Economic value

1. Economic value is a measure of the benefit that an economic actor can gain from a good or service. It encompasses the worth of resources, products, and services based on their utility, scarcity, availability, and demand in the market. Economic value is often determined by factors such as supply and demand, market conditions, consumer preferences, and cost of production. It plays a crucial role in driving economic decisions, resource allocation, pricing strategies, and overall economic growth and development.

What is the Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility?

A) The total utility of a product remains constant regardless of the quantity consumed
B) As a person consumes more of a good, the additional utility from each additional unit decreases
C) The more units of a product produced, the higher the price will be
D) Consumers will always choose the product with the highest utility

2. Which of the following is NOT a type of economic value?

A) Intrinsic value
B) Use value
C) Monetary value
D) Exchange value

3. What is the difference between real value and nominal value?

A) Nominal value is tangible, while real value is intangible
B) Real value is fixed, while nominal value fluctuates
C) Real value is determined by supply and demand, while nominal value is arbitrary
D) Real value accounts for inflation, while nominal value does not

4. What is the law of diminishing returns?

A) The value of goods decreases as more are produced
B) As additional units of a variable input are added to fixed inputs, the marginal product of the variable input decreases
C) Increasing the number of inputs always leads to greater outputs
D) The more hours worked, the higher the rate of production

5. What is the law of supply in economics?

A) The supply of a good is constant regardless of price changes
B) As the price of a good decreases, the quantity supplied also decreases
C) Producers will only supply goods that are in excess demand
D) As the price of a good increases, the quantity supplied also increases

6. What is consumer surplus in economics?

A) The excess income consumers have after purchasing goods
B) The total revenue generated by consumer spending
C) The amount of money consumers save by not buying a product
D) The difference between what consumers are willing to pay for a good and what they actually pay

7. What does the term 'opportunity cost' mean in economics?

A) The cost of an opportunity that is too expensive to pursue
B) The value of the next best alternative that must be forgone in order to pursue a different option
C) The benefit of choosing the most expensive option
D) The cost of opportunities that are equal in value

8. Which economic term refers to the total value of all goods and services produced within a country's borders in a specific time period?

A) Consumer Price Index (CPI)
B) Inflation rate
C) National debt
D) Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

9. Which economic theory suggests that individuals act in their own self-interest to maximize their utility?

A) Behavioral economics
B) Keynesian economics
C) Rational choice theory
D) Marxist theory

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