- 1. Solid state physics is the branch of physics that deals with the study of properties and behaviors of solid materials, such as crystals, semiconductors, and metals. It explores the fundamental principles underlying the structure, composition, and dynamics of solids, including electronic, magnetic, and optical properties. Solid state physicists investigate phenomena like superconductivity, magnetism, and thermal conductivity, with applications ranging from modern technology to cutting-edge research in materials science. By understanding the behavior of atoms and molecules in solid materials, researchers can develop new materials with unique properties and pave the way for technological advancements in various fields.
What is the unit cell of a crystal?
A) Valence electron.
B) Basic repeating unit within a crystal lattice.
C) Molecular bonding site.
D) Atomic nucleus.
- 2. What is the band gap in a solid material?
A) Potential barrier for electron motion.
B) Energy gap between the valence and conduction bands.
C) Size of a crystal lattice.
D) Width of a covalent bond.
- 3. Which of the following is not a type of crystalline arrangement?
A) Hexagonal close-packed.
B) Body-centered cubic.
C) Amorphous.
D) Face-centered cubic.
- 4. Which concept describes how charge carriers move in a crystal lattice?
A) Band theory.
B) Faraday's law.
C) Bohr's model.
D) Ohm's law.
- 5. Which of the following is not a relevant property of a solid state system?
A) Magnetic susceptibility.
B) Dielectric constant.
C) Viscosity.
D) Elastic modulus.
- 6. What is a crystal defect in solid state physics?
A) Planar geometry of a crystal surface.
B) Fractional atomic mass.
C) Irregularity in the arrangement of atoms within a crystal lattice.
D) Higher energy state of a system.
- 7. What is the definition of a superconductor?
A) Material with high ionization energy.
B) Material with high thermal conductivity.
C) Material with zero electrical resistance below a critical temperature.
D) Material with strong ferromagnetic properties.
- 8. What is the effect of impurities on the conductivity of a semiconductor?
A) Impurities always increase the conductivity.
B) Impurities always decrease the conductivity.
C) Impurities have no effect on the conductivity.
D) Impurities can increase or decrease the conductivity depending on type.
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