Berlin Wall History - Exam
  • 1. When was the Berlin Wall constructed?
A) 1975
B) 1945
C) 1961
D) 1989
  • 2. What was the purpose of the Berlin Wall?
A) To divide East and West Berlin culturally
B) To symbolize peace in Europe
C) To promote tourism in Berlin
D) To prevent East Germans from fleeing to the West
  • 3. When did the Berlin Wall fall?
A) 1989
B) 1975
C) 1999
D) 2005
  • 4. Which country occupied East Berlin during the Cold War?
A) United States
B) France
C) Soviet Union
D) United Kingdom
  • 5. How long did the Berlin Wall stand before its fall?
A) 28 years
B) 19 years
C) 15 years
D) 42 years
  • 6. What was the name of the initial barrier erected in 1961 when the Berlin Wall was being constructed?
A) Wooden barricade
B) Barbed wire fence
C) Steel mesh fence
D) Concrete wall
  • 7. What was the symbolic meaning of the fall of the Berlin Wall?
A) The destruction of German culture
B) The beginning of the European Union
C) The start of a new wave of communism
D) The end of the Cold War and the reunification of East and West Germany
  • 8. How many people successfully crossed the Berlin Wall during its existence?
A) Over 10,000
B) Around 1,000
C) Over 5,000
D) Less than 100
  • 9. Which US President famously declared, 'Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!'?
A) John F. Kennedy
B) Ronald Reagan
C) Jimmy Carter
D) Richard Nixon
  • 10. What was the official name used by East German authorities for the Berlin Wall?
A) "Wall of Shame."
B) "Iron Curtain."
C) "Anti-Fascist Protection Rampart."
D) "Berlin Barrier."
  • 11. What was the Soviet Union's response to Western moves to establish a federal system in post-war Germany?
A) They immediately accepted the Marshall Plan.
B) The Soviets instituted the Berlin Blockade in 1948.
C) They dismantled their military presence in East Germany.
D) They joined NATO.
  • 12. What was the economic model adopted by West Germany post-World War II?
A) A centrally planned socialist economic model.
B) A social market economy with a democratic parliamentary government.
C) A purely capitalist system without any social welfare.
D) An autocratic regime with no free markets.
  • 13. What was the term used for the migration of people from East to West Germany?
A) "Ostpolitik."
B) "Republikflucht."
C) "Volkspolizei."
D) "Wirtschaftswunder."
  • 14. Who proposed the introduction of a pass system for visits to East Berlin by West Berlin residents?
A) Konrad Adenauer
B) Joseph Stalin
C) Vyacheslav Molotov
D) Walter Ulbricht
  • 15. What did Joseph Stalin advise the East Germans to do regarding their border defenses?
A) Reduce military presence at the border
B) Build up their border defenses
C) Negotiate with West Germany
D) Open more borders for trade
  • 16. Which sector of Berlin remained open to East German citizens after the inner German border was closed?
A) Both sectors were equally accessible
B) Neither sector
C) The Eastern sectors
D) The Western sectors
  • 17. In what year did the Soviets give East Germany authority over civilian movement in Berlin?
A) 1954
B) 1956
C) 1953
D) 1955
  • 18. Who observed that the open border in Berlin prompted unfavorable comparisons between East and West Berlin?
A) Willy Brandt
B) John F. Kennedy
C) Nikita Khrushchev
D) Mikhail Pervukhin
  • 19. When was the inner German border officially closed?
A) 1957
B) 1949
C) 1952
D) 1961
  • 20. What was the percentage of East Germany's population that had emigrated by 1961?
A) Approximately 20%
B) 30%
C) 40%
D) 10%
  • 21. When did construction of the Berlin outer ring commence?
A) 1951
B) 1957
C) 1961
D) 1949
  • 22. Who wrote an urgent letter to the Central Committee about the increase in East German intelligentsia among refugees?
A) Wilhelm Pieck
B) Walter Ulbricht
C) Konrad Adenauer
D) Yuri Andropov
  • 23. What was the main reason for East German emigration according to refugees?
A) Family reunification
B) Political reasons
C) Better weather
D) Economic reasons
  • 24. By 1960, what percentage of its pre-war population did East Germany have in terms of working age?
A) 61%
B) 70.5%
C) 50%
D) 80%
  • 25. How much did Walter Ulbricht claim West Germany owed East Germany?
A) $25 billion
B) $10 billion
C) $17 billion
D) $5 billion
  • 26. Who stated on 15 June 1961 that 'No one has the intention of erecting a wall!'?
