Chichen Itza - Test
Chichen Itza
  • 1. Where is Chichen Itza located?
A) Guatemala
B) Brazil
C) Mexico
D) Peru
  • 2. Which ancient civilization built Chichen Itza?
A) Aztec
B) Maya
C) Inca
D) Olmec
  • 3. What is the name of the famous pyramid in Chichen Itza?
A) The Temple of the Moon
B) Teotihuacan
C) El Castillo
D) Machu Picchu
  • 4. What does the name 'Chichen Itza' mean in English?
A) Lost City
B) City of Gold
C) Sacred Place
D) At the mouth of the well of the Itza
  • 5. What is the name of the sacred cenote at Chichen Itza?
A) Cenote Sagrado
B) Cenote Azul
C) Cenote Dos Ojos
D) Cenote Ik Kil
  • 6. Which astronomical event is associated with Chichen Itza's Kukulcan pyramid?
A) Solstice
B) Equinox
C) Meteor shower
D) Eclipse
  • 7. When was Chichen Itza designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site?
A) 1988
B) 1996
C) 1975
D) 2003
  • 8. What type of architectural feature is the Platform of the Skulls in Chichen Itza?
A) Marketplace
B) Palace
C) Aqueduct
D) Tzompantli
  • 9. Which architectural styles are evident at Chichen Itza?
A) Only Mayan styles
B) Only Central Mexican styles
C) Only Puuc and Chenes styles
D) Central Mexican styles, Puuc, and Chenes styles
  • 10. Who maintains the stewardship of Chichen Itza?
A) The state of Yucatán
B) The United Nations
C) Mexico's Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia
D) Private owners
  • 11. When did the state of Yucatán purchase the land under the monuments?
A) 15 August 2015
B) 31 December 2005
C) 1 January 2000
D) 29 March 2010
  • 12. How many tourists visited Chichen Itza in 2017?
A) Over 3 million
B) Over 2.6 million
C) Over 500,000
D) Over 1 million
  • 13. What does 'Itzá' mean in the context of the Itzá ethnic-lineage group?
A) Warrior
B) Sorcerer
C) Priest
D) Leader
  • 14. What is one possible earlier name for Chichen Itza?
A) Maya
B) Uuc Yabnal
C) Tollan
D) Itzá
  • 15. Which book records the earlier name of Chichen Itza?
A) Codex Borbonicus
B) Codex Mendoza
C) Chilam Balam de Chumayel
D) Popol Vuh
  • 16. What does the first word of the earlier name for Chichen Itza mean?
A) Seven
B) Place
C) House
D) Great
  • 17. In which state of Mexico is Chichen Itza located?
A) Guerrero
B) Chiapas
C) Veracruz
D) Yucatán
  • 18. What type of geological feature characterizes the northern Yucatán Peninsula?
A) Desert
B) Volcanic
C) Karst
D) Mountainous
  • 19. What natural feature at Chichen Itza provided plentiful water year-round?
A) Springs
B) Lakes
C) Rivers
D) Cenotes
  • 20. To which deity were sacrifices made into the Cenote Sagrado?
A) Kukulkan
B) Ix Chel
C) Itzamna
D) Chaac
  • 21. Who dredged the Cenote Sagrado from 1904 to 1910?
A) John Lloyd Stephens
B) Edward Herbert Thompson
C) Tikal
D) Frederick Catherwood
  • 22. What did the study of human remains from the Cenote Sagrado reveal?
A) Signs of disease
B) Marks of ritual scarification
C) Evidence of natural death
D) Wounds consistent with human sacrifice
  • 23. Which theory about Chichen Itza's political organization has been called into question in recent years?
A) The theory of a theocratic system.
B) The theory of a democratic system.
C) The multepal system theory.
D) The theory of a single dynastic lineage.
  • 24. What was the primary economic activity that contributed to Chichen Itza's power?
A) Agriculture and farming.
B) Mining and metalwork.
C) Textile production.
D) Participating in the water-borne circum-peninsular trade route.
  • 25. What was the earliest hieroglyphic date discovered at Chichen Itza?
A) 750 AD.
B) 832 AD.
C) 900 AD.
D) 600 AD.
  • 26. What was the last known hieroglyphic date recorded at Chichen Itza?
A) 998 AD.
B) 1050 AD.
C) 1200 AD.
D) 900 AD.
