- 1. Cardiothoracic surgery is a specialized field of surgery that focuses on treating conditions of the heart, lungs, esophagus, and other organs within the chest cavity. It involves highly intricate procedures such as coronary artery bypass grafting, heart valve repair or replacement, lung resection, and other surgeries to address conditions like heart disease, lung cancer, and congenital heart defects. Cardiothoracic surgeons undergo extensive training to acquire the skills and expertise necessary to perform these complex surgeries safely and effectively, often working in collaboration with cardiologists, pulmonologists, and other healthcare professionals to provide comprehensive care for patients with cardiothoracic conditions.
Which of the following is a common indication for cardiothoracic surgery?
A) Osteoarthritis
B) Hypertension
C) Migraine
D) Coronary artery disease
- 2. What is the main purpose of a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery?
A) To improve blood flow to the heart muscle
B) To control abnormal heart rhythms
C) To repair heart valve defects
D) To remove blood clots from the heart
- 3. Which organ is primarily involved in thoracic surgery?
A) Kidneys
B) Brain
C) Liver
D) Lungs
- 4. What type of surgery is commonly performed for lung cancer?
A) Lobectomy
B) Cholecystectomy
C) Gastrectomy
D) Appendectomy
- 5. Which of the following conditions may require aortic valve replacement?
A) Aortic stenosis
B) Hypertension
C) Gastroesophageal reflux disease
D) Atrial fibrillation
- 6. What is the purpose of minimally invasive heart surgery?
A) To remove blood clots from the heart
B) To treat sleep apnea
C) To repair lung injuries
D) To reduce trauma and promote faster recovery
- 7. Which structure separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?
A) Umbilical cord
B) Bladder
C) Diaphragm
D) Trachea
- 8. Which of the following measures heart electrical activity?
A) Electrocardiogram (ECG)
B) Blood glucose test
C) X-ray
D) MRI scan
- 9. What is a common reason for performing a lobectomy in cardiothoracic surgery?
A) Lung cancer
B) Eczema
C) Stomach ulcer
D) Tennis elbow
- 10. Which vessel supplies oxygenated blood to the heart muscle itself?
A) Pulmonary arteries
B) Aorta
C) Coronary arteries
D) Hepatic vein
- 11. What is the function of the trachea?
A) To regulate body temperature
B) To pump blood to the rest of the body
C) To aid in digestion
D) To carry air to and from the lungs
- 12. Which material is commonly used for sutures in cardiothoracic surgery?
A) Silk
B) Cotton
C) Polypropylene
D) Nylon
- 13. What does a cardioversion procedure aim to do?
A) Restore normal heart rhythm
B) Control blood pressure
C) Improve kidney function
D) Reduce cholesterol levels
- 14. Which type of incision is commonly used in cardiothoracic surgery?
A) Median sternotomy
B) C-section incision
C) Appendectomy incision
D) Laparoscopic incision
- 15. What is the role of the P wave in an ECG reading?
A) Signals atrial relaxation
B) Indicates ventricular repolarization
C) Reflects ventricular depolarization
D) Represents atrial depolarization
- 16. Which surgeon specializes in performing cardiothoracic surgeries?
A) Dermatologist
B) Orthopedic surgeon
C) Cardiothoracic surgeon
D) Neurologist
- 17. Which imaging technique may be used in cardiothoracic surgery for preoperative planning?
A) X-ray
B) CT scan
C) MRI
D) Ultrasound
- 18. What is the purpose of a ventricular assist device (VAD)?
A) To stabilize blood sugar levels
B) To assist with breathing
C) To support heart function in patients with advanced heart failure
D) To treat kidney stones
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