 - 1. What is the term that most closely corresponds to "creed" in Islamic theology?
A) Arkān
B) Iman
C) Fiqh
D) ʿaqīdah
- 2. To whom is the text Al-Fiqh Al-Akbar ascribed?
A) Al-Ash'ari
B) Milton Steinberg
C) Maimonides
D) Abū Ḥanīfa
- 3. Which creed is considered representative of the al-Ash'ari?
A) Fiqh Akbar III
B) Al-Fiqh Al-Akbar
C) The Centenary Platform
D) Fiqh Akbar II
- 4. How many pillars of faith make up the arkān al-īmān?
A) Thirteen
B) Three
C) Five
D) Six
- 5. Which individual wrote that Judaism is averse to formal creeds?
A) Maimonides
B) The American Unitarian Association
C) Milton Steinberg
D) Abū Ḥanīfa
- 6. What is the title of the book in which Milton Steinberg asserted that Judaism never arrived at a creed?
A) The Centenary Platform
B) 13 Principles of Faith
C) Basic Judaism
D) Al-Fiqh Al-Akbar
- 7. What did the 1976 Centenary Platform state that Judaism emphasizes instead of creed?
A) Predestination
B) Action
C) Dogma
D) Formal theology
- 8. Who drew up the 13 Principles of Faith?
A) Abū Ḥanīfa
B) The Central Conference of American Rabbis
C) Maimonides
D) Milton Steinberg
- 9. In what year did the National Conference of the American Unitarian Association pass a resolution to become non-creedal?
A) 1894
B) 1994
C) 1947
D) 1976
- 10. Which organization was formed by the merger of Unitarians and the Universalist Church of America?
A) The Assembly of Creeds
B) National Conference of the American Unitarian Association
C) Central Conference of American Rabbis
D) Unitarian Universalist Association
- 11. Which of the following is NOT one of the six pillars of faith in Islam?
A) Belief in Divine Books
B) Belief in Angels
C) Belief in God
D) Belief in religious leaders
- 12. The UUA abides by a set of principles that includes a "free and responsible search for..."
A) heaven and hell
B) faith and creed
C) truth and meaning
D) God and judgment
- 13. What is the Islamic term for a believer's religious faith?
A) Fiqh
B) ʿaqīdah
C) Arkān
D) Iman
- 14. Which group's creed is represented by Fiqh Akbar III?
A) Al-Ash'ari
B) Abū Ḥanīfa
C) Ash-Shafi'i
D) Unitarians
- 15. What source of inspiration is NOT explicitly cited by the UUA in the text?
A) Humanism
B) Judaism
C) Buddhism
D) Christianity
- 16. Which biblical passage contains an early creed regarding Jesus' death and resurrection?
A) Matthew 28:19
B) The Apostles' Creed
C) 1 Corinthians 15:3–7
D) The Nicene Creed
- 17. How soon after Jesus' death do most scholars believe the 1 Corinthians creed originated?
A) Ten years
B) Twenty years
C) Fifty years
D) Within five years
- 18. The Old Roman Creed is an earlier and shorter version of which creed?
A) Chalcedonian Creed
B) Nicene Creed
C) Tridentine Creed
D) Apostles' Creed
- 19. What structural pattern did the baptismal declaration of faith follow by the 4th century?
A) Unitary
B) Bipartite
C) Tripartite
D) Quadripartite
- 20. Which Council's concerns are reflected in the Nicene Creed?
A) First Council of Nicaea
B) Council of Trent
C) Council of Chalcedon
D) Council of Rome
- 21. In what year was the Chalcedonian Creed adopted?
A) 451
B) 1968
C) 325
D) 1565
- 22. The Chalcedonian Creed states that Christ is acknowledged in how many natures?
A) Four
B) One
C) Two
D) Three
- 23. Which creed is the first to explicitly state the equality of the three persons of the Trinity?
A) Tridentine Creed
B) Athanasian Creed
C) Nicene Creed
D) Apostles' Creed
- 24. What does the Athanasian Creed include that differs from the Nicene and Apostles' Creeds?
A) Anathemas
B) Liturgical music
C) Scriptural references
D) Baptismal vows
- 25. The Tridentine Creed was issued by which Pope?
A) Pope Pius IV
B) Pope John Paul II
C) Pope Paul VI
D) Pope Francis
- 26. The Tridentine Creed summarizes the teaching of which council?
A) Council of Chalcedon
B) Council of Nicaea
C) Council of Rome
D) Council of Trent
- 27. The Maasai Creed was composed in which decade?
A) 1940s
B) 1970s
C) 1960s
D) 1950s
- 28. The Maasai Creed was composed in collaboration with missionaries from which group?
A) Congregation of the Holy Ghost
B) The Council of Trent
C) The Apostles
D) The Roman Church
- 29. Who published the Credo of the People of God?