A) Walter Ulbricht
B) John F. Kennedy
C) James Reston
D) Nikita Khrushchev
  • 27. Who is suggested to have initiated the construction of the Berlin Wall?
A) John F. Kennedy
B) Nikita Khrushchev
C) James Reston
D) Walter Ulbricht
  • 28. When did Ulbricht sign the order to close the border and erect a wall?
A) 13 August 1961
B) 12 August 1961
C) 15 June 1961
D) 17 August 1961
  • 29. On what date did East German troops begin to close the border with West Berlin?
A) 17 August 1961
B) 12 August 1961
C) 15 June 1961
D) 13 August 1961
  • 30. What was John F. Kennedy's stance on the construction of a barrier during the 1961 Vienna summit?
A) He promised to support its construction.
B) He remained neutral and did not comment.
C) He threatened military action against it.
D) He admitted that the US would not actively oppose it.
  • 31. Where was the garden party held where Ulbricht signed the order for the Wall?
A) Berlin
B) Vienna
C) Moscow
D) Döllnsee
  • 32. How long was the barrier that divided West and East Berlin?
A) 43 km (27 mi)
B) 156 km (97 mi)
C) 75 km (47 mi)
D) 100 km (62 mi)
  • 33. What was the length of the border around the three western sectors?
A) 75 km (47 mi)
B) 43 km (27 mi)
C) 156 km (97 mi)
D) 100 km (62 mi)
  • 34. What was Kennedy's reaction to Willy Brandt's suggestions?
A) Kennedy offered financial support to West Berlin.
B) Kennedy was furious.
C) Kennedy ignored Brandt's comments completely.
D) Kennedy agreed with all of Brandt's suggestions.
  • 35. Which American intelligence agency intercepted advance warning information about the closure of the intra-Berlin border?
A) The National Security Agency
B) DIA
C) FBI
D) CIA
  • 36. Which airport did Kennedy and Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson land at upon their arrival in West Berlin?
A) Schönefeld Airport
B) Tempelhof Airport
C) Tegel Airport
D) Berlin Brandenburg Airport
  • 37. Which Allied brigade was NOT defending West Berlin after the erection of the Berlin Wall?
A) US Brigade
B) Italian Brigade
C) UK Infantry Brigade
D) French Forces
  • 38. How many tunnels were dug under the Berlin Wall?
A) At least 70
B) Less than 30
C) Over 100
D) Exactly 50
  • 39. What percentage of Russians did not know who built the Berlin Wall, according to a 2009 VTsIOM poll?
A) 10 percent
B) 58 percent
C) 24 percent
D) 4 percent
  • 40. Which municipality in Teltow-Fläming shared a border with former West Berlin?
A) Hennigsdorf
B) Schönwalde-Glien
C) Dallgow-Döberitz
D) Blankenfelde-Mahlow
  • 41. How many routes allowed railway access to West Berlin?
A) Three
B) Four
C) Six
D) Two
  • 42. What percentage of Russians thought Western powers built the Berlin Wall, according to a 2009 VTsIOM poll?
A) 58 percent
B) 10 percent
C) 6 percent
D) 24 percent
  • 43. Who replaced Erich Honecker as the leader of East Germany on 18 October 1989?
A) Otto von Habsburg
B) Helmut Kohl
C) Mikhail Gorbachev
D) Egon Krenz
  • 44. What did the East German government issue to border guards dealing with defectors?
A) Shooting orders (Schießbefehl)
B) Arrest and detain orders
C) Capture alive orders
D) Shoot-to-kill orders
  • 45. What was the name of the operation that provided assistance for escapes through sewers?
A) Operation Freedom
B) Unternehmen Reisebüro
C) Project Escape
D) Sewer Rescue
  • 46. What did East Germans do to prevent defections via sports cars?
A) Installed metal beams at checkpoints
B) Deployed snipers
C) Used water cannons
D) Built zig-zagging roads at checkpoints
  • 47. Which song by Klein Orkest is about differences between East and West Berlin during the period of the Berlin Wall?
A) 'Chippin' Away' by Tom Fedora
B) 'Heroes' by David Bowie
C) 'Berliners' by Roy Harper
D) 'Over de muur' (1984)
  • 48. How many border crossings were there between East and West Berlin?
A) Twelve
B) Seven
C) Five
D) Nine
  • 49. Which film is a British-American drama based on the true story of families attempting to escape East Germany in a homemade hot air balloon?
A) Bridge of Spies (2015)
B) The Innocent (1993)
C) Good Bye Lenin! (2003)
D) Night Crossing (1982)
  • 50. Which film features a dramatized story of an East-German border guard who was the first to let East Berliners cross into West Berlin on November 9, 1989?
