Petrified Forest National Park - Quiz
Petrified Forest National Park
  • 1. During which epoch did the trees that became fossils in Petrified Forest National Park live?
A) Late Triassic Epoch
B) Early Jurassic Epoch
C) Cretaceous Period
D) Paleogene Period
  • 2. What was the climate like during the Late Triassic Epoch in the region now known as Petrified Forest National Park?
A) Arid and desert-like
B) Cold and glacial
C) Humid and sub-tropical
D) Temperate and forested
  • 3. What supercontinent was the region near during the Late Triassic Epoch?
A) Rodinia
B) Pangaea
C) Gondwana
D) Laurasia
  • 4. Which formation contains the fossil logs in Petrified Forest National Park?
A) Coconino Sandstone
B) Kaibab Limestone
C) Chinle Formation
D) Bidahochi Formation
  • 5. What is the maximum thickness of the Chinle Formation in the park?
A) 600 feet (180 m)
B) 1000 feet (300 m)
C) 500 feet (150 m)
D) 800 feet (240 m)
  • 6. What type of clay in the Chinle Formation swells when wet and shrinks while drying?
A) Kaolinite
B) Illite
C) Montmorillonite
D) Bentonite
  • 7. What geological feature is caused by the swelling and shrinking of bentonite clay?
A) Earthquakes
B) Surface movement and cracking
C) Volcanic eruptions
D) Landslides
  • 8. How many million years ago did tectonic movements begin uplifting the Colorado Plateau?
A) 60 million years ago
B) 80 million years ago
C) 100 million years ago
D) 30 million years ago
  • 9. What is an unconformity in geological terms as seen in Petrified Forest National Park?
A) A fossil bed
B) A sedimentary basin
C) A break in the rock record
D) A layer of volcanic ash
  • 10. Which formation rests directly atop the Chinle Formation in Petrified Forest National Park?
A) Redwall Limestone
B) Supai Group
C) Hermit Shale
D) Bidahochi Formation
  • 11. What type of deposits make up the older layers of the Bidahochi Formation?
A) Volcanic ash and lava
B) Fluvial and lacustrine deposits
C) Marine sediments
D) Glacial till
  • 12. Where in the park can a maar vent be seen?
A) From the Newspaper Rock
B) From the Crystal Forest Trailhead
C) From the Pintado Point lookout
D) From the Painted Desert Visitor Center
  • 13. What is the age range of older dunes in Petrified Forest National Park?
A) 1 million years to 100,000 years
B) 750,000 years to 20,000 years
C) 500,000 years to 10,000 years
D) 200,000 years to 50,000 years
  • 14. What stabilizes young dunes in the park?
A) Human activity
B) Grasses and other vegetation
C) Rock formations
D) Animal burrows
  • 15. What is the approximate length of Petrified Forest National Park from north to south?
A) 15 miles (24 km)
B) 30 miles (50 km)
C) 20 miles (32 km)
D) 40 miles (64 km)
  • 16. What is the maximum width of the park in the north?
A) 5 miles (8 km)
B) 10 miles (16 km)
C) 12 miles (20 km)
D) 15 miles (24 km)
  • 17. What is the minimum width of the park along a narrow corridor?
A) 3 miles (4.8 km)
B) 5 miles (8 km)
C) About 1 mile (1.6 km)
D) 2 miles (3.2 km)
  • 18. Which major east-west route bisects Petrified Forest National Park?
A) Arizona State Route 260
B) I-40, the former U.S. Route 66
C) U.S. Route 89
D) Interstate 17
  • 19. What is the name of the ghost town located about 1 mile west of the park?
A) Adamana
B) Holbrook
C) Jerome
D) Winslow
  • 20. Which city is nearest to Petrified Forest National Park?
A) Flagstaff
B) Cottonwood
C) Sedona
D) Holbrook
  • 21. What road runs north-south through the park?