A) The Maasai people
B) Pope Pius IV
C) The Council of Nicaea
D) Pope Paul VI
- 30. The Credo of the People of God repeats in substance the creed of which location?
A) Nicea
B) Trent
C) Chalcedon
D) Rome
- 31. From which language is the word 'creed' anglicized?
A) Latin
B) Hebrew
C) Aramaic
D) Greek
- 32. What does the Latin word 'credo' mean?
A) I believe
B) Holy truth
C) God is one
D) We follow
- 33. What is the literal meaning of the Islamic term ʿaqīdah?
A) Bond or tie
B) Path of light
C) Submission
D) Eternal law
- 34. What was the earliest known creed in Christianity?
A) Jesus is Lord
B) The Apostles' Creed
C) The Trinity Creed
D) The Nicene Creed
- 35. In what year was the Nicene Creed first formulated?
A) 325 AD
B) 381 AD
C) 431 AD
D) 300 AD
- 36. The Nicene Creed was historically purposed against which doctrine?
A) Pelagianism
B) Gnosticism
C) Nestorianism
D) Arianism
- 37. The term 'symbol' for a creed is derived from which Greek word meaning 'token' or 'watchword'?
A) Kyrios
B) Symbolum
C) Symbolon
D) Logos
- 38. What term is often preferred in Evangelical Protestantism instead of 'creed'?
A) Canonical decree
B) Religious mandate
C) Symbol of faith
D) Doctrinal statement
- 39. What document clarified the doctrine of Christ in 431?
A) First London Baptist Confession
B) Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed
C) Chalcedonian Definition
D) Apostles' Creed
- 40. What fundamentalist movement may include positions on Bible translations in their doctrinal statements?
A) Evangelical Alliance
B) King James Only
C) Nicene Orthodoxy
D) Baptist Reformers
- 41. Which term describes Christian denominations that do not profess a creed?
A) Non-creedalism
B) Fundamentalism
C) Traditionalism
D) Secularism
- 42. Which movement originated in the 16th century Radical Reformation and often uses the phrase 'No creed, but the Bible'?
A) The Quakers
B) The Seventh-day Adventists
C) The Restoration Movement
D) Anabaptism
- 43. Which of these is mentioned as an existing Anabaptist group?
A) Baptists
B) Methodists
C) Hutterites
D) Presbyterians
- 44. Which group contrasts 'memorizing or repeating creeds' with 'doing what Jesus said'?
A) The Amish
B) Jehovah's Witnesses
C) The Church of the Brethren
D) The Bruderhof
- 45. Who composed the Articles of Faith used by the Latter Day Saint movement?
A) Martin Luther
B) King James
C) Joseph Smith
D) John Wentworth
- 46. To whom was the letter containing the Articles of Faith sent in 1842?
A) John Wentworth
B) Joseph Smith
C) The King of England
D) The Pope
- 47. Which reformer drew up the Sixty-seven Articles in 1523?
A) Martin Luther
B) Zwingli
C) John Knox
D) Guido de Bres
- 48. The Augsburg Confession of 1530 was the work of Martin Luther and which other person?
A) John Knox
B) Philip Melanchthon
C) Huldrych Zwingli
D) Guido de Bres
- 49. In what year was the Scots Confession drawn up by John Knox?
A) 1530
B) 1559
C) 1560
D) 1523
- 50. Who drew up the Belgic Confession in 1561?
A) Martin Luther
B) Philip Melanchthon
C) John Knox
D) Guido de Bres
- 51. The Westminster Confession of Faith was created in which year?
A) 1611
B) 1647
C) 1689
D) 1562
- 52. The Savoy Declaration of 1658 was a modification of which confession to suit Congregationalist polity?
A) Belgic Confession
B) Augsburg Confession
C) Westminster Confession
D) Gallic Confession
- 53. Which confession marked the breach with Rome in 1530?
A) Helwys Confession
B) Augsburg Confession
C) Scots Confession
D) Irish Articles
- 54. What happened in the Swiss Reformed Churches regarding the Apostles' Creed in the mid-19th century?
A) It was renamed the Helvetic Creed
B) It was translated into Latin
C) It was strictly mandated everywhere
D) A quarrel occurred
- 55. According to Bishop John Shelby Spong, treating creeds as the final definition of God is what?
A) Essential
B) Enlightenment
C) Idolatry
D) Theological accuracy
- 56. Which confession belongs to the German Reformed Church and dates to 1530?
A) Tetrapolitan Confession
B) Formula of Concord
C) Smalcald Articles
D) Gallic Confession
- 57. What are Protestant confessions of faith usually compared to?
A) Creeds
B) Secular laws
C) Biblical translations
D) Liturgical music
- 58. The Assemblies of God Statement of Fundamental Truths was published in which year?
A) 1916
B) 1833
C) 1968
D) 1870
- 59. The Chicago-Lambeth Quadrilateral was associated with which communion in 1870?
A) Anglican
B) Baptist
C) Methodist
D) Presbyterian
|