Presidency of Warren G. Harding - Quiz
Presidency of Warren G
  • 1. What was the location of the oil reserve involved in the Teapot Dome scandal?
A) Wyoming
B) Alaska
C) Ohio
D) New Mexico
  • 2. Which executive order created the Naval Petroleum Reserve Number 4?
A) 1923
B) 3790
C) 3797
D) 2397
  • 3. What was Albert Fall's position in the Harding administration?
A) Attorney General
B) Alien Property Custodian
C) Secretary of the Interior
D) Secretary of the Navy
  • 4. Who was the first cabinet member in history to be imprisoned for crimes committed while in office?
A) Thomas W. Miller
B) Albert Fall
C) Harry M. Daugherty
D) Jess Smith
  • 5. Who contracted with Albert Fall for drilling rights in exchange for building storage tanks?
A) Edward Doheny
B) Harry Ford Sinclair
C) William J. Burns
D) George L. Remus
  • 6. How much money did Harry Ford Sinclair personally pay to Albert Fall?
A) Over $400,000
B) Over $250,000
C) Over $1 million
D) Over $2.3 million
  • 7. What happened to Edward Doheny regarding the bribery charges?
A) He committed suicide
B) He was never tried
C) He was acquitted
D) He was imprisoned
  • 8. Who was Harding's Attorney General?
A) Albert Fall
B) Harry M. Daugherty
C) Andrew J. Volstead
D) William J. Burns
  • 9. Who led the formal investigation hearings against Attorney General Daugherty?
A) Robert La Follette
B) Oscar E. Keller
C) Andrew J. Volstead
D) Gifford Pinchot
  • 10. Which bootlegger allegedly paid Jess Smith $250,000?
A) Mally S. Daugherty
B) George L. Remus
C) Harry Ford Sinclair
D) Edward Doheny
  • 11. Who did Harry M. Daugherty hire to run the Bureau of Investigation?
A) Howard Mannington
B) Jess Smith
C) Gaston B. Means
D) William J. Burns
  • 12. Who was the primary operative for William J. Burns known for being a con man?
A) Mally S. Daugherty
B) Jess Smith
C) Gaston B. Means
D) Howard Mannington
  • 13. What was the outcome of the trials against Harry M. Daugherty for corruption?
A) Acquitted twice
B) Convicted once and acquitted once
C) Convicted twice
D) Imprisoned for ten years
  • 14. Who was the defense attorney who blamed corruption allegations on Jess Smith?
A) Max Steuer
B) Oscar E. Keller
C) Andrew J. Volstead
D) Harry M. Daugherty
  • 15. Which bank was Daugherty's brother the president of?
A) Consolidated Bank
B) Ohio State Bank
C) Federal Reserve Bank
D) Midland National Bank
  • 16. What was the result of the McGrain v. Daugherty ruling?
A) Acquitted Mally Daugherty
B) Imprisoned Harry Daugherty
C) Overturned a bribery conviction
D) Upheld a contempt conviction
  • 17. What event did Harding refer to in his speech at Lincoln University in June 1921?
A) The passage of the Dyer Bill
B) The Tulsa race massacre
C) The Great Migration
D) The end of the Great War
  • 18. In what city did Harding deliver a speech advocating for civil rights in October 1921?
A) Birmingham, Alabama
B) Tulsa, Oklahoma
C) Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
D) Washington, D.C.
  • 19. What was the name of the federal anti-lynching bill supported by Harding?
A) The Lincoln Act
B) The Dyer Bill
C) The Civil Rights Act
D) The Equality Act
  • 20. According to the text, what did Harding identify as critical to solving racial inequality?
A) Social integration
B) Federal intervention
C) Education
D) Military service
  • 21. Who was the sole black commander of a regiment in France during the Great War?
A) Robert K. Murray
B) Carl S. Anthony
C) Col. F.A. Denison
D) Leonidas Dyer
  • 22. What reason did historians Eugene P. Trani and Daniel L. Wilson give for Harding's reluctance to appoint blacks to traditional positions?
A) A desire to court white Southerners
B) Lack of qualified candidates
C) Pressure from the Ku Klux Klan
D) Budgetary constraints
  • 23. What specific action regarding segregation did Harding fail to take?
A) Passing a federal education law
B) Ending the Great Migration
C) Abolishing segregation in federal offices
D) Replacing all cabinet members
  • 24. Who was the biographer that noted the Dyer Bill was hastened to its end by Harding's desire for a ship subsidy bill?
