Civil law - Exam

1. Civil law is a legal system originating in Europe and adopted in many parts of the world. It is based on a codified set of laws that determine the rights and obligations of individuals and organizations. In civil law, disputes are resolved by applying the laws as written in statutes and codes, as opposed to relying on judicial decisions or precedent. The primary aim of civil law is to provide a clear and accessible framework for resolving disputes and protecting individual rights. Civil law covers a wide range of legal issues, including contracts, property rights, family law, torts, and more.

What is civil law?

A) A legal system based on written laws and codes.
B) A legal system based on common law traditions.
C) A legal system without any laws.
D) A legal system that focuses on criminal cases only.

2. What is the main goal of civil law?

A) To prosecute criminal offenders.
B) To provide healthcare services.
C) To regulate government activities.
D) To resolve disputes between individuals or organizations.

3. What is a plaintiff in a civil case?

A) A legal assistant.
B) The judge presiding over the case.
C) The party being accused of wrongdoing.
D) The party that initiates the legal action.

4. What are damages in a civil case?

A) Physical barriers placed around a property.
B) A sum of money awarded to compensate for losses or injuries.
C) Documents required for filing a lawsuit.
D) The opening statements of the attorneys.

5. Who decides the outcome in a civil case?

A) The plaintiff's attorney.
B) The government.
C) A judge or jury.
D) The defendant's attorney.

6. What is the burden of proof in civil cases?

A) Not required in civil cases.
B) Usually the plaintiff's responsibility to prove the case.
C) Always the defendant's responsibility to prove innocence.
D) Shared equally by both parties.

7. What is a common remedy in civil cases?

A) Community service.
B) Damages.
C) Probation.
D) Criminal sentencing.

8. What is an appeal in a civil case?

A) A court hearing.
B) A request for a higher court to review a lower court's decision.
C) A motion for summary judgment.
D) The initial filing that initiates a lawsuit.

9. What is a settlement in a civil case?

A) The final judgment rendered by the court.
B) An appeal to a higher court.
C) An agreement between parties to resolve the dispute without a trial.
D) A court order for immediate action.

10. What is the purpose of punitive damages in civil law?

A) To fund a court injunction.
B) To punish the defendant for intentional misconduct.
C) To cover the plaintiff's attorney fees.
D) To compensate for lost income.

11. Who brings a civil lawsuit against another party in civil law?

A) Plaintiff
B) Prosecutor
C) Defendant
D) Judge

12. Which branch of law addresses civil wrongs and liabilities that arise from wrongful acts?

A) Family law
B) Tort law
C) Property law
D) Contract law

13. Which type of civil law case involves relationships among individuals such as marriage, divorce, and child custody?

A) Property law
B) Contract law
C) Family law
D) Tort law

14. Which principle allows for compensation in civil law, regardless of fault?

A) Clear and convincing evidence
B) Strict liability
C) Preponderance of the evidence
D) Beyond a reasonable doubt

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