Social psychology

1. Social psychology is the scientific study of how people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the presence, actions, and characteristics of others. It examines various social factors such as social influence, social perception, social cognition, and group dynamics to understand how individuals interact with one another in social situations. Social psychologists explore topics such as conformity, obedience, prejudice, stereotyping, aggression, and altruism to gain insights into human behavior within social contexts. By studying the ways in which individuals are shaped by their social environment, social psychology provides valuable insights into human nature and the complexities of social interactions.

What is the concept of deindividuation?

A) The tendency to judge others based on first impressions.
B) The loss of self-awareness and individual accountability in a group.
C) The process of developing self-concept through social interactions.
D) The cognitive bias where one believes that they are better than others.

2. What is the social identity theory?

A) Theory that explains the impact of positive reinforcement on behavior.
B) Theory that individuals define their self-concept based on their membership in social groups.
C) Theory that describes the impact of cognitive dissonance on decision-making.
D) Theory that focuses on the genetic basis of personality traits.

3. What is the false consensus effect?

A) The process of forming impressions of others based on first impressions.
B) The tendency to judge others based on stereotypes.
C) The tendency for individuals to conform to group norms.
D) The tendency to overestimate the extent to which others share our beliefs and behaviors.

4. Who conducted the Stanford prison experiment?

A) Stanley Milgram.
B) Muzafer Sherif.
C) Solomon Asch.
D) Philip Zimbardo.

5. What does the Robbers Cave experiment demonstrate?

A) The impact of punishment on behavior.
B) Intergroup conflict and cooperation.
C) The effects of positive reinforcement on learning.
D) The power of authority in influencing behavior.

6. What is the social learning theory proposed by Bandura?

A) Theory that describes the impact of group polarization on decision-making.
B) Theory that individuals learn by observing others' behaviors and the consequences of those behaviors.
C) Theory that focuses on genetic predispositions shaping behavior.
D) Theory that explains the role of cognitive dissonance in decision-making.

7. What is the social exchange theory?

A) Theory that explains the impact of punishment on behavior.
B) Theory that individuals make decisions based on maximizing benefits and minimizing costs.
C) Theory that describes how individuals interpret feedback.
D) Theory that focuses on self-serving biases in decision-making.

8. Who proposed the theory of cognitive dissonance?

A) Leon Festinger.
B) Solomon Asch.
C) Philip Zimbardo.
D) Stanley Milgram.

9. What is the actor-observer bias?

A) Tendency to attribute our own actions to internal factors while attributing others' actions to external factors.
B) Tendency to attribute our own actions to external factors while attributing others' actions to internal factors.
C) Tendency to overestimate the impact of situational factors.
D) Tendency to rely on stereotypes when judging others.

10. What is the contact hypothesis?

A) Theory that explains the role of obedience in shaping behavior.
B) Theory that focuses on social facilitation in group settings.
C) Theory that direct contact between hostile groups can reduce prejudice.
D) Theory that describes the impact of groupthink on decision-making.

11. What is the psychological term for the tendency to emphasize the role of internal factors in explaining other people's behavior while understating situational factors?

A) Ingroup bias.
B) Fundamental attribution error.
C) Self-serving bias.
D) Confirmation bias.

12. Which term refers to the framework of basic ideas and preconceptions about people, objects, and events?

A) Self-Concept
B) Fundamental Attribution Error
C) Schema
D) Social Identity

13. Which term refers to the unjustified and/or incorrect beliefs about a particular social group?

A) Discrimination
B) Prejudice
C) Stereotype
D) Racism

14. What is the social desirability bias?

A) Tendency to attribute others' behavior to external factors.
B) Tendency to give socially acceptable answers rather than honest responses.
C) Tendency to rely on first impressions when judging others.
D) Tendency to conform to group norms.

15. What concept refers to the tendency for individuals to alter their behavior to align with the social norms of a group?

A) Social loafing.
B) Conformity.
C) Altruism.
D) Obedience.

16. In Milgram's obedience study, what percentage of participants administered the highest level of shock to the learner?

A) 25%
B) 65%
C) 50%
D) 75%

17. What is the in-group bias?

A) The social cognitive bias where one believes they are less susceptible to biases.
B) Tendency to rely on stereotypes when judging others.
C) Tendency to judge others based on first impressions.
D) Tendency to favor one's own group over others.

18. What is the social norms theory?

A) Theory that focuses on genetic predispositions shaping behavior.
B) Theory that describes the impact of cognitive dissonance on decision-making.
C) Theory that explains the impact of positive reinforcement on behavior.
D) Theory that individuals conform to society's expectations.

19. What is the term for the perception that outgroup members are more similar to each other than ingroup members are to each other?

A) Ethnocentrism
B) Ingroup Bias
C) Stereotyping
D) Outgroup Homogeneity

20. What type of conformity occurs when a person conforms publicly but disagrees privately?

A) Obedience
B) Compliance
C) Internalization
D) Identification

21. Which term refers to a person's prejudicial attitudes and discriminatory behavior toward people of a specific race or ethnicity?

A) Xenophobia
B) Racism
C) Ethnocentrism
D) Stereotyping

22. Which concept refers to the feeling of discomfort when faced with a decision involving potentially risky or morally questionable outcomes?

A) Social Loafing
B) Cognitive Dissonance
C) Obedience
D) Moral Dilemma

23. What is the spotlight effect?

A) Tendency to believe that others are paying more attention to our appearance and behavior than they really are.
B) Tendency to conform to group norms to avoid standing out.
C) Tendency to overestimate the accuracy of our judgments.
D) The cognitive bias where one believes they are better than others.

24. What phenomenon involves individuals losing their sense of self-awareness and personal responsibility in group settings?

A) Conformity.
B) Deindividuation.
C) Groupthink.
D) Social facilitation.

25. What term refers to the phenomenon where individuals are less likely to take action in an emergency situation when others are present?

A) Bystander effect.
B) Social loafing.
C) Group polarization.
D) Self-serving bias.

26. Which term refers to the tendency for people to favor information that confirms their preconceptions or hypotheses regardless of whether the information is true?

A) Cognitive Dissonance
B) Confirmation Bias
C) Conformity
D) Groupthink

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