A) Historic Highway 66
B) Arizona State Route 89A
C) Park Road
D) U.S. Route 180
  • 22. What type of terrain is found in the northern part of the park?
A) Mountainous regions
B) Major petrified wood deposits
C) Eroded badlands
D) Gentle hills
  • 23. Which river does most of the park's intermittent streams empty into?
A) The Gila River
B) The Puerco River
C) The Colorado River
D) The Little Colorado River
  • 24. What is the approximate area covered by the park owned by NPS?
A) 150 square miles (390 km2)
B) 300 square miles (780 km2)
C) 230 square miles (600 km2)
D) 100 square miles (260 km2)
  • 25. Which nation borders the park on the north and northeast?
A) The Navajo Nation
B) The Hopi Nation
C) The Apache Nation
D) The Zuni Nation
  • 26. In which U.S. states is Petrified Forest National Park located?
A) New Mexico
B) Arizona
C) Colorado
D) Utah
  • 27. When was Petrified Forest declared a national monument?
A) 1980
B) 1906
C) 1924
D) 1962
  • 28. What is the Chinle Formation known for?
A) Modern plant species
B) Colorful sediments containing fossil logs
C) Large mammal fossils
D) Geologically recent rock layers
  • 29. What type of ancient reptiles have been found in the park?
A) Phytosaurs
B) Dinosaurs
C) Mammals
D) Birds
  • 30. What type of dwellings did Ancestral Pueblo farmers live in by one thousand years ago?
A) Above-ground, masonry dwellings called pueblos
B) Subterranean pit houses
C) Caves
D) Tents
  • 31. What problem related to petrified wood continues in the park?
A) Theft
B) Natural erosion
C) Tourism development
D) Fossil excavation by scientists
  • 32. What type of fossilization allowed for the study of cellular structures in some park fossils?
A) Compression fossils allow for the study of cellular structures.
B) Mold fossils preserve detailed cellular structures.
C) Cast fossils are used to examine cellular make-up.
D) Permineralized fossils retain much of their original organic structure.
  • 33. Which extinct conifer tree is most commonly found as petrified wood in Petrified Forest National Park?
A) Woodworthia arizonica
B) Sequoia sempervirens
C) Araucarioxylon arizonicum
D) Metasequoia glyptostroboides
  • 34. How many species of fossil trees have been identified in Petrified Forest National Park?
A) Twenty species
B) Five species
C) At least nine species
D) Twelve species
  • 35. Which group of plants is NOT represented among the fossil plant taxa in Petrified Forest National Park?
A) Lycophytes
B) Ferns
C) Cycads
D) Mosses
  • 36. What type of dinosaur fossils are found in the Petrified Forest National Park?
A) Early theropod dinosaurs
B) Ankylosaurs
C) Brachiosaurids
D) Stegosaurs
  • 37. What is the Köppen climate classification for Petrified Forest National Park?
A) Tropical rainforest (Af)
B) Mediterranean (Csa)
C) Humid continental (Dfa)
D) Cold semi-arid (BSk)
  • 38. What type of structures did Ancestral Pueblo families build during the Basketmaker III period?
A) Large pueblos with several hundred rooms
B) Stone towers
C) Above-ground masonry buildings
D) Shallow subterranean pit structures
  • 39. What is the name of the small masonry structure built from petrified wood that is open to the public?
A) Stone Axe
B) Agate House
C) Chinle House
D) Puerco Pueblo
  • 40. What was one reason for the out-migration of Ancestral Pueblo families from the Petrified Forest area?
A) Invasion by foreign tribes
B) A persistently dry climate
C) Earthquakes
D) Increased volcanic activity
  • 41. What name did Amiel Whipple give to the creek where he found petrified wood?
A) Triassic Creek
B) Lithodendron Creek (Stone Tree Creek)
C) Petrified Wood Creek
D) Chalcedony Creek
  • 42. What type of transport was experimentally used in a wagon road built between 1857 and 1860?