  • 27. Who prophesied his own rise to power according to the Book of Chilam Balam of Chumayel?
A) Hunac Ceel
B) Francisco de Montejo
C) Augustus Le Plongeon
D) Teobert Maler
  • 28. What name did Francisco Montejo The Younger give to Chichen Itza after he arrived there?
A) Xaman Haʼ
B) Campeche
C) Ciudad Real
D) Montejo
  • 29. In which year did Francisco Montejo The Younger abandon Chichen Itza?
A) 1527
B) 1534
C) 1535
D) 1531
  • 30. Who published the first long-form description of Chichen Itza in 'Biologia Centrali-Americana'?
A) Frederick Catherwood
B) John Lloyd Stephens
C) Alfred Maudslay
D) Désiré Charnay
  • 31. Who excavated a statue at Chichen Itza in 1875 and named it 'Chacmol'?
A) Teobert Maler
B) Edward Herbert Thompson
C) Alfred Maudslay
D) Augustus Le Plongeon
  • 32. Which institution conducted long-term archaeological research at Chichen Itza starting in 1913?
A) Peabody Museum
B) Carnegie Institution
C) INAH
D) National Geographic
  • 33. In which year did the Mexican Supreme Court rule that Edward Thompson had broken no laws regarding the artifacts?
A) 1944
B) 1913
C) 1932
D) 1923
  • 34. Who began excavations adjacent to El Castillo in 2009 to investigate construction that predated it?
A) Fernando Barbachano Peon
B) Sylvanus G. Morley
C) Edward Herbert Thompson
D) Rafael (Rach) Cobos
  • 35. Which Maya city was established as a capital by Francisco de Montejo?
A) Campeche
B) Xaman Haʼ
C) Mayapan
D) Chichen Itza
  • 36. What was the primary reason the Spanish chose the region around Chichen Itza to locate a capital?
A) The strategic military location
B) The presence of gold mines
C) The abundance of natural resources
D) The relatively high population density
  • 37. Who was the first to publish photographs of Chichen Itza?
A) Désiré Charnay
B) John Lloyd Stephens
C) Frederick Catherwood
D) Alfred Maudslay
  • 38. Which architectural style is concentrated in the Old Chichén area and also seen in the Nunnery Group?
A) Puuc-style architecture
B) Río Bec style
C) Chenes-style architecture
D) Toltec style
  • 39. Which complex includes the Temple of Kukulcán (El Castillo) and the Great Ball Court?
A) The Great North Platform
B) The Osario Group
C) The Group of the Initial Series
D) The Central Group
  • 40. Which architectural style features ornate façades and masked doorways?
A) Chenes-style architecture
B) Toltec style
C) Puuc-style architecture
D) Río Bec style
  • 41. What was done to the terrain of Chichen Itza to facilitate construction?
A) The terrain was excavated to create terraces
B) The terrain was left as is
C) The broken terrain was artificially levelled
D) The terrain was covered with sand
  • 42. Which architectural group includes the pyramid of the same name and the Temple of Xtoloc?
A) The Central Group
B) The Group of the Lintels
C) The Osario Group
D) The Great North Platform
  • 43. What type of masonry is characteristic of the Puuc-style architecture at Chichen Itza?
A) Adobe bricks
B) Block masonry walls
C) Fine veneers
D) Stone slabs
  • 44. How many square terraces does the Temple of Kukulcán have?
A) Eight
B) Seven
C) Ten
D) Nine
  • 45. What was discovered under the north side of the pyramid during the 1930s excavation?
A) A large chamber filled with artifacts
B) A series of tunnels
C) A staircase leading to another temple
D) A hidden treasure
  • 46. What is the angle of the protruding stairways on the pyramid?
A) 30°
B) 45°
C) 60°
D) 75°
  • 47. What was revealed by the 3D modeling and multimodal scanning in 2025?
A) A hidden chamber filled with artifacts
B) A new staircase leading to the top
C) An earlier pyramid substructure called 'Castillo-sub' within the larger 'El Castillo' pyramid
D) A series of underground tunnels
  • 48. What is the base length of the sides of the pyramid?
A) Approximately 45 meters
B) Approximately 55.3 meters
C) Approximately 50 meters
D) Approximately 60 meters
  • 49. What is the angle at which the sides of the pyramid rise?