A) Good Bye Lenin! (2003)
B) The Tunnel (2001)
C) Bridge of Spies (2015)
D) Open The Wall (2014)
  • 51. What happened to most remnants of the Berlin Wall?
A) They were all preserved in their original state
B) They were badly damaged by souvenir seekers
C) They were completely destroyed
D) They were moved to a museum
  • 52. Which song by Roy Harper includes lyrics about the Berlin Wall staying up for thirty years?
A) 'Heroes' by David Bowie
B) 'Chippin' Away' by Tom Fedora
C) 'Over de muur' by Klein Orkest
D) 'Berliners'
  • 53. What chant did protestors in East Germany change from 'Wir wollen raus!' to?
A) 'Freiheit jetzt!' ('Freedom now!')
B) 'Keine Angst mehr!' ('No more fear!')
C) 'Wir bleiben hier!' ('We are staying here!')
D) 'Gerechtigkeit für alle!' ('Justice for all!')
  • 54. Which film dramatizes a collaborative tunnel under the Berlin Wall?
A) The Tunnel (2001)
B) Night Crossing (1982)
C) Good Bye Lenin! (2003)
D) Berlin Tunnel 21 (1981)
  • 55. Which artist created artworks along the former border strip around West Berlin as part of his work series Border Injuries?
A) The West-German artist Elsner
B) Toni Fisher
C) Tom Fedora
D) David Bowie
  • 56. When was the second, parallel fence built next to the original Berlin Wall?
A) June 1962
B) January 1965
C) May 1975
D) August 1961
  • 57. Which documentary tracks down the segments of the Berlin Wall located in the U.S.?
A) Rabbit à la Berlin (2009)
B) The American Sector (2020)
C) Something to Do with the Wall (1991)
D) The Tunnel (December 1962)
  • 58. Which municipality in Dahme-Spreewald shared a border with former West Berlin?
A) Schönefeld (partially)
B) Großbeeren
C) Stahnsdorf
D) Hohen Neuendorf
  • 59. What was the name of the organization to which Thomas Krüger belonged?
A) Gesellschaft für Sport und Technik
B) Stasi
C) RAF Gatow
D) Nationale Volksarmee
  • 60. Who was the final person to die in an escape attempt?
A) Winfried Freudenberg
B) Günter Litfin
C) Chris Gueffroy
D) Peter Fechter
  • 61. In a 2004 poll, what percentage of West Germans wished for East and West to be separated again by a 'Wall'?
A) 58 percent
B) 12 percent
C) 25 percent
D) 8 percent
  • 62. Where is the East Side Gallery located?
A) In Schlesischen Busch
B) At Bernauer Straße
C) Along the Spree River near the Oberbaumbrücke
D) Near Checkpoint Charlie
  • 63. In which year did David Bowie perform a concert near the Berlin Wall?
A) 1989
B) 1988
C) 1986
D) 1987
  • 64. What could East German authorities do with entry permits for Western visitors?
A) Only refuse permits during specific months.
B) Provide detailed reasons for any refusal of entry.
C) Refuse entry permits without stating a reason.
D) Issue permits automatically to all applicants.
  • 65. In a 2009 VTsIOM poll, what percentage of Russians thought Berlin residents built the Berlin Wall themselves?
A) 24 percent
B) 4 percent
C) 58 percent
D) 10 percent
  • 66. What did Kennedy compare being a 'citizen of Berlin' to?
A) Being an American citizen.
B) A member of the United Nations.
C) "Civis Romanus sum" (I am a Roman citizen).
D) A supporter of communism.
  • 67. What was the length of the Berlin Wall?
A) 50 kilometres
B) 100 kilometres
C) 200 kilometres
D) More than 140 kilometres
  • 68. Which municipality in Havelland partially shared a border with former West Berlin?
A) Hohen Neuendorf
B) Schönwalde-Glien
C) Mühlenbecker Land
D) Stahnsdorf
  • 69. Which station became a major crossing point for Westerners with permission to cross?
A) Checkpoint Charlie
B) Dreilinden
C) Friedrichstraße
D) Zimmerstraße
  • 70. Which song by Camel is a concept album themed around families and friends split up by the Berlin Wall?
A) Stationary Traveller (1984)
B) 'Heroes' (1977) by David Bowie
C) 'West of the Wall' by Toni Fisher
D) 'Holidays in the Sun' by Sex Pistols
  • 71. How many of these tunnels were successful in allowing fugitives to escape?
