Ganges River - Exam
Ganges River
  • 1. In which country is the Ganges River located?
A) Nepal
B) Bangladesh
C) China
D) India
  • 2. Which mountain range is the source of the Ganges River?
A) Alps
B) Rocky
C) Himalayas
D) Andes
  • 3. Which city is located at the mouth of the Ganges River?
A) Kolkata
B) Dhaka
C) Varanasi
D) Delhi
  • 4. What is the major environmental issue facing the Ganges River?
A) Overfishing
B) Pollution
C) Climate change
D) Deforestation
  • 5. What is the highest peak in the Himalayas and serves as the source of the Ganges River?
A) K2
B) Everest
C) Gangotri
D) Annapurna
  • 6. What is the Ganges River known as in Hindi?
A) Ganga
B) Godavari
C) Brahmaputra
D) Yamuna
  • 7. Which city is often considered the spiritual capital of India due to its location on the Ganges River?
A) Varanasi
B) Delhi
C) Mumbai
D) Jaipur
  • 8. What is the important festival associated with the Ganges River?
A) Holi
B) Diwali
C) Navratri
D) Ganga Dussehra
  • 9. Which historical figure is traditionally credited with performing the ritual that brought the Ganges River to Earth?
A) Mahatma Gandhi
B) Bhagiratha
C) Akbar the Great
D) Ashoka the Great
  • 10. What is the name of the Ganges River when it enters Bangladesh?
A) Jamuna
B) Brahmaputra
C) Meghna
D) Padma
  • 11. Which river is considered the source stream in Hindu mythology for the Ganges?
A) The Yamuna
B) The Alaknanda
C) The Son
D) The Bhagirathi
  • 12. Where does the main stem of the Ganges begin at its confluence?
A) Devprayag, Uttarakhand
B) Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh
C) Haridwar, Uttarakhand
D) Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh
  • 13. Which river joins the Ganges at Prayagraj?
A) The Yamuna River
B) The Ramganga River
C) The Son River
D) The Ghaghara River
  • 14. What is the largest tributary of the Ganges by discharge?
A) The Kosi River
B) The Son River
C) The Ghaghara (Karnali) River
D) The Yamuna River
  • 15. Which river is the largest distributary of the Brahmaputra?
A) The Padma River
B) The Surma River
C) The Meghna River
D) The Jamuna River
  • 16. What is formed by the confluence of the Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Meghna rivers?
A) The Ganges Delta
B) The Bengal Fan
C) The Hooghly River
D) The Sundarbans
  • 17. What percentage of its flow is diverted southwards by a feeder canal in West Bengal?
A) 75%
B) 25%
C) 100%
D) 50%
  • 18. Which river system has the second-largest discharge on earth after the Amazon and Congo?
A) The Mekong River System
B) The Ganges–Brahmaputra–Meghna system
C) The Yangtze River System
D) The Nile River System
  • 19. What is the length of the Ganges River?
A) 3,000 kilometers (1,864 miles)
B) 2,525 kilometers (1,569 miles)
C) 4,500 kilometers (2,796 miles)
D) 5,000 kilometers (3,107 miles)
  • 20. Which of the following cities is not located on the banks of the Ganges?
A) Patna
B) Varanasi
C) Kanpur
D) Mumbai
  • 21. Which critically endangered species is found in the Ganges?
A) Bengal tiger
B) Snow leopard
C) South Asian river dolphin
D) Indian elephant
  • 22. What is the approximate number of fish species found in the Ganges?
A) 300 species
B) 140 species
C) 200 species
D) 50 species
  • 23. What is the name of the Ganges' largest distributary that eventually becomes the Hooghly River?
A) Meghna
B) Bhāgirathi-Hooghly
C) Jamuna
D) Padma
  • 24. Which city is located at the confluence of the Ganges and Yamuna rivers?
A) Kanpur
B) Varanasi
C) Haridwar
D) Prayagraj (Allahabad)
  • 25. Which river joins the Ganges at Farakka, West Bengal?
A) The Son River
B) The Yamuna River
C) The Ghaghara River
D) The Bhāgirathi-Hooghly River
  • 26. What is the approximate length of the Ganges Delta?
A) 800 kilometers (497 miles)
B) 200 kilometers (124 miles)
C) 600 kilometers (373 miles)
D) 400 kilometers (250 miles)
  • 27. Which city is located at the end of the Ganges Delta?
