Chichen Itza - Test
Chichen Itza
  • 1. Where is Chichen Itza located?
A) Brazil
B) Guatemala
C) Mexico
D) Peru
  • 2. Which ancient civilization built Chichen Itza?
A) Inca
B) Maya
C) Olmec
D) Aztec
  • 3. What is the name of the famous pyramid in Chichen Itza?
A) The Temple of the Moon
B) El Castillo
C) Machu Picchu
D) Teotihuacan
  • 4. What does the name 'Chichen Itza' mean in English?
A) At the mouth of the well of the Itza
B) City of Gold
C) Sacred Place
D) Lost City
  • 5. What is the name of the sacred cenote at Chichen Itza?
A) Cenote Azul
B) Cenote Sagrado
C) Cenote Dos Ojos
D) Cenote Ik Kil
  • 6. Which astronomical event is associated with Chichen Itza's Kukulcan pyramid?
A) Solstice
B) Eclipse
C) Equinox
D) Meteor shower
  • 7. When was Chichen Itza designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site?
A) 1975
B) 1996
C) 2003
D) 1988
  • 8. What type of architectural feature is the Platform of the Skulls in Chichen Itza?
A) Marketplace
B) Aqueduct
C) Tzompantli
D) Palace
  • 9. Which architectural styles are evident at Chichen Itza?
A) Only Puuc and Chenes styles
B) Only Central Mexican styles
C) Only Mayan styles
D) Central Mexican styles, Puuc, and Chenes styles
  • 10. Who maintains the stewardship of Chichen Itza?
A) The United Nations
B) The state of Yucatán
C) Mexico's Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia
D) Private owners
  • 11. When did the state of Yucatán purchase the land under the monuments?
A) 15 August 2015
B) 29 March 2010
C) 1 January 2000
D) 31 December 2005
  • 12. How many tourists visited Chichen Itza in 2017?
A) Over 1 million
B) Over 3 million
C) Over 2.6 million
D) Over 500,000
  • 13. What does 'Itzá' mean in the context of the Itzá ethnic-lineage group?
A) Sorcerer
B) Leader
C) Warrior
D) Priest
  • 14. What is one possible earlier name for Chichen Itza?
A) Itzá
B) Uuc Yabnal
C) Maya
D) Tollan
  • 15. Which book records the earlier name of Chichen Itza?
A) Chilam Balam de Chumayel
B) Codex Borbonicus
C) Codex Mendoza
D) Popol Vuh
  • 16. What does the first word of the earlier name for Chichen Itza mean?
A) Place
B) Seven
C) Great
D) House
  • 17. In which state of Mexico is Chichen Itza located?
A) Veracruz
B) Guerrero
C) Chiapas
D) Yucatán
  • 18. What type of geological feature characterizes the northern Yucatán Peninsula?
A) Mountainous
B) Volcanic
C) Karst
D) Desert
  • 19. What natural feature at Chichen Itza provided plentiful water year-round?
A) Rivers
B) Lakes
C) Springs
D) Cenotes
  • 20. To which deity were sacrifices made into the Cenote Sagrado?
A) Itzamna
B) Chaac
C) Ix Chel
D) Kukulkan
  • 21. Who dredged the Cenote Sagrado from 1904 to 1910?
A) Edward Herbert Thompson
B) Tikal
C) John Lloyd Stephens
D) Frederick Catherwood
  • 22. What did the study of human remains from the Cenote Sagrado reveal?
A) Signs of disease
B) Marks of ritual scarification
C) Evidence of natural death
D) Wounds consistent with human sacrifice
  • 23. Which theory about Chichen Itza's political organization has been called into question in recent years?
A) The multepal system theory.
B) The theory of a democratic system.
C) The theory of a single dynastic lineage.
D) The theory of a theocratic system.
  • 24. What was the primary economic activity that contributed to Chichen Itza's power?
A) Textile production.
B) Agriculture and farming.
C) Participating in the water-borne circum-peninsular trade route.
D) Mining and metalwork.
  • 25. What was the earliest hieroglyphic date discovered at Chichen Itza?
A) 832 AD.
B) 900 AD.
C) 750 AD.
D) 600 AD.
  • 26. What was the last known hieroglyphic date recorded at Chichen Itza?
A) 1050 AD.
B) 1200 AD.
C) 998 AD.
D) 900 AD.