A) 19
B) 70
C) 29
D) 50
  • 72. Which film is a German comedy set during life in East Berlin in the late 1970s?
A) The Wicked Dreams of Paula Schultz (1968)
B) Sonnenallee (1999)
C) Berlin Tunnel 21 (1981)
D) Escape from East Berlin (1962)
  • 73. What was the support level for rebuilding the wall among supporters of the Free Democratic Party (FDP) in a 2019 poll?
A) 13%
B) 35%
C) 16%.
D) 28%
  • 74. Who estimated the death toll related to the Berlin Wall's existence to be well above 200?
A) Günter Litfin
B) Alexandra Hildebrandt
C) Wolfgang Engels
D) Thomas Krüger
  • 75. According to a 2009 VTsIOM poll, what percentage of Russians correctly identified the Soviet Union and East Germany as builders of the Berlin Wall?
A) 6 percent
B) 10 percent
C) 24 percent
D) 58 percent
  • 76. What was the East German strategy regarding Bruce Springsteen's 1988 concert?
A) "Isolation from Western culture"
B) "Encouraging more concerts by Western artists"
C) "One step backwards, two steps forwards"
D) "Complete suppression of Western influences"
  • 77. Which municipality in Oberhavel shared a border with former West Berlin?
A) Glienicke/Nordbahn
B) Blankenfelde-Mahlow
C) Schönefeld
D) Potsdam
  • 78. What percentage of West Berliners supported rebuilding the wall according to a 2019 poll?
A) 8%
B) 87%
C) 14%.
D) 35%
  • 79. Who was the first East German border guard to escape by jumping over the barbed wire?
A) Conrad Schumann
B) Günter Litfin
C) Wolfgang Engels
D) Thomas Krüger
  • 80. What can be found at Kieler Strasse in Mitte?
A) The former 'Kieler Eck' watchtower, now a memorial site named after Günter Litfin
B) An observation tower used by Deutsche Waldjugend
C) A park with a piece of the wall strip
D) A section of the Wall known as East Side Gallery
  • 81. Which television station aired footage of Hasselhoff's concert?
A) CNN
B) Vox
C) Zweites Deutsches Fernsehen (ZDF)
D) BBC
  • 82. Which municipality in Oberhavel partially shared a border with former West Berlin?
A) Hohen Neuendorf
B) Glienicke/Nordbahn
C) Mühlenbecker Land (partially)
D) Hennigsdorf
  • 83. In the 2009 poll on the 20th anniversary of the fall of the Berlin Wall, what percentage of East Germans were unhappy with unification?
A) 12 percent
B) 25 percent
C) 8 percent
D) 58 percent
  • 84. What was Günter Litfin's occupation?
A) Policeman
B) Tailor
C) Soldier
D) Border guard
  • 85. Which artist reportedly tolerated defacing the Berlin Wall despite being pursued?
A) Keith Haring
B) Jean-Michel Basquiat
C) Thierry Noir
D) Banksy
  • 86. What method did Thomas Krüger use to escape East Berlin?
A) Flying an ultralight plane
B) Landing a light aircraft at RAF Gatow
C) Driving a sports car through fortifications
D) Using a hot air balloon
  • 87. Who was the last person shot and killed while trying to cross the border?
A) Günter Litfin
B) Chris Gueffroy
C) Winfried Freudenberg
D) Peter Fechter
  • 88. Which autobahn entered East German territory between Helmstedt and Marienborn?
A) Checkpoint Alpha autobahn
B) Friedrichstraße autobahn
C) Berlin-Helmstedt autobahn
D) Dreilinden autobahn
  • 89. Who was the first casualty at the Berlin Wall?
A) Peter Fechter
B) Ida Siekmann
C) Chris Gueffroy
D) Günter Litfin
  • 90. Which song by David Bowie was inspired by a couple kissing at the Berlin Wall?
A) 'Holidays in the Sun' by Sex Pistols
B) 'West of the Wall' by Toni Fisher
C) 'Heroes' (1977)
D) Stationary Traveller (1984) by Camel
  • 91. Which municipality in Potsdam-Mittelmark shared a border with former West Berlin?
A) Hohen Neuendorf
B) Schönefeld
C) Kleinmachnow
D) Großbeeren
  • 92. Which municipality in Havelland shared a border with former West Berlin?
A) Stahnsdorf
B) Falkensee
C) Mühlenbecker Land
D) Hohen Neuendorf
  • 93. Which checkpoint was restricted to Allied personnel and foreigners?
A) Checkpoint Bravo
B) Checkpoint Charlie
C) Friedrichstraße station
D) Checkpoint Alpha
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