A) Oxen
B) Horses
C) Mules
D) Camels
  • 43. What was the Petrified Forest originally called when visitors could book a hotel room at Adamana train station?
A) Lithodendron Woods
B) Triassic Forest
C) Petrified Woodland
D) Chalcedony Forest
  • 44. In which year did the Arizona Territorial Legislature ask Congress to create a petrified forest national park?
A) 1895
B) 1919
C) 1906
D) 1883
  • 45. Which act signed by President Theodore Roosevelt was used to create the Petrified Forest National Monument in 1906?
A) Preservation Act
B) National Park Service Act
C) Antiquities Act
D) Conservation Act
  • 46. What year did the Petrified Forest become a national park?
A) 1985
B) 1934
C) 1962
D) 1906
  • 47. How many acres was the Petrified Forest National Park authorized to expand to in 2004?
A) 150,000 acres
B) 218,533 acres
C) 100,000 acres
D) 300,000 acres
  • 48. Who was the first archeologist to visit Puerco Ruin?
A) H.P. Mera
B) John Muir
C) Walter Hough
D) Jessee Walter Fewkes
  • 49. Which conservationist conducted the first excavations of Puerco Ruin in 1905–06?
A) Walter Hough
B) John Muir
C) H.P. Mera
D) Jessee Walter Fewkes
  • 50. Who conducted paleontological explorations in the park region in 1899?
A) Ynez Mexia
B) Charles Camp
C) Annie Alexander
D) Paleobotanist Lester Ward
  • 51. Where is the fossil material collected by Lester Ward now deposited?
A) Smithsonian Institution
B) Museum of Northern Arizona
C) University of California Museum of Paleontology
D) American Museum of Natural History
  • 52. Who discovered a phytosaur skull near Blue Mesa in 1919?
A) Maurice Mehl
B) Annie Alexander
C) Ynez Mexia
D) Charles Camp
  • 53. Who visited Blue Mesa to collect more phytosaur specimens after the 1919 discovery?
A) Ynez Mexia
B) Annie Alexander
C) Charles Camp
D) Maurice Mehl
  • 54. Which paleontologist was the most prolific collector in the early 20th century?
A) Edwin Colbert
B) Charles Camp
C) Michael Parrish
D) Paul Olsen
  • 55. What type of vegetation form is associated with the Grama Bouteloua/Galleta Hilaria Steppe in Petrified Forest National Park?
A) Alpine Tundra
B) Tropical Rainforest
C) Great Basin montane forest
D) Desert Grassland
  • 56. How many species of flora were found in a 2005 survey within Petrified Forest National Park?
A) 600
B) 500
C) 447
D) 300
  • 57. How many invasive plant species are present in the park according to the 2005 survey?
A) 57
B) 100
C) 30
D) 75
  • 58. What is the main environment of Petrified Forest National Park despite its fossils and eroded badlands?
A) Alpine Tundra
B) Tropical Rainforest
C) Semi-desert shrub steppe
D) Coastal Dune
  • 59. Which of the following is a dominant plant species in Petrified Forest National Park?
A) Maple tree
B) Oak tree
C) Blue grama
D) Pine tree
  • 60. Name one flowering species found growing among the grasses in the park.
A) Rose
B) Daisy
C) Evening primrose
D) Tulip
  • 61. Which shrub is native to Petrified Forest National Park?
A) Camellia
B) Azalea
C) Rhododendron
D) Sagebrush
  • 62. What type of grass species are bearded sprangletop and bush muhly?
A) Native perennial bunchgrass
B) Tropical grass
C) Invasive annual grass
D) Non-native ornamental grass
  • 63. Which invasive species crowds out slower-spreading natives in the park?
A) Pine tree
B) Cactus
C) Annual lovegrass
D) Oak tree
  • 64. What is one of the larger plants found in riparian zones along the park's washes?