A) Carl S. Anthony
B) Robert K. Murray
C) Leonidas Dyer
D) Eugene P. Trani
  • 25. Which group was among the hardest hit during the Depression of 1920–21?
A) Industrial workers
B) Farmers
C) Bankers
D) Railroad tycoons
  • 26. What commission did Harding establish to make recommendations on farm policy?
A) Agricultural Oversight Committee
B) Joint Commission on Agricultural Industry
C) Federal Trade Commission
D) Farm Loan Board
  • 27. The 1919 Federal Trade Commission report investigated which specific industry?
A) Meat-packing
B) Farm equipment manufacturing
C) Livestock transport
D) Grain production
  • 28. When did Harding sign the Capper–Volstead Act?
A) February 18, 1922
B) May 15, 1922
C) January 1, 1921
D) November 11, 1920
  • 29. Who was Harding's Secretary of Agriculture?
A) Lester J. Dickinson
B) Henry Wallace
C) William S. Kenyon
D) Woodrow Wilson
  • 30. What kind of tariff did Warren G. Harding favor as a Republican?
A) Free trade agreements
B) Revenue-only tariffs
C) Protective tariffs
D) Flat-rate export taxes
  • 31. What did Harding believe high tariffs would stimulate?
A) Foreign investment
B) European migration
C) Domestic manufacturing
D) Global competition
  • 32. Besides protectionism, what trade strategy did Harding’s administration pursue?
A) A global gold standard
B) Unrestricted open borders
C) Complete isolationism
D) Reciprocal trade agreements
  • 33. What specific tactic by European manufacturers did the Emergency Tariff aim to prevent?
A) Monopolizing
B) Smuggling
C) Counterfeiting
D) Dumping
  • 34. Which sector did Harding become concerned about after seeing economic hardship caused by the high tariffs?
A) Agriculture
B) Mining
C) Banking
D) Technology
  • 35. What was Warren G. Harding's professional background before becoming president?
A) Military officer
B) College professor
C) Lawyer
D) Newspaperman
  • 36. What policy did Harding implement in November 1921 regarding the press?
A) Taking written questions from reporters during press conferences
B) Banning reporters from the White House
C) Holding weekly radio addresses
D) Requiring government approval of all articles
  • 37. How many Supreme Court justices did Harding appoint?
A) Four
B) Two
C) Six
D) Eight
  • 38. What was the top marginal income tax rate reduced to by the Revenue Act of 1921?
A) 65 percent
B) 73 percent
C) 58 percent
D) 50 percent
  • 39. Who attributed the economic improvement of the 1920s to the Federal Reserve's monetary policy?
A) Andrew Mellon
B) Daniel Kuehn
C) Schweikart and Allen
D) Robert M. La Follette
  • 40. According to the text, what happened near the end of Harding's presidency in 1923?
A) A massive tax increase was passed
B) The Great Depression began
C) Another economic contraction began
D) A period of record prosperity began
  • 41. Who was the 29th president of the United States?
A) Herbert Hoover
B) Calvin Coolidge
C) Woodrow Wilson
D) Warren G. Harding
  • 42. In what year did Warren G. Harding's presidency end?
A) 1920
B) 1924
C) 1921
D) 1923
  • 43. Which political party did Warren G. Harding belong to?
A) Federalist
B) Democrat
C) Republican
D) Whig
  • 44. Who succeeded Warren G. Harding as president?
A) Calvin Coolidge
B) Herbert Hoover
C) Charles Evans Hughes
D) James M. Cox
  • 45. What was the cause of Harding's death?
A) Pneumonia
B) Apparent heart attack
C) Stroke
D) Assassination
  • 46. Which foreign policy achievement was led by Secretary of State Charles Evans Hughes?
A) League of Nations treaty
B) Treaty of Versailles
C) Washington Naval Conference
D) Open Door Policy
  • 47. Which major scandal emerged after Harding's death?
A) Credit Mobilier scandal
B) Watergate scandal
C) Iran-Contra affair
D) Teapot Dome scandal
  • 48. What was the primary focus of the Fordney–McCumber Tariff?
A) Increasing tariff rates
B) Establishing immigration quotas
C) Decreasing federal spending
D) Reducing income taxes
  • 49. Who served as Harding's Secretary of Commerce?