A) Kolkata
B) Dhaka
C) Sagar Island
D) Chittagong
  • 28. Which tectonic plate does the Indian subcontinent lie atop?
A) African Plate
B) Eurasian Plate
C) Pacific Plate
D) Indian tectonic plate
  • 29. The Indian subcontinent was originally part of which supercontinent?
A) Rodinia
B) Laurasia
C) Gondwana
D) Pangaea
  • 30. How long did the northeastward drift of the Indian subcontinent last?
A) One hundred million years
B) Seventy-five million years
C) Thirty million years
D) Fifty million years
  • 31. What is the geological term for the Indo-Gangetic Plain?
A) Volcanic arc
B) Plateau
C) Foredeep or foreland basin
D) Canyon
  • 32. Which ocean was unformed when the Indian subcontinent began its drift?
A) Indian Ocean
B) Pacific Ocean
C) Arctic Ocean
D) Atlantic Ocean
  • 33. What caused the creation of a vast trough south of the emerging Himalayas?
A) Erosion by rivers
B) Meteor impact
C) Plate movement
D) Volcanic activity
  • 34. What geological processes began seventy-five million years ago in the Indian subcontinent?
A) Formation of the Himalayas
B) Northeastward drift across the then unformed Indian Ocean
C) Subduction under the Eurasian Plate
D) Creation of the Indo-Gangetic Plain
  • 35. What is the significance of the Indo-Australian Plate in relation to the Indian subcontinent?
A) It formed the Himalayas
B) It created the Indo-Gangetic Plain
C) The Indian tectonic plate is a minor plate within it
D) It collided with the Eurasian Plate
  • 36. What percentage of the Ganges basin is located in India?
A) About 90%
B) About 50%
C) About 60%
D) About 80%
  • 37. Which mountain range marks the southern boundary of the Ganges basin?
A) The Vindhya range
B) The Transhimalaya
C) The Himalayas
D) The Aravalli range
  • 38. Which peak is not part of the Ganges basin?
A) Kangchenjunga
B) K2
C) Mount Everest
D) Lhotse
  • 39. Which river was the main channel of the Ganges before the late 12th century?
A) The Jamuna River
B) The Padma River
C) The Bhagirathi-Hooghly distributary
D) The Adi Ganga
  • 40. What caused the Teesta River to change course in 1787?
A) Human intervention
B) An earthquake
C) A great flood
D) Drought conditions
  • 41. Which nation did the Ganges form the eastern boundary for, as mentioned by Megasthenes?
A) Gangaridai
B) Persia
C) Rome
D) Egypt
  • 42. Which peak is the high point of the Ganges basin?
A) Mount Everest
B) Lhotse
C) Makalu
D) Kangchenjunga
  • 43. From whose foot does Ganga emanate in the avatarana story?
A) Brahma's
B) Indra's
C) Shiva's
D) Vishnu's
  • 44. Who does Ganga marry in the Mahabharata?
A) Shantanu
B) Pandu
C) Dhritarashtra
D) Bhishma
  • 45. Which turtle is the Indian eyed turtle?
A) Morenia petersi
B) Batagur baska
C) Pangshura smithii
D) Lissemys punctata
  • 46. What is Shiva's title that signifies his relationship with Ganga?
A) Trimurti
B) Nataraja
C) Gangadhara
D) Mahadeva
  • 47. Who was the first European traveller to mention the Ganges?
A) Christopher Columbus
B) The Greek envoy Megasthenes
C) Vasco da Gama
D) Marco Polo
  • 48. Who was an advisor to Chandragupta Maurya and included the destruction of dams and levees as a strategy during war?
A) Firuz Shah Tughlaq
B) Kautilya (Chanakya)
C) Megasthenes
D) Shah Jahan
  • 49. During which era was the Ganges personified as the goddess Ganga?
A) Vedic Period
B) Modern Age (1500 – Present)
C) British Colonial Era
D) Classical and Medieval Age (200 BCE – 1500 CE)
  • 50. What is a unique feature of some naga sanyasis at Kumbh Mela?
A) They only participate in religious discussions
B) Some may not wear any clothes.
C) They avoid ritual bathing
D) They always wear saffron sheets
  • 51. Which of these turtles is considered the Indian softshell turtle?
A) Pangshura tecta
B) Melanochelys trijuga
C) Nilssonia gangetica
D) Geoclemys hamiltonii
  • 52. In which year did the construction of the Ganges Canal begin?