A) Pine tree
B) Willows
C) Oak tree
D) Tropical palm
  • 65. Which invasive plant threatens native species by increasing soil salinity in riparian zones?
A) Eurasian tamarisk (saltcedar)
B) Oak tree
C) Pine tree
D) Cactus
  • 66. Which animal is known for its ability to sprint at speeds of up to 60 miles per hour?
A) Coyotes
B) Bobcats
C) Foxes
D) Pronghorns
  • 67. Which animal lives in colonies known as 'towns'?
A) Bobcats
B) Prairie dogs
C) Black-tailed jackrabbits
D) Coyotes
  • 68. Which species of lizard is the largest and most often seen in Petrified Forest National Park?
A) Collared lizard
B) Plateau striped whiptails
C) Side-blotched lizards
D) Gopher snakes
  • 69. Which amphibian is the largest toad found in Petrified Forest National Park?
A) Red-spotted toads
B) Woodhouse's toads
C) Spadefoot toads
D) Great Plains toad
  • 70. How many species of birds are known to have occurred in Petrified Forest National Park since it became a protected area?
A) 216
B) 300
C) 100
D) 150
  • 71. Which bird is the largest found in Petrified Forest National Park?
A) Western meadowlark
B) Common raven
C) Anna's hummingbird
D) Golden eagle
  • 72. What type of birds are most diverse during fall and winter migrations in Petrified Forest National Park?
A) Raptors
B) Birds
C) Ground birds
D) Songbirds
  • 73. Which bird is known for its ability to hover and fly backwards as well as forwards?
A) Anna's hummingbird
B) Western meadowlark
C) Golden eagle
D) Common raven
  • 74. Which bird species is attracted to developed areas around the visitor center and museum?
A) Western tanagers
B) House finches
C) Hermit warblers
D) All of the above
  • 75. Which snake sometimes imitates rattlesnakes when disturbed?
A) Side-blotched lizards
B) Prairie rattlesnakes
C) Collared lizards
D) Gopher snakes
  • 76. Which amphibian is most active in the rainy season, July through September?
A) Tiger salamanders
B) Spadefoot toads
C) Woodhouse's toads
D) Red-spotted toads
  • 77. Which bird is known for its charming song?
A) Golden eagle
B) Common raven
C) Anna's hummingbird
D) Western meadowlark
  • 78. Which architect designed the Painted Desert Visitor Center?
A) Richard Neutra
B) Frank Lloyd Wright
C) Le Corbusier
D) Zaha Hadid
  • 79. What historic designation was given to the Painted Desert Inn in 1987?
A) State Historical Monument
B) World Heritage Site
C) Local Historic District
D) National Historic Landmark
  • 80. What is the name of the orientation movie shown at the visitor center?
A) Desert Wonders
B) Timeless Impressions
C) Ancient Landscapes
D) Petrified Forest Secrets
  • 81. How often is 'Timeless Impressions' shown at the visitor center?
A) Three times a day
B) Twice a day
C) Every hour
D) Once every half-hour
  • 82. What type of service is available at the Rainbow Forest Museum complex?
A) Buffet-style meals
B) Limited food service
C) Full restaurant service
D) Catering services
  • 83. What is not allowed on trails and unpaved surfaces in Petrified Forest National Park?
A) Motorcycles
B) Foot traffic
C) Bicycles
D) Horses
  • 84. How many maintained hiking trails are there in the park?
A) Five
B) Nine
C) Seven
D) Ten
  • 85. What is limited to eight people in Petrified Forest National Park?
A) Day hiking groups
B) Visitor center tours
C) Backpacking expeditions
D) Group camping
  • 86. What type of program is offered at the Painted Desert Inn?
A) A painting session
B) A cooking class
C) A tour
D) A dance workshop
  • 87. What type of vehicle travel is not allowed in the park?
A) Bicycles on paved roads
B) Private automobiles
C) Commercial tours
D) Off-road vehicle travel
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