  • 27. Who prophesied his own rise to power according to the Book of Chilam Balam of Chumayel?
A) Augustus Le Plongeon
B) Francisco de Montejo
C) Teobert Maler
D) Hunac Ceel
  • 28. What name did Francisco Montejo The Younger give to Chichen Itza after he arrived there?
A) Ciudad Real
B) Campeche
C) Xaman Haʼ
D) Montejo
  • 29. In which year did Francisco Montejo The Younger abandon Chichen Itza?
A) 1527
B) 1534
C) 1535
D) 1531
  • 30. Who published the first long-form description of Chichen Itza in 'Biologia Centrali-Americana'?
A) Frederick Catherwood
B) Alfred Maudslay
C) John Lloyd Stephens
D) Désiré Charnay
  • 31. Who excavated a statue at Chichen Itza in 1875 and named it 'Chacmol'?
A) Teobert Maler
B) Augustus Le Plongeon
C) Alfred Maudslay
D) Edward Herbert Thompson
  • 32. Which institution conducted long-term archaeological research at Chichen Itza starting in 1913?
A) National Geographic
B) INAH
C) Carnegie Institution
D) Peabody Museum
  • 33. In which year did the Mexican Supreme Court rule that Edward Thompson had broken no laws regarding the artifacts?
A) 1923
B) 1913
C) 1944
D) 1932
  • 34. Who began excavations adjacent to El Castillo in 2009 to investigate construction that predated it?
A) Edward Herbert Thompson
B) Rafael (Rach) Cobos
C) Sylvanus G. Morley
D) Fernando Barbachano Peon
  • 35. Which Maya city was established as a capital by Francisco de Montejo?
A) Chichen Itza
B) Mayapan
C) Campeche
D) Xaman Haʼ
  • 36. What was the primary reason the Spanish chose the region around Chichen Itza to locate a capital?
A) The relatively high population density
B) The strategic military location
C) The presence of gold mines
D) The abundance of natural resources
  • 37. Who was the first to publish photographs of Chichen Itza?
A) Désiré Charnay
B) Alfred Maudslay
C) John Lloyd Stephens
D) Frederick Catherwood
  • 38. Which architectural style is concentrated in the Old Chichén area and also seen in the Nunnery Group?
A) Puuc-style architecture
B) Toltec style
C) Río Bec style
D) Chenes-style architecture
  • 39. Which complex includes the Temple of Kukulcán (El Castillo) and the Great Ball Court?
A) The Central Group
B) The Osario Group
C) The Great North Platform
D) The Group of the Initial Series
  • 40. Which architectural style features ornate façades and masked doorways?
A) Toltec style
B) Chenes-style architecture
C) Río Bec style
D) Puuc-style architecture
  • 41. What was done to the terrain of Chichen Itza to facilitate construction?
A) The broken terrain was artificially levelled
B) The terrain was left as is
C) The terrain was excavated to create terraces
D) The terrain was covered with sand
  • 42. Which architectural group includes the pyramid of the same name and the Temple of Xtoloc?
A) The Osario Group
B) The Great North Platform
C) The Central Group
D) The Group of the Lintels
  • 43. What type of masonry is characteristic of the Puuc-style architecture at Chichen Itza?
A) Fine veneers
B) Stone slabs
C) Adobe bricks
D) Block masonry walls
  • 44. How many square terraces does the Temple of Kukulcán have?
A) Seven
B) Eight
C) Ten
D) Nine
  • 45. What was discovered under the north side of the pyramid during the 1930s excavation?
A) A series of tunnels
B) A hidden treasure
C) A large chamber filled with artifacts
D) A staircase leading to another temple
  • 46. What is the angle of the protruding stairways on the pyramid?
A) 75°
B) 60°
C) 30°
D) 45°
  • 47. What was revealed by the 3D modeling and multimodal scanning in 2025?
A) A hidden chamber filled with artifacts
B) An earlier pyramid substructure called 'Castillo-sub' within the larger 'El Castillo' pyramid
C) A new staircase leading to the top
D) A series of underground tunnels
  • 48. What is the base length of the sides of the pyramid?
A) Approximately 60 meters
B) Approximately 50 meters
C) Approximately 45 meters
D) Approximately 55.3 meters
  • 49. What is the angle at which the sides of the pyramid rise?
