- 1. The French colony in Canada, known historically as New France, was established in the early 17th century and became a significant area of French colonial expansion in North America. Initially focused on the fur trade, the colony was centered around the St. Lawrence River, with Quebec City founded by Samuel de Champlain in 1608 serving as its capital. The French settlers, primarily composed of explorers, fur traders, and missionaries, developed a unique culture that blended indigenous influences with European traditions. Over the years, the colony expanded to include territories stretching from the Atlantic coast to the Great Lakes and down the Mississippi River, encompassing vast regions that would later become part of the United States and Canada. The relationship between the French colonists and Indigenous peoples was complex, involving trade, alliances, and sometimes conflict. The French also introduced Catholicism, which significantly influenced the region's cultural landscape. However, New France faced challenges, including competition from British colonial expansion and conflicts such as the French and Indian War, which ultimately led to its downfall. In 1763, following the Treaty of Paris, France ceded most of its North American territories to Britain, marking the end of the French colonial presence in Canada but leaving a lasting legacy on Canadian culture, language, and identity that persists to this day.
Which French explorer founded Quebec City in 1608, establishing the first permanent French colony in Canada?
A) Louis Jolliet
B) Jacques Cartier
C) Samuel de Champlain
D) Étienne Brûlé
- 2. Which treaty in 1763 marked the end of New France as a French colony in Canada?
A) Treaty of Utrecht
B) Treaty of Paris
C) Treaty of Tordesillas
D) Treaty of Versailles
- 3. Which French governor is known for surrendering to the British in 1759, leading to the fall of New France as a French colony in Canada?
A) Frontenac
B) Le Marquis de Tracy
C) Louis-Joseph de Montcalm
D) Jacques Raudot
- 4. What was the name of the last major military engagement between the French and British for control of the French colony in Canada?
A) Battle of Carillon
B) Battle of the Plains of Abraham
C) Battle of Louisbourg
D) Battle of Fort Duquesne
- 5. Which British general led the forces that captured Quebec City in 1759 from the French colony in Canada?
A) Thomas Gage
B) William Johnson
C) George Washington
D) James Wolfe
- 6. Who was the first French explorer to claim land in Canada for France in the 16th century?
A) Jacques Cartier
B) Louis Jolliet
C) Samuel de Champlain
D) René-Robert Cavelier de La Salle
- 7. Which French monarch granted a charter to the Compagnie des Cent-Associés to manage the French colony in Canada?
A) Francis I
B) Louis XIII
C) Louis XIV
D) Henry IV
- 8. What was the name of the large French fortress on Cape Breton Island that played a strategic role in the French-British conflicts over the French colony in Canada?
A) Fort Niagara
B) Louisbourg
C) Carillon
D) Chambly
- 9. Which river served as a crucial waterway for the French colony in Canada, enabling trade and transportation of goods?
A) St. Lawrence River
B) Hudson River
C) Mississippi River
D) Ohio River
- 10. What was the major fur-bearing animal that was central to the economic activities of the French colony in Canada?
A) Wolf
B) Fox
C) Moose
D) Beaver
- 11. What was the name of the French king who supported the exploration and colonization efforts in Canada in the 17th century?
A) Louis XIV
B) Louis XVI
C) Francis I
D) Henry IV
- 12. When did France first establish a colony in Canada?
A) 1756
B) 1492
C) 1608
D) 1820
- 13. What was the main economic activity in the French colony of Canada?
A) Agriculture
B) Mining
C) Fur trade
D) Shipbuilding
- 14. What was the name of the French administrative district that encompassed most of eastern Canada?
A) New France
B) Louisiana
C) Nova Scotia
D) Saint-Domingue
- 15. In which year did France formally cede Canada to Britain?
A) 1832
B) 1763
C) 1707
D) 1801
- 16. Which European country allied with the French in the Seven Years' War but did not contribute troops to the defense of New France?
A) Austria
B) Russia
C) Spain
D) Prussia
- 17. What was the primary religion followed by the French colonists in Canada?
A) Eastern Orthodoxy
B) Roman Catholicism
C) Anglicanism
D) Protestantism
- 18. What was the name of the French viceroy in Canada who implemented the seigneurial system to promote settlement in New France?
A) Frontenac
B) Jean Talon
C) Louis de Buade
D) François de Montmorency-Laval
- 19. What was the name of the French fort in present-day Pennsylvania that played a strategic role in the French and Indian War?
A) Fort Niagara
B) Fort Detroit
C) Fort Duquesne
D) Fort Ticonderoga
- 20. What was the name of the French fortification in the Great Lakes region that played a strategic role in the defense of New France?
A) Fort Frontenac
B) Fort Carillon
C) Fort Saint-Frédéric
D) Fort Niagara
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