- 1. Scandinavian history encompasses the rich and diverse heritage of the Nordic region, comprising the nations of Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Iceland. The history of Scandinavia is marked by a blend of Viking conquests, trade routes, cultural exchanges, and the development of strong maritime traditions. From the seafaring raids of the Vikings to the establishment of powerful kingdoms and the spread of Christianity, Scandinavian history is characterized by a unique mix of cultural influences and historical events that have shaped the region's identity and legacy. Today, Scandinavia is known for its modern social welfare systems, innovative design, and progressive values that reflect its enduring historical roots.
Who was the first King of Norway?
A) Harald Fairhair
B) Leif Eriksson
C) Olaf II
D) Erik the Red
- 2. Who unified Denmark, Norway, and Sweden in the Kalmar Union?
A) Olaf Tryggvason
B) Canute the Great
C) Gustav Vasa
D) Margaret I
- 3. Which Scandinavian country remained neutral during both World Wars?
A) Denmark
B) Norway
C) Finland
D) Sweden
- 4. Who wrote the epic poem 'Beowulf'?
A) Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
B) Egil Skallagrímsson
C) Snorri Sturluson
D) Unknown author
- 5. Who was the founder of the Kingdom of Sweden in the 10th century?
A) Sigurd the Mighty
B) Eric the Victorious
C) Gustav I Vasa
D) Olaf I of Sweden
- 6. What major event marked the end of the Swedish Empire in the early 18th century?
A) Seven Years' War
B) Great Northern War
C) Napoleonic Wars
D) Thirty Years' War
- 7. Which Scandinavian country is known as the 'Land of a Thousand Lakes'?
A) Finland
B) Norway
C) Denmark
D) Sweden
- 8. Who became the first Christian King of Denmark?
A) Gorm the Old
B) Canute the Great
C) Harald Bluetooth
D) Sweyn Forkbeard
- 9. Which famous Norwegian explorer discovered Greenland?
A) Fridtjof Nansen
B) Erik the Red
C) Thor Heyerdahl
D) Roald Amundsen
- 10. What was the name of the mighty warship built for King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden?
A) Dannebrog
B) Draken
C) Nordlys
D) Vasa
- 11. What year did Denmark officially abolish the slave trade?
A) 1733
B) 1803
C) 1857
D) 1920
- 12. Who was the first female Prime Minister of Denmark?
A) Helle Thorning-Schmidt
B) Lars Løkke Rasmussen
C) Poul-Erik Høyer
D) Margrethe Vestager
- 13. Which Swedish king is considered the 'father of modern Sweden'?
A) Charles XII
B) Gustav Vasa
C) Gustav III
D) Charles XIV John
- 14. Where did the Viking Age begin?
A) Scandinavia
B) England
C) Germany
D) Russia
- 15. Which treaty ended the Great Northern War in 1721?
A) Treaty of Nystad
B) Treaty of Kiel
C) Treaty of Copenhagen
D) Treaty of Roskilde
- 16. Who was the first King of Sweden from the House of Bernadotte?
A) Charles XIII
B) Charles XIV John
C) Karl II
D) Gustav IV Adolf
- 17. Who was the famous Danish astronomer known for his contributions to astronomy?
A) Tycho Brahe
B) Galileo Galilei
C) Isaac Newton
D) Johannes Kepler
- 18. Who was the last ruler of the Kalmar Union?
A) Christopher III
B) Christian II
C) Margaret I
D) Gustav I Vasa
- 19. What was the capital of the Kalmar Union?
A) Helsinki
B) Stockholm
C) Oslo
D) Copenhagen
- 20. Who was the first Christian king of Sweden?
A) Gustav I Vasa
B) Eric the Victorious
C) Björn Ironside
D) Olof Skötkonung
- 21. Which Finnish architect is known for his organic modernist buildings inspired by nature?
A) Elissa Aalto
B) Eero Saarinen
C) Juha Leiviskä
D) Alvar Aalto
- 22. Who was the first king of Denmark?
A) Canute the Great
B) Harald Bluetooth
C) Sweyn Forkbeard
D) Gorm the Old
- 23. Who was the Norwegian playwright and poet who wrote 'Peer Gynt'?
A) Henrik Ibsen
B) August Strindberg
C) Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson
D) Knut Hamsun
- 24. What was the name of the 1960s Swedish pop group that achieved international success with hits like 'Dancing Queen'?
A) Ace of Base
B) ABBA
C) Roxette
D) Europe
- 25. Which country occupied Norway during World War II?
A) United Kingdom
B) Sweden
C) Germany
D) Russia
- 26. What was the name of the famous 18th-century Swedish botanist and taxonomist?
A) Anders Celsius
B) Niels Bohr
C) Alfred Nobel
D) Carl Linnaeus
- 27. In which year did the Swedish Empire reach its greatest territorial extent?
A) 1814
B) 1905
C) 1523
D) 1658
- 28. What is the capital city of Finland?
A) Oslo
B) Helsinki
C) Copenhagen
D) Stockholm
- 29. Which Swedish diplomat played a key role in saving Jews during the Holocaust?
A) Raoul Wallenberg
B) Greta Thunberg
C) Dag Hammarskjöld
D) Olof Palme
- 30. The Swedish warship 'Vasa' sank on its maiden voyage in which year?
A) 1805
B) 1628
C) 1715
D) 1571
- 31. Which Scandinavian country was the first to adopt Christianity as its official religion?
A) Denmark
B) Sweden
C) Iceland
D) Norway
- 32. Who wrote the Finnish national epic 'Kalevala'?
A) Väinö Linna
B) Mika Waltari
C) Zachris Topelius
D) Elias Lönnrot
- 33. Which Viking explorer is believed to have discovered America?
A) Thorvald Asvaldsson
B) Harald Bluetooth
C) Erik the Red
D) Leif Erikson
- 34. What was the name of the infamous 14-century pandemic that spread across Scandinavia?
A) Yellow Fever
B) Spanish Flu
C) Black Death
D) Cholera
- 35. Who is recognized as the national poet of Iceland for his contribution to Icelandic literature and independence movement?
A) Snorri Sturluson
B) Hermann Hesse
C) Jónas Hallgrímsson
D) Bjarni Herjólfsson
- 36. Who founded the city of Stockholm?
A) Olaf II of Norway
B) Birger Jarl
C) Cnut the Great
D) Erik the Red
- 37. What was the name of the union between Denmark, Norway, and Sweden from 1397 to 1523?
A) Viking Confederation
B) Norse Alliance
C) Scandinavian Pact
D) Kalmar Union
- 38. In which year did Finland declare independence from Russia?
A) 1923
B) 1905
C) 1939
D) 1917
- 39. In which year did Iceland gain independence from Denmark?
A) 1944
B) 1989
C) 1918
D) 1864
- 40. Which Scandinavian country is known as the 'Land of the Midnight Sun'?
A) Finland
B) Sweden
C) Iceland
D) Norway
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