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A) Ursus arctos B) Ursus deningeri C) Ursus spelaeus D) Ursus etruscus
A) 42,000–44,000 years ago B) 1.2–1.5 million years ago C) 130,000–115,000 years ago D) 2.5–3 million years ago
A) Deninger's bear B) Cave bear C) Etruscan bear D) Spelaeus bear
A) 40,000 years ago B) 130,000–115,000 years ago C) 1.2–0.8 million years ago D) 2–3 million years ago
A) From Europe to China B) Only in North America C) Only in South America D) Only in Africa
A) The Middle Pliocene B) The Late Holocene C) The Last Interglacial D) The Early Pleistocene
A) Ursus etruscus intermedius B) Ursus brownus C) Ursus primigenius D) Ursus spelaeus deningeroides
A) The incisors B) The canine teeth C) The three anterior premolars D) The tail
A) Response to a carnivorous diet B) Environmental cooling C) Response to a largely vegetarian diet D) Evolutionary mutation
A) Europe B) Siberia C) China D) Conturines
A) Molarization B) Cuspidation C) Dental expansion D) Premolar fusion
A) Stronger jaw bone B) Easier bone crushing C) Improved mastication of tough vegetation D) Better hunting of prey
A) Between 115,000 and 130,000 years ago B) Between 42,000 and 44,000 years ago C) Between 20,000 and 30,000 years ago D) Between 1.2 and 1.5 million years ago
A) A piece of preserved skin B) The skull bone C) One of the animal's teeth D) The femur
A) 10 B) 100 C) 5 D) 21
A) Sloth bear B) Sun bear C) American black bear D) Brown bear
A) The diversification of eastern and western brown bear lineages B) The end of the Last Interglacial C) The extinction of the dinosaurs D) The appearance of Ursus etruscus
A) No, they never interbred B) Only in captivity C) Yes, a recent study showed some hybridization D) Only during the Early Pleistocene
A) Purely insectivorous B) Almost entirely herbivorous C) Almost entirely carnivorous D) Exclusively omnivorous
A) Johann Christian Rosenmüller B) Johann Friedrich Esper C) Charles Darwin D) Carl Linnaeus
A) Johann Christian Rosenmüller B) Johann Friedrich Esper C) Richard Owen D) Georges Cuvier
A) Unicorns B) Dragons C) Apes D) Polar bears
A) Jurassic B) Cretaceous C) Holocene D) Pleistocene
A) Poland B) Germany C) Romania D) Austria
A) A sub-group of modern grizzly bears B) An extinct type of primate C) A single uniform species D) A species complex
A) Central Asia B) Western Europe C) Siberia D) The Caucasus
A) Females had no skeletons B) Misconception about female skeletons C) Male bones fossilized better D) Females were more common
A) They grew larger B) They stayed the same C) They grew smaller D) They became extinct
A) Thicker fur B) More slender mandibles C) Larger skulls D) Longer teeth
A) Steep B) Sloped C) Concave D) Flat
A) They were sharper B) They were identical C) They were less slender D) They were shorter
A) Solely fish-based nutrition B) High dietary flexibility C) Strictly carnivorous habits D) Lack of adaptation to tough foods
A) C3 plants B) CAM plants C) C4 plants D) Aquatic algae
A) The size of the skull B) The number of preserved claws C) Excessive body weight gain D) Dental microwear patterns on molars
A) Hunting by humans B) Natural old age in the forest C) Starvation during summer D) Death during hibernation
A) Blindness B) Spinal fusion C) Muscle atrophy D) Heart disease
A) Fighting during the breeding season B) Attacks by cave lions C) Falls within the cave D) Severe bone disease
A) To clear their dens B) They were territorial rivals C) As an optimal food resource D) They used bones for building
A) The Caucasus B) The Pyrenees C) Romania D) Scandinavia
A) Coastal beaches B) Forested or forest-edged terrains C) High-altitude glaciers D) Open plains
A) Pneumonia B) Tuberculosis C) Rabies D) Flu
A) Sandy dunes B) River valleys C) Limestone caves D) Volcanic vents
A) Tooth resorption B) Necrosis C) Spinal fusion D) Broken bacula
A) Louis Leakey B) Charles Darwin C) Timothy Insoll D) Emil Bächler
A) Timothy Insoll B) A cave explorer C) A local historian D) Emil Bächler
A) Berlin, Germany B) Regourdou, France C) Drachenloch, Switzerland D) Savona, Italy
A) A modern human skeleton B) An altar for fire C) A collection of silver coins D) A Neanderthal burial
A) A stone statue of a cave bear B) A wall painting of a bear C) A zoomorphic stalagmite surrounded by clay pellets D) A pile of bear pelts
A) Paris B) Rome C) Zurich D) Savona
A) 2005 B) 2019 C) 2010 D) 2015
A) Around 300 B) Around 15 C) Around 1000 D) Around 50
A) Stephen Jay Gould B) Björn Kurtén C) Richard Leakey D) Charles Darwin
A) It occurred only at the end of the Last Glacial Maximum B) It began long before extinction C) It was non-existent D) It was caused by immediate habitat loss |