A) 53°
B) 60°
C) 70°
D) 45°
  • 50. What is the color of the throne found in the temple chamber?
A) Blue
B) Red
C) Yellow
D) Green
  • 51. What material was used for the spots on the throne?
A) Gold
B) Silver
C) Inlaid jade
D) Bronze
  • 52. How many ballcourts have archaeologists identified in Chichen Itza?
A) Eight
B) Fifteen
C) Thirteen
D) Ten
  • 53. What is depicted in the center of the rings carved on the walls of the platforms?
A) Intertwined feathered serpents
B) Human figures
C) Jaguars
D) Birds
  • 54. What is depicted in the mural inside the Upper Temple of the Jaguar?
A) A religious ceremony
B) A ball game
C) A market scene
D) A battle scene
  • 55. What motif is found on the columns guarding the entrance to the Upper Temple of the Jaguar?
A) Human figure
B) Eagle
C) Feathered serpent
D) Jaguar
  • 56. What is the condition of the bas-relief carvings inside the Lower Temple of the Jaguar?
A) Simple
B) Nonexistent
C) Damaged beyond recognition
D) Elaborate
  • 57. During which time period were the individuals discovered at Chichen Itza dated back to?
A) 1000-1200 CE
B) 1200-1500 CE
C) 300-500 CE
D) 500-900 CE
  • 58. How many individuals were analyzed in the genome-wide association study at Chichen Itza?
A) 72
B) 64
C) 80
D) 50
  • 59. What were decapitated heads likely used for in Maya ceremonies?
A) Used as food
B) Used as weapons
C) Used as tools
D) Displayed as sacred items
  • 60. In which year were the remains of more than 100 children discovered in Chichen Itza?
A) 1990
B) 1967
C) 1980
D) 1975
  • 61. What did DNA testing reveal about the gender of the children's remains?
A) The remains exclusively came from males
B) The remains were from both males and females
C) The gender of the remains could not be determined
D) The remains exclusively came from females
  • 62. Who was a key member of the archaeological expedition and restoration of the Temple of the Warriors?
A) Mary Leakey
B) Zahi Hawass
C) Earl H. Morris
D) Howard Carter
  • 63. What was the original belief about the purpose of El Mercado?
A) A ceremonial site
B) A marketplace
C) A ball court
D) A residential area
  • 64. What are the two small buildings south of the Osario believed to be?
A) Temples
B) Residences for important personages
C) Ball courts
D) Marketplaces
  • 65. What does the Maya name 'Chichanchob' possibly mean?
A) Small holes
B) Ancient ruins
C) Big house
D) Sacred place
  • 66. Which organization restored a small ball court in 2009?
A) UNESCO
B) INAH
C) National Geographic
D) Smithsonian Institution
  • 67. What is the name of the building that is half standing and named after a deer painting?
A) La Casa del Sol
B) La Casa de los Pintores
C) La Casa de los Ritos
D) La Casa del Venado
  • 68. Where is the Casa Colorada located in relation to the Osario Group?
A) West
B) North
C) South
D) East
  • 69. What is the condition of most buildings in the Casa Colorada Group, with one exception?
A) Fully restored
B) Well-preserved
C) Under construction
D) Decrepit mounds
  • 70. What is the Spanish name for the Las Monjas complex at Chichen Itza?
A) The Palace
B) The Temple
C) The Observatory
D) The Nuns
  • 71. What is the Las Monjas complex believed to have been used for?
A) A temple
B) A marketplace
C) A governmental palace
D) A residential building
  • 72. Which ruler is frequently mentioned in the hieroglyphic texts at Las Monjas?
A) Kʼakʼupakal
B) Pacal the Great
C) Kʼinich Kan Bʼalam
D) Kʼinich Janaab Pakal
  • 73. What is the Spanish name for the building known as El Caracol?
A) The Observatory
B) The Snail
C) The Church
D) The Nunnery
  • 74. What is the primary theory about the function of El Caracol?
A) A temple
B) A palace
C) A proto-observatory
D) A marketplace
  • 75. Which celestial body is El Caracol theorized to be aligned with?
A) The Moon
B) Venus
C) The Sun
D) Mars
  • 76. What does the name Akab Dzib mean in Yucatec Mayan?
A) Dark Writing
B) Sacred Writing
C) Bright Writing
D) Mystical Writing
  • 77. What was the earlier name of Akab Dzib according to the Casa Colorada glyphs?