A) 1836
B) 1839
C) 1842
D) 1854
  • 53. Which turtle is the red-crowned roofed turtle?
A) Melanochelys trijuga
B) Batagur kachuga
C) Pangshura smithii
D) Chitra indica
  • 54. In which century did the purna kumbha become an established feature in Ganga's iconography?
A) By the 11th century.
B) By the 7th century.
C) By the 5th century.
D) By the 9th century.
  • 55. What was constructed by India to desilt the Kolkata port, causing downstream concerns in Bangladesh?
A) Hooghly River Dam
B) Yamuna Flood Control System
C) Ganges Canal
D) Farakka Barrage
  • 56. Which tree dominates the early seral forest communities in the lower Gangetic Plain?
A) Pine trees
B) Maple trees
C) Oak trees
D) Bombax ceiba
  • 57. Which Indian state is not part of the Ganges basin?
A) Kerala
B) West Bengal
C) Uttarakhand
D) Bihar
  • 58. Who disturbs Sage Kapila's meditation leading to the avatarana story?
A) Shiva
B) Indra
C) The sixty thousand sons of King Sagara.
D) Vishnu
  • 59. How many fish species were recorded in a major study of the Ganges basin from 2007 to 2009?
A) 143
B) 100
C) 175
D) 250
  • 60. Which species is referred to as the Indian peacock softshell turtle?
A) Batagur baska
B) Nilssonia hurum
C) Crocodylus palustris
D) Pelochelys cantorii
  • 61. Which turtle is known as the Indian black turtle?
A) Melanochelys trijuga
B) Geoclemys hamiltonii
C) Morenia petersi
D) Pangshura smithii
  • 62. What percentage of the upper Gangetic Plain has been degraded or converted to agriculture?
A) 75%
B) 85%
C) 50%
D) More than 95%
  • 63. Which season is responsible for about 84% of the total rainfall in the Ganges basin?
A) The Northeast Monsoon
B) Summer
C) The Southwest Monsoon
D) Winter
  • 64. Who is responsible for taming the Ganges' descent to prevent it from shattering the earth?
A) Shiva, who receives her in his tangled hair.
B) Brahma
C) Vishnu
D) Indra
  • 65. Which avatar of Vishnu completes three strides leading to the release of Vishnupadi?
A) Narasimha
B) Krishna
C) Rama
D) Vamana.
  • 66. Which turtle is referred to as the brown roofed turtle?
A) Pangshura smithii
B) Morenia petersi
C) Nilssonia gangetica
D) Chitra indica
  • 67. What was established by the Sena dynasty that centered around the riverine heartlands?
A) Mughal Administration
B) Kulinism social structure
C) Islamic Caliphate
D) British Colonial Rule
  • 68. Who receives the Vishnupadi in Indra's heaven according to the Vaishnava version?
A) Dhruva, once a steadfast worshipper of Vishnu.
B) Indra
C) Brahma
D) Vishnu
  • 69. Which empire used the Ganges as a vital trade artery?
A) The Mughal Empire
B) The British Empire
C) The Mauryan Empire
D) The Gupta Empire
  • 70. Which family is the second most diverse in the middle section of the Ganges basin?
A) Clupeidae
B) Bagridae
C) Schilbeidae
D) Cyprinidae
  • 71. What type of ecoregion is nearly extinct in the Sundarbans?
A) Freshwater swamp ecoregion
B) Desert ecoregion
C) Temperate forest ecoregion
D) Tropical rainforest ecoregion
  • 72. Which river was the main channel of the Ganges before it shifted to the Padma?
A) The Meghna River
B) The Bhagirathi-Hooghly
C) The Jamuna River
D) The Adi Ganga
  • 73. Which turtle is referred to as the three-striped roofed turtle?
A) Geoclemys hamiltonii
B) Batagur dhongoka
C) Batagur baska
D) Pangshura tentoria
  • 74. Where is the Lav Khush Barrage located?
A) Kanpur
B) Patna
C) Varanasi
D) Rishikesh
  • 75. Which town is popular for river rafting on the Ganges?
A) Rishikesh
B) Prayagraj
C) Haridwar
D) Varanasi
  • 76. Which city rose to prominence as a major medieval metropolis and capital of the Bengal Sultanate?
A) Haridwar
B) Gauḍa
C) Varanasi
D) Delhi
  • 77. In which work did Megasthenes mention the Ganges?
A) Indica
B) The Histories
C) Geographia
D) The Odyssey
  • 78. In the Vaishnava version, what was the name of the heavenly waters before they became the Ganges?