A) 53°
B) 70°
C) 60°
D) 45°
  • 50. What is the color of the throne found in the temple chamber?
A) Yellow
B) Green
C) Blue
D) Red
  • 51. What material was used for the spots on the throne?
A) Silver
B) Inlaid jade
C) Bronze
D) Gold
  • 52. How many ballcourts have archaeologists identified in Chichen Itza?
A) Ten
B) Eight
C) Thirteen
D) Fifteen
  • 53. What is depicted in the center of the rings carved on the walls of the platforms?
A) Jaguars
B) Intertwined feathered serpents
C) Human figures
D) Birds
  • 54. What is depicted in the mural inside the Upper Temple of the Jaguar?
A) A ball game
B) A market scene
C) A religious ceremony
D) A battle scene
  • 55. What motif is found on the columns guarding the entrance to the Upper Temple of the Jaguar?
A) Jaguar
B) Feathered serpent
C) Eagle
D) Human figure
  • 56. What is the condition of the bas-relief carvings inside the Lower Temple of the Jaguar?
A) Elaborate
B) Damaged beyond recognition
C) Simple
D) Nonexistent
  • 57. During which time period were the individuals discovered at Chichen Itza dated back to?
A) 1000-1200 CE
B) 500-900 CE
C) 300-500 CE
D) 1200-1500 CE
  • 58. How many individuals were analyzed in the genome-wide association study at Chichen Itza?
A) 80
B) 50
C) 72
D) 64
  • 59. What were decapitated heads likely used for in Maya ceremonies?
A) Displayed as sacred items
B) Used as food
C) Used as tools
D) Used as weapons
  • 60. In which year were the remains of more than 100 children discovered in Chichen Itza?
A) 1975
B) 1967
C) 1980
D) 1990
  • 61. What did DNA testing reveal about the gender of the children's remains?
A) The remains exclusively came from males
B) The gender of the remains could not be determined
C) The remains were from both males and females
D) The remains exclusively came from females
  • 62. Who was a key member of the archaeological expedition and restoration of the Temple of the Warriors?
A) Mary Leakey
B) Earl H. Morris
C) Zahi Hawass
D) Howard Carter
  • 63. What was the original belief about the purpose of El Mercado?
A) A marketplace
B) A ceremonial site
C) A ball court
D) A residential area
  • 64. What are the two small buildings south of the Osario believed to be?
A) Ball courts
B) Temples
C) Marketplaces
D) Residences for important personages
  • 65. What does the Maya name 'Chichanchob' possibly mean?
A) Big house
B) Small holes
C) Ancient ruins
D) Sacred place
  • 66. Which organization restored a small ball court in 2009?
A) National Geographic
B) UNESCO
C) Smithsonian Institution
D) INAH
  • 67. What is the name of the building that is half standing and named after a deer painting?
A) La Casa del Venado
B) La Casa de los Pintores
C) La Casa de los Ritos
D) La Casa del Sol
  • 68. Where is the Casa Colorada located in relation to the Osario Group?
A) South
B) North
C) West
D) East
  • 69. What is the condition of most buildings in the Casa Colorada Group, with one exception?
A) Under construction
B) Fully restored
C) Decrepit mounds
D) Well-preserved
  • 70. What is the Spanish name for the Las Monjas complex at Chichen Itza?
A) The Nuns
B) The Palace
C) The Temple
D) The Observatory
  • 71. What is the Las Monjas complex believed to have been used for?
A) A marketplace
B) A governmental palace
C) A temple
D) A residential building
  • 72. Which ruler is frequently mentioned in the hieroglyphic texts at Las Monjas?
A) Kʼinich Janaab Pakal
B) Kʼakʼupakal
C) Pacal the Great
D) Kʼinich Kan Bʼalam
  • 73. What is the Spanish name for the building known as El Caracol?
A) The Nunnery
B) The Observatory
C) The Church
D) The Snail
  • 74. What is the primary theory about the function of El Caracol?
A) A palace
B) A proto-observatory
C) A marketplace
D) A temple
  • 75. Which celestial body is El Caracol theorized to be aligned with?
A) Mars
B) The Sun
C) Venus
D) The Moon
  • 76. What does the name Akab Dzib mean in Yucatec Mayan?
A) Bright Writing
B) Dark Writing
C) Sacred Writing
D) Mystical Writing
  • 77. What was the earlier name of Akab Dzib according to the Casa Colorada glyphs?
