Astrometry

1. Astrometry is the branch of astronomy that involves precise measurements of the positions and movements of stars and other celestial bodies. By accurately determining the positions of stars relative to each other and observing their apparent motions across the sky, astrometry enables scientists to study the structure and dynamics of the universe, track the orbits of planets and asteroids, and even detect the presence of unseen objects such as exoplanets or black holes. Astrometry plays a fundamental role in astronomy, serving as the foundation for many other fields of research and contributing valuable data to our understanding of the cosmos.

What is a star's position defined by in astrometry?

A) Altitude and azimuth.
B) Galactic latitude and longitude.
C) Ecliptic longitude and latitude.
D) Right ascension and declination.

2. Why is astrometry important in astronomy?

A) To measure the temperature of planets.
B) To study the chemical composition of stars.
C) To observe black holes.
D) To determine the positions, distances, and motions of celestial objects.

3. When was the first precision astrometric satellite launched by the European Space Agency?

A) 1989.
B) 1979.
C) 2009.
D) 1999.

4. What is the goal of Gaia mission by the European Space Agency?

A) To search for extraterrestrial life.
B) To measure the rotation speed of Mars.
C) To study the origin of comets.
D) To create a precise 3D map of the Milky Way galaxy.

5. What does the term 'proper motion' refer to in astrometry?

A) Distance to a galaxy.
B) Apparent motion of a star across the sky over time.
C) Size of a planet.
D) Brightness of a star.

6. Which event in history led to the necessity of precise astrometry for navigation?

A) Middle Ages.
B) Renaissance.
C) Industrial Revolution.
D) Age of Exploration.

7. What role does astrometry play in the search for extraterrestrial life?

A) It observes black hole accretion disks.
B) It studies distant quasars.
C) It tracks meteor showers.
D) It helps identify habitable exoplanets by studying their orbital parameters.

8. What is the term for the apparent path of the Sun in the sky?

A) Ecliptic
B) Prime meridian
C) Equator
D) Zenith

9. Which ancient civilization made significant advancements in astrometry?

A) Romans
B) Egyptians
C) Babylonians
D) Greeks

10. Which early astronomer is known for having made significant contributions to astrometry?

A) Kepler.
B) Copernicus.
C) Hipparchus.
D) Galileo.

11. What is the significance of measuring the barycenter in astrometry?

A) Determining the center of mass in a binary star system.
B) Locating the North celestial pole.
C) Calculating the rate of expansion of the universe.
D) Finding the center of a galaxy.

12. What is the celestial equator in astrometry?

A) A region in space with high concentration of galaxies.
B) A line that connects the North and South celestial poles.
C) A projection of Earth's equator onto the celestial sphere.
D) An imaginary line connecting the stars Sirius and Procyon.

13. Which unit is commonly used to express the distance to stars in astrometry?

A) Parsec
B) Kilometers
C) Light-years
D) Miles

14. What is the Tycho-2 Catalog in astrometry?

A) A list of exoplanets discovered by NASA.
B) A compilation of meteorite impact craters.
C) A stellar catalog that provides positions and proper motions of 2.5 million stars.
D) A collection of asteroid names.

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