 83. 83.B presents a forged diploma to gain employment, knowing it is fake. What crime applies?
A) Estafa.
B) Usurpation of authority.
C) Use of falsified document
D) Use of falsified document
E) Perjury.
  • 84. 84.A witness lies in a civil suit to help a friend recover property. What is the proper charge?
A) Perjury.
B) False testimony in criminal cases.
C) False testimony in civil cases .
D) False testimony in civil cases.
E) Falsification.
  • 85. 85.A witness testifies falsely to convict an innocent person of robbery. What crime applies?
A) False testimony in criminal cases.
B) Grave coercion.
C) Abuse of authority.
D) Perjury.
E) False testimony in criminal cases.
  • 86. 86.At a public bidding, two contractors secretly agree to submit fake bids so one can win. What is the liability?
A) Fraud against treasury.
B) Machinations in public auctions.
C) Machinations in public auctions.
D) Corruption of public officials.
E) Estafa.
  • 87. 87.X sells fake branded milk powder knowing it’s harmful. What crime applies?
A) Importation or sale of adulterated food.
B) Grave coercion.
C) Estafa.
D) Reckless imprudence.
E) Importation or sale of adulterated food .
  • 88. 88.Angry tenant destroys water pipelines and power lines of the building before leaving. What crime applies?
A) Arson.
B) Destruction of property.
C) Grave coercion.
D) Malicious mischief.
E) Destruction of property
  • 89. 89.A deliberately breaks another’s window glass out of irritation. No damage to life or public utility. What crime applies?
A) Malicious mischief
B) Other mischiefs
C) Damage to property.
D) Malicious mischief
E) Grave coercion.
  • 90. 90.A farmer moves boundary stones to expand his field. What crime is committed?
A) Estafa.
B) Destruction of boundary marks
C) Malicious mischief.
D) Usurpation of real property.
E) Destruction of boundary marks
  • 91. 91.A kidnaps a child for ransom and, after receiving payment, kills the victim to silence him. What crime is committed?
A) Kidnapping and homicide, separate crimes.
B) Murder and theft.
C) Kidnapping with homicide (Art. 267, complex crime).
D) Kidnapping with homicide (Art. 267, complex crime).
E) Serious illegal detention.
  • 92. 92.During robbery, one of the offenders commits rape on the victim. What is the liability?
A) Robbery with rape
B) Robbery with rape
C) Rape and theft.
D) Robbery and rape separately.
E) Robbery only.
  • 93. 93.X falsifies a receipt to obtain payment for a transaction that never happened. What crime is committed?
A) Estafa through falsification of public document (complex crime).
B) Fraud against treasury.
C) Estafa through falsification of public document (complex crime).
D) Estafa only.
E) Falsification only.
  • 94. 94.A son steals his father’s money. What is his liability?
A) Qualified theft.
B) Estafa.
C) NONE OF THESE
D) Grave coercion.
E) NONE OF THESE
  • 95. 95.A husband kills his wife’s lover upon catching them in the act. What mitigating circumstance applies?
A) Immediate vindication of a grave offense
B) NONE OF THESE
C) Immediate vindication of a grave offense.
D) Incomplete self-defense.
E) Passion and obfuscation.
  • 96. 96.Robbers break into a house at midnight while owners sleep. What aggravating circumstance exists?
A) Craft and abuse of confidence.
B) Nighttime only.
C) NONE OF THESE.
D) Dwelling and nighttime
E) Dwelling and nighttime
  • 97. 97.A police officer shoots a fleeing suspect after lawful warning, believing him to be armed. Later proven unarmed. Is he criminally liable?
A) Yes
B) Yes
C) Yes
D) No
E) No
  • 98. 98.A tries to poison his rival with sugar, believing it’s poison. No one is harmed. What is his liability?
A) NONE OF THESE
B) Attempted homicide.
C) Impossible crime.
D) Frustrated homicide.
E) Impossible crime
  • 99. 99.Knowing his friend committed murder, Z hides the weapon and helps him escape. What crime?
A) Accessory after the fact
B) Obstruction of justice
C) Grave coercion.
D) Accessory after the fact
E) Accomplice to murder.
  • 100. 100.A policeman, in conspiracy with a civilian, falsifies an arrest report to detain a rival politician, who later dies of injuries. What crime applies?
A) Arbitrary detention.
B) Arbitrary detention with homicide (complex).
C) Murder.
D) Abuse of authority only.
E) Arbitrary detention with homicide (complex).
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