A) Herbert Hoover
B) Charles Evans Hughes
C) Andrew Mellon
D) Calvin Coolidge
  • 50. What was the result of the 1920 popular vote margin achieved by Harding?
A) 26.2 percentage points
B) 10.2 percentage points
C) 5.5 percentage points
D) 15.5 percentage points
  • 51. How many hours did the discussion between Harding and his campaign manager last before Harding agreed to run?
A) Ten hours
B) Six-plus hours
C) Three hours
D) Two hours
  • 52. What was the total amount spent by Leonard Wood leading up to the 1920 convention?
A) $1.8 million
B) $414,000
C) $114,000
D) $194,000
  • 53. On which ballot was Harding nominated for president?
A) Ninth ballot
B) Tenth ballot
C) First ballot
D) Sixth ballot
  • 54. How many delegate votes were committed to Harding at the opening gavel?
A) 112
B) 39
C) 124
D) 72
  • 55. What term is often used to describe the meeting of party leaders at the Blackstone Hotel?
A) Blackstone agreement
B) Backroom deal
C) Smoke-filled room
D) Secret caucus
  • 56. Which candidate had 112 committed delegates at the opening of the 1920 convention?
A) Leonard Wood
B) Frank Lowden
C) Hiram Johnson
D) Warren G. Harding
  • 57. Who was one of the alternative candidates expected by many to be nominated as a compromise?
A) Leonard Wood
B) Charles Evans Hughes
C) Jake L. Hamon
D) Harry Daugherty
  • 58. What type of political approach did Harding favor over the Progressive ideology of the Wilson administration?
A) Imperialism
B) Socialism
C) Laissez-faire
D) Centralized planning
  • 59. What historic milestone regarding voting occurred during the 1920 presidential election?
A) Women could vote nationwide
B) Lowering the voting age to 18
C) Abolition of the Electoral College
D) The first national primary
  • 60. The 1920 presidential election was the first to be covered by what medium?
A) Radio
B) Internet
C) Satellite broadcast
D) Television
  • 61. How many speakers were trained by Harry New to campaign for Harding?
A) Five thousand
B) Ten thousand
C) One thousand
D) Eight thousand
  • 62. Which Socialist Party candidate campaigned from a federal prison during the 1920 election?
A) James M. Cox
B) Albert Lasker
C) Eugene V. Debs
D) Harry New
  • 63. Which former Confederate state did Harding win, marking a first for a Republican since Reconstruction?
A) Tennessee
B) South Carolina
C) Georgia
D) Virginia
  • 64. How many seats did the Republican party pick up in the House of Representatives during the 1920 election?
A) 404
B) 127
C) 63
D) 8
  • 65. Which celebrity toured the nation on Harding's behalf?
A) Buster Keaton
B) Charlie Chaplin
C) Al Jolson
D) Douglas Fairbanks
  • 66. Which number president was Warren G. Harding?
A) 30th
B) 27th
C) 29th
D) 28th
  • 67. Whom did Henry Cabot Lodge suggest for Secretary of State?
A) Herbert Hoover
B) Andrew Mellon
C) Albert B. Fall
D) Elihu Root or Philander C. Knox
  • 68. Who was the Postmaster General appointed by Harding?
A) James J. Davis
B) Edwin Denby
C) Will H. Hays
D) Harry M. Daugherty
  • 69. To whom was the presidential budget director directly responsible?
A) The House Ways and Means Committee
B) The Secretary of Treasury
C) The President
D) The Comptroller General
  • 70. What agency was created to ensure congressional oversight of budget expenditures?
A) General Accounting Office
B) Treasury Oversight Commission
C) Bureau of the Budget
D) Congressional Budget Office
  • 71. How long is the term for the Comptroller General of the General Accounting Office?
A) Fifteen years
B) Ten years
C) Life appointment
D) Five years
  • 72. On which census was the immigration quota of 3 percent based under the Per Centum Act?
A) 1920 Census
B) 1900 Census
C) 1910 Census
D) 1890 Census
  • 73. Which president had previously vetoed the bill that became the Per Centum Act?
A) Calvin Coolidge
B) William Howard Taft
C) Woodrow Wilson
D) Theodore Roosevelt
  • 74. Who served as Harding's Secretary of Labor?
A) James Davis
B) Charles Dawes
C) Charles R. Forbes
D) Andrew Mellon
  • 75. What did Harding speak about in his first radio broadcast in 1922?