A) Cenote Sagrado
B) Wa(k)wak Puh Ak Na
C) Las Monjas
D) El Caracol
  • 78. In what year was Akab Dzib restored by INAH?
A) 2010
B) 2000
C) 2007
D) 1999
  • 79. Which façade of Akab Dzib is considered the front of the structure?
A) The southern façade
B) The western façade
C) The eastern façade
D) The northern façade
  • 80. What is located at the southern end of Akab Dzib?
A) One entrance
B) Two entrances
C) A cenote
D) A staircase
  • 81. What is found above the doorway on the opposite wall inside the southern end of Akab Dzib?
A) A cenote
B) A mural
C) Intricately carved glyphs
D) A stone spiral staircase
  • 82. What unique feature is found inside one of the chambers at Akab Dzib?
A) A cenote
B) A painted hand print
C) A mural
D) A stone spiral staircase
  • 83. When is Old Chichén planned to reopen to visitors?
A) 2024
B) 2023
C) 2025
D) 2022
  • 84. What is the size of the ceremonial center at Chichen Itza?
A) About 5 square kilometers
B) About 3 square kilometers
C) About 7 square kilometers
D) About 10 square kilometers
  • 85. Who discovered a false wall in the Caves of Balankanche in 1959?
A) Edward Thompson
B) A.S. Pearse
C) José Humberto Gómez
D) E. Wyllys Andrews IV
  • 86. In what year was the gamma-ray spectrometry analysis of the North Temple of the Great Ball Court conducted?
A) 2026
B) 2025
C) 2024
D) 2023
  • 87. What material was primarily used in the construction of the North Temple of the Great Ball Court?
A) Sandstone
B) Limestone
C) Granite
D) Marble
  • 88. How many original pieces from various institutions are displayed in the Great Museum of Chichen Itza?
A) 200 originals
B) 1,000 originals
C) 600 originals
D) 400 originals
  • 89. How many thematic axes does the museum offer to explore the history of Chichen Itza?
A) 10 thematic axes
B) 20 thematic axes
C) 14 thematic axes
D) 12 thematic axes
  • 90. What type of sculptures are displayed in the Great Museum of Chichen Itza?
A) Aztec deity sculptures
B) Incan ruler sculptures
C) Mayan warrior sculptures
D) Chac Mool sculptures
  • 91. What is a stone table with reliefs of captives called in the Great Museum of Chichen Itza?
A) Mayan throne
B) Incan monument
C) Aztec altar
D) Chac Mool
  • 92. What language does the gastronomic center in the museum promote?
A) The French language.
B) The Mayan language.
C) The English language.
D) The Spanish language.
  • 93. Who popularized the Maya Yucatán in the public's imagination with his book 'Incidents of Travel in Yucatan'?
A) Benjamin Norman
B) John Lloyd Stephens
C) Baron Emanuel von Friedrichsthal
D) Francisco Gomez Rul
  • 94. Who was the first person to photograph Chichen Itza?
A) Benjamin Norman
B) Edward Thompson
C) Baron Emanuel von Friedrichsthal
D) John Lloyd Stephens
  • 95. In which year did Edward Thompson purchase the Hacienda Chichén, which included Chichen Itza?
A) 1944
B) 1894
C) 1910
D) 1923
  • 96. Who began Yucatán's first official tourism business in the early 1920s?
A) Fernando Barbachano Peon
B) Francisco Gomez Rul
C) Felipe Carrillo Puerto
D) Edward Thompson
  • 97. What was the name of the hotel that opened in 1930 near Chichen Itza?
A) Hacienda Chichén Hotel
B) Mayaland Hotel
C) Carnegie Hotel
D) Yucatán Resort
  • 98. In which year did Mexico enact the Ley Federal Sobre Monumentos y Zonas Arqueológicas, Artísticas e Históricas?
A) 1972
B) 1980
C) 2007
D) 1944
  • 99. Who urged Governor Felipe Carrillo Puerto to build roads to the more famous monuments, including Chichen Itza?
A) Edward Thompson
B) Hans Juergen Thies Barbachano
C) Francisco Gomez Rul
D) Benjamin Norman
  • 100. What was the relationship between Fernando Barbachano Peon and Francisco Gomez Rul?
A) Business partner
B) Cousin
C) Brother
D) Son-in-law
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