Synthetic biology

1. Synthetic biology is an interdisciplinary branch of biology and engineering that combines biological sciences with engineering principles to design and construct new biological parts, devices, and systems. It involves the manipulation and engineering of DNA, proteins, and cells to create artificial biological systems that can perform specific functions. Synthetic biology has applications in various fields, including medicine, agriculture, environmental remediation, and biomanufacturing. By enabling the creation of novel biological systems, synthetic biology has the potential to revolutionize industries, create new opportunities for biotechnology, and address pressing global challenges.

What is synthetic biology?

A) The process of cloning organisms in laboratories.
B) The use of natural resources to create new materials.
C) The study of natural biological systems.
D) A field that combines principles of biology and engineering to design and construct biological devices.

2. What is a genetic circuit in synthetic biology?

A) A tool for mapping the human genome.
B) A series of genes that interact with each other to perform a specific function.
C) A diagram showing the relationships between different species in an ecosystem.
D) A process of artificially inducing mutations in organisms.

3. Which field of study does synthetic biology borrow concepts from?

A) Music theory.
B) Geology.
C) Philosophy.
D) Engineering.

4. What is the primary difference between traditional biology and synthetic biology?

A) Traditional biology studies existing biological systems.
B) Synthetic biology solely relies on computer simulations.
C) Synthetic biology focuses on designing and constructing new biological systems.
D) Traditional biology uses only natural materials.

5. What is metabolic engineering in the context of synthetic biology?

A) Developing methods for purifying water sources.
B) Creating new ecosystems in controlled environments.
C) Altering metabolic pathways in organisms to produce desired compounds.
D) Studying the chemical reactions in inorganic substances.

6. Which of the following fields does synthetic biology impact?

A) Civil engineering.
B) Astronomy.
C) Art history.
D) Medicine.

7. What is a gene knockout in synthetic biology?

A) Moving a gene from one organism to another.
B) Disabling a specific gene to observe the effects on an organism.
C) Enhancing the activity of a gene beyond its normal capacity.
D) Combining multiple genes to create a new function.

8. What is a plasmid in synthetic biology?

A) A unit of measurement for genetic mutations.
B) A tool for measuring temperature in lab experiments.
C) A small, circular DNA molecule used to transfer genes between organisms.
D) A protective coating for biological samples.

9. Which term describes the process of transferring genetic material between organisms?

A) Chemical alteration.
B) Biological transformation.
C) Physical replacement.
D) Gene transfer.

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