A) Francis Scott Key
B) Labor strikes
C) Highway construction
D) The end of World War I
  • 76. In what year did Congress finally impose radio regulation?
A) 1922
B) 1929
C) 1925
D) 1927
  • 77. What proportion of the labor force belonged to unions by 1920?
A) Approximately one-tenth
B) Approximately one-third
C) Approximately one-half
D) Approximately one-fifth
  • 78. What was the result of the steel manufacturer committee's 1923 report regarding the twelve-hour workday?
A) They recommended against ending the practice
B) They agreed to end the practice immediately
C) They recommended an immediate shift to an eight-hour day
D) They suggested a compromise of ten-hour shifts
  • 79. Who was the chairman of U.S. Steel who led the committee regarding work hours?
A) Elbert Gary
B) John L. Lewis
C) James H. Wilkerson
D) Harry Daugherty
  • 80. Who sponsored the Sheppard–Towner Maternity Act?
A) Eleanor Roosevelt
B) Alice Paul
C) Julia Lathrop
D) Frances Perkins
  • 81. Which political era's social programs were influenced by the Sheppard–Towner Maternity Act?
A) New Deal
B) Square Deal
C) Great Society
D) Fair Deal
  • 82. What was the primary charge against Eugene Debs during the Wilson administration?
A) Espionage
B) Embezzlement
C) Sedition
D) Tax evasion
  • 83. What factor contributed significantly to the release of Eugene Debs?
A) A campaign promise
B) Pressure from labor unions
C) A legal loophole in the sedition law
D) Failing health
  • 84. How many prisoners were granted a general amnesty by Harding regarding the First Red Scare?
A) 50
B) 10
C) 100
D) 23
  • 85. What specific tax policy did not appeal to the electorate in 1922?
A) Taxing social welfare programs
B) Implementing a wealth tax
C) Cutting taxes for the well-off
D) Increasing corporate taxes
  • 86. Which plan resulted from talks with Germany regarding the reduction of reparations?
A) Hughes Agreement
B) Mellon Plan
C) Dawes Plan
D) Knox Plan
  • 87. What was a primary reason the U.S. refused to recognize the Soviet government?
A) Hoover advised against it
B) The U.S. was still at war with Russia
C) Lack of natural resources
D) Communism's extreme unpopularity
  • 88. What prompted the American Relief Administration to provide aid to Russia in 1921?
A) An official alliance
B) A request from the Soviet government
C) The Russian Revolution
D) Famine
  • 89. What was the status of U.S. relations with Germany, Austria, and Hungary before the 1921 treaties?
A) Technically at war
B) Under occupation
C) In a state of permanent truce
D) Trade partners only
  • 90. How many ships did the U.S. propose to decommission in Hughes's pivotal naval plan?
A) 30
B) 17
C) 19
D) 50
  • 91. In what month and year did the Washington Naval Conference begin?
A) January 1922
B) November 1921
C) September 1921
D) November 1920
  • 92. Which treaty required the signatories to respect the territorial integrity of others in the Pacific?
A) Washington Naval Treaty
B) Nine-Power Treaty
C) Treaty of Versailles
D) Four-Power Treaty
  • 93. Which country agreed to return Shandong to China as part of the Nine-Power Treaty?
A) Japan
B) France
C) Britain
D) The United States
  • 94. How many treaties were produced by the Washington Naval Conference?
A) Six
B) Nine
C) Twelve
D) Four
  • 95. Which country was expected to decommission 19 ships under the Hughes proposal?
A) Japan
B) Italy
C) Great Britain
D) France
  • 96. What was the naval policy regarding Great Britain during the Harding administration?
A) Subservience
B) Allied coalition
C) Dominance
D) Parity
  • 97. Which Democratic vice presidential candidate did Harding attack for his role in the Haitian intervention?
A) Franklin D. Roosevelt
B) Woodrow Wilson
C) Bainbridge Colby
D) William Allen White
  • 98. Which country had U.S. troops withdrawn from them in 1921 during Harding's presidency?
A) Haiti
B) Nicaragua
C) Dominican Republic
D) Cuba
  • 99. Secretary of State Hughes pledged to limit U.S. intervention to nations near which location?
A) Havana
B) Mexico City
C) Panama Canal
D) Dominican Republic
  • 100. Who was the president of Mexico during the negotiations for U.S. recognition?
A) Álvaro Obregón
B) Albert Fall
C) Charles Cramer
D) Bainbridge Colby
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