A) Vishnupadi.
B) Indrapani
C) Apsara
D) Soma
  • 79. What does the dwarf attendant carry in Ganga's iconography?
A) A musical instrument.
B) A sacred scripture.
C) A shield and spear.
D) A cosmetic bag.
  • 80. Which of these turtles is the northern river terrapin?
A) Nilssonia hurum
B) Pangshura tecta
C) Batagur baska
D) B. dhongoka
  • 81. Which turtle is called the Brahminy river turtle?
A) Nilssonia gangetica
B) Melanochelys trijuga
C) Hardella thurjii
D) Lissemys punctata
  • 82. Which turtle species is known as the Cantor's giant softshell turtle?
A) Pangshura smithii
B) Nilssonia gangetica
C) Chitra indica
D) Pelochelys cantorii
  • 83. Through which celestial body does the Ganges flow after being released from heaven?
A) Andromeda
B) The Milky Way.
C) Orion's Belt
D) Ursa Major
  • 84. How did the Ganges serve the Delhi Sultanate during its establishment?
A) As a trade route to Europe
B) As a recreational area
C) As a primary source of drinking water
D) As both a strategic barrier and a logistics corridor
  • 85. What was the length of the main Ganges Canal?
A) 480 km (300 mi)
B) 700 km (435 mi)
C) 240 km (150 mi)
D) 560 km (350 mi)
  • 86. Which tree species grows in the Sundarbans area of the Ganges Delta?
A) Sundarbands mangroves (Heritiera fomes)
B) Deodar trees
C) Teak trees
D) Banyan trees
  • 87. Which turtle is known as the Indian flapshell turtle?
A) Lissemys punctata
B) Chitra indica
C) Pangshura smithii
D) Morenia petersi
  • 88. In the Vedic version of the avatarana, who slays the celestial serpent Vritra?
A) Indra, the Lord of Svarga (Heaven)
B) Shiva
C) Vishnu
D) Brahma
  • 89. Which crocodilian species is found specifically in the main sections of the Ganges River?
A) Gharial (Gavialis gangeticus)
B) Indian black turtle (Melanochelys trijuga)
C) Saltwater crocodile (Crocodylus porosus)
D) Mugger crocodile (Crocodylus palustris)
  • 90. What is one of the primary issues threatening fish species in the Ganges basin?
A) Overfishing
B) Natural disasters
C) Predation by birds
D) Climate change
  • 91. Which family follows Cyprinidae in terms of species count in the upper section of the Ganges basin?
A) Sisoridae
B) Clupeidae
C) Schilbeidae
D) Balitoridae
  • 92. Which fish commonly caught in the Ganges fisheries is a type of catfish?
A) Rohu (Labeo rohita)
B) Milkfish (Chanos chanos)
C) Catla (Catla catla)
D) Goonch catfish (Bagarius)
  • 93. Where do Bengal tigers survive in the Ganges Delta?
A) Rajasthan desert
B) Sundarbans area
C) Eastern Himalayas
D) Western Ghats
  • 94. Which turtle is known as the black pond turtle?
A) Morenia petersi
B) Pangshura tecta
C) Geoclemys hamiltonii
D) Hardella thurjii
  • 95. When was the major barrage at Farakka opened?
A) 30 December 1996
B) 15 August 1969
C) 21 April 1975
D) 1 January 1980
  • 96. Which historian described the Ganges Canal as the largest ever attempted in the world?
A) Ian Stone
B) Col. John Russell Colvin
C) Lord Dalhousie
D) Sir Proby Thomas Cautley
  • 97. What was the primary source of tax revenue for the Sultans of Delhi?
A) Control over the Doab
B) Trade tariffs on silk
C) Revenue from mining operations
D) Tribute from Southeast Asia
  • 98. What happens to the sixty thousand sons of King Sagara when disturbed by Sage Kapila?
A) They become celestial beings
B) They are seared with his angry gaze, reduced to ashes.
C) They are banished from heaven
D) They are turned into stones
  • 99. Who built an irrigation canal on the Yamuna River in the early 17th century?
A) Firuz Shah Tughlaq
B) Shah Jahan
C) Col. John Russell Colvin
D) Kautilya (Chanakya)
  • 100. Where does the Ganges first arrive in the plains according to the avatarana story?
A) At Ganges Sagar
B) At Prayag
C) At Haridwar.
D) In Varanasi
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