A) El Caracol
B) Cenote Sagrado
C) Wa(k)wak Puh Ak Na
D) Las Monjas
  • 78. In what year was Akab Dzib restored by INAH?
A) 2007
B) 1999
C) 2010
D) 2000
  • 79. Which façade of Akab Dzib is considered the front of the structure?
A) The eastern façade
B) The southern façade
C) The northern façade
D) The western façade
  • 80. What is located at the southern end of Akab Dzib?
A) Two entrances
B) A cenote
C) A staircase
D) One entrance
  • 81. What is found above the doorway on the opposite wall inside the southern end of Akab Dzib?
A) A stone spiral staircase
B) A mural
C) A cenote
D) Intricately carved glyphs
  • 82. What unique feature is found inside one of the chambers at Akab Dzib?
A) A mural
B) A stone spiral staircase
C) A cenote
D) A painted hand print
  • 83. When is Old Chichén planned to reopen to visitors?
A) 2022
B) 2024
C) 2023
D) 2025
  • 84. What is the size of the ceremonial center at Chichen Itza?
A) About 10 square kilometers
B) About 5 square kilometers
C) About 7 square kilometers
D) About 3 square kilometers
  • 85. Who discovered a false wall in the Caves of Balankanche in 1959?
A) A.S. Pearse
B) E. Wyllys Andrews IV
C) Edward Thompson
D) José Humberto Gómez
  • 86. In what year was the gamma-ray spectrometry analysis of the North Temple of the Great Ball Court conducted?
A) 2024
B) 2025
C) 2023
D) 2026
  • 87. What material was primarily used in the construction of the North Temple of the Great Ball Court?
A) Granite
B) Marble
C) Limestone
D) Sandstone
  • 88. How many original pieces from various institutions are displayed in the Great Museum of Chichen Itza?
A) 1,000 originals
B) 200 originals
C) 600 originals
D) 400 originals
  • 89. How many thematic axes does the museum offer to explore the history of Chichen Itza?
A) 12 thematic axes
B) 20 thematic axes
C) 14 thematic axes
D) 10 thematic axes
  • 90. What type of sculptures are displayed in the Great Museum of Chichen Itza?
A) Incan ruler sculptures
B) Chac Mool sculptures
C) Aztec deity sculptures
D) Mayan warrior sculptures
  • 91. What is a stone table with reliefs of captives called in the Great Museum of Chichen Itza?
A) Aztec altar
B) Chac Mool
C) Mayan throne
D) Incan monument
  • 92. What language does the gastronomic center in the museum promote?
A) The Spanish language.
B) The Mayan language.
C) The French language.
D) The English language.
  • 93. Who popularized the Maya Yucatán in the public's imagination with his book 'Incidents of Travel in Yucatan'?
A) Baron Emanuel von Friedrichsthal
B) John Lloyd Stephens
C) Francisco Gomez Rul
D) Benjamin Norman
  • 94. Who was the first person to photograph Chichen Itza?
A) John Lloyd Stephens
B) Baron Emanuel von Friedrichsthal
C) Benjamin Norman
D) Edward Thompson
  • 95. In which year did Edward Thompson purchase the Hacienda Chichén, which included Chichen Itza?
A) 1944
B) 1923
C) 1894
D) 1910
  • 96. Who began Yucatán's first official tourism business in the early 1920s?
A) Felipe Carrillo Puerto
B) Edward Thompson
C) Francisco Gomez Rul
D) Fernando Barbachano Peon
  • 97. What was the name of the hotel that opened in 1930 near Chichen Itza?
A) Hacienda Chichén Hotel
B) Yucatán Resort
C) Carnegie Hotel
D) Mayaland Hotel
  • 98. In which year did Mexico enact the Ley Federal Sobre Monumentos y Zonas Arqueológicas, Artísticas e Históricas?
A) 1980
B) 1972
C) 2007
D) 1944
  • 99. Who urged Governor Felipe Carrillo Puerto to build roads to the more famous monuments, including Chichen Itza?
A) Benjamin Norman
B) Edward Thompson
C) Hans Juergen Thies Barbachano
D) Francisco Gomez Rul
  • 100. What was the relationship between Fernando Barbachano Peon and Francisco Gomez Rul?
A) Business partner
B) Son-in-law
C) Cousin
D) Brother
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