History of the Jews in the Soviet Union

History of the Jews in the Soviet Union - Quiz

1. When do Georgian Jews trace their initial migration into Georgia?

A) 1863
B) 6th century BC
C) 1921
D) 1801

2. Which empire annexed Eastern Georgia in 1801?

A) Ottoman Empire
B) Soviet Union
C) Russian Empire
D) Persian Empire

3. Why were Ashkenazi Jews moved to Georgia in the 19th century?

A) Forced by the Russian government
B) Seeking refuge from the Holocaust
C) Voluntary migration for trade
D) Invited by the Georgian monarchy

4. What was a uniting cause for Ashkenazi and Georgian Jews?

A) Sovietization
B) Economic trade
C) The Russian Revolution
D) Zionism

5. How did Georgian Jews initially view Ashkenazi Jews?

A) Culturally similar
B) Godless and secular
C) Kind and welcoming
D) Wealthy and powerful

6. What event occurred in February 1921 in Georgia?

A) The Babi Yar Massacre
B) Establishment of the first ghetto
C) Red Army invasion
D) Independence from the Russian Empire

7. What is the estimated number of Ukrainian Jews killed during the Holocaust?

A) 33,000
B) 1.5 million
C) 380,000
D) 1 million

8. What was the Babi Yar Massacre?

A) A mass migration of Jews to Israel
B) The annexation of Western Ukraine
C) A mass murder of 33,000 Jews starting in 1941
D) A Sovietization policy implemented in 1921

9. How did Soviet media report the Jewish victims of massacres?

A) As Russian citizens
B) As Soviet martyrs
C) As Jews
D) As Ukrainians

10. What group was responsible for the mass murder of up to a million Ukrainian Jews?

A) Einsatzgruppen
B) The Georgian government
C) The Union of Councils for Soviet Jews
D) The Red Army

11. According to the 2001 census, how many Jews left Ukraine since 1989?

A) 1.5 million
B) 380,000
C) 33,000
D) 40% of the population

12. What percentage of the Jewish population left Ukraine between 1989 and 2001?

A) 2/3
B) 1/2
C) 3/4
D) 1/4

13. What began in 1863 regarding the Georgian Jewish community?

A) The Sovietization period
B) Aliyah
C) The Russian annexation
D) The Babi Yar massacre

14. What happened to the Jewish population in Belarus during the Holocaust?

A) About 50% were killed
B) About 90% were killed
C) About 25% were killed
D) The population remained stable

15. What was the Jewish percentage of the population in cities like Minsk and Pinsk before WWII?

A) About 80%
B) More than 50%
C) Exactly 30%
D) Less than 10%

16. According to the 1897 census, what percentage of the Belarusian population was Jewish?

A) 13.6%
B) 5.2%
C) 25.5%
D) 40%

17. Which of these famous individuals was born in Belarus?

A) Leon Trotsky
B) Albert Einstein
C) Karl Marx
D) Marc Chagall

18. What was the estimated Jewish population in Belarus according to the 2009 census?

A) 12,926
B) 29,000
C) 135,400
D) 70,000

19. How many Jews were estimated to be in Belarus in 1979?

A) 29,000
B) 112,000
C) 724,548
D) 135,400

20. What percentage of the population in Belarusian cities and towns did Jews comprise before WWII?

A) More than 40%
B) Exactly 20%
C) Approximately 75%
D) Less than 10%

21. Where does about half of the current Jewish population in Belarus live?

A) Minsk
B) Viciebsk
C) Homiel
D) Pinsk

22. What organization estimates the Jewish community in Belarus at 70,000?

A) Red Cross
B) Soviet Government
C) Jewish Agency
D) United Nations

23. Which historical figure was born in Belarus?

A) Vladimir Lenin
B) Joseph Stalin
C) Sigmund Freud
D) Chaim Weizmann

24. During the first years of Soviet rule, what status did Jews have in the Belarusian government?

A) They were mostly in exile
B) They had no official rights
C) They were barred from government
D) They held powerful positions

25. What is the current estimated Jewish population in Armenia?

A) 100
B) 5,000
C) 750
D) 1,000

26. In which city do the majority of Jews in Armenia currently reside?

A) Tel Aviv
B) Baku
C) Yerevan
D) Moscow

27. In what year did the Jewish population in Azerbaijan reach its post-World War II demographic peak?

A) 1970
B) 1917
C) 1989
D) 1939

28. What was the population of Jews in Azerbaijan in 1970 according to the census?

A) 100
B) 5,000
C) 41,288
D) 750

29. Why did many Jews leave Armenia following the dissolution of the Soviet Union?

A) Inadequate services
B) Forced deportation
C) Religious persecution
D) Lack of historical ties

30. When did the first aliyah of Mountain Jews from Azerbaijan to Palestine occur in the Soviet era?

A) Late 1970s
B) 1989
C) Early 1920s
D) After World War II

31. In what period did Jewish immigration from Azerbaijan to Israel resume after the ban was lifted?

A) 1920s
B) 1940s
C) 1990s
D) 1970s

32. Which Russian Tsar granted Jews the official right to enter Estonia in 1865?

A) Alexander I
B) Alexander II
C) Nicholas I
D) Nicholas II

33. When was the Tallinn Jewish congregation founded?

A) 1883
B) 1830
C) 1901
D) 1866

34. When was the Tartu Jewish congregation established?

A) 1866
B) 1830
C) 1883
D) 1901

35. What happened to Jewish cultural autonomy in Estonia in July 1940?

A) It was moved to Tallinn
B) It was liquidated
C) It was legalized
D) It was expanded

36. Approximately what percentage of Estonia's Jewish population was deported to Russian prison camps on June 14, 1941?

A) 10%
B) 5%
C) 50%
D) 25%

37. In which year were the four Estonians responsible for the Kalevi-Liiva murders accused at war crimes trials?

A) 1961
B) 1940
C) 1988
D) 1945

38. When was the Jewish Cultural Society established in Tallinn?

A) July 1940
B) January 1990
C) March 1988
D) June 1941

39. What type of school was established by the Jewish community in 1989?

A) Gymnasium
B) Religious seminary
C) Sunday school
D) Vocational school

40. What type of institution was occupying the Tallinn Jewish Gymnasium on Karu Street before the Jewish School was re-established?

A) A military barracks
B) A government office
C) A vocational school
D) A local library

41. In what year was the large synagogue in Tartu constructed?

A) 1830
B) 1883
C) 1901
D) 1940

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