- 1. Breath From Salt by Bijal P. Trivedi is a compelling narrative that delves deep into the personal and medical journey of individuals battling cystic fibrosis (CF), a life-threatening genetic disorder that primarily affects the lungs and digestive system. Trivedi uses her adept storytelling skills to weave together the science of CF with poignant personal stories, bringing to light the struggles and triumphs faced by those living with the disease. Through the eyes of her characters, readers are invited into the intricacies of living with a chronic condition, exploring themes of hope, resilience, and the relentless pursuit of life in the face of adversity. The book not only sheds light on the emotional and physical challenges that accompany cystic fibrosis but also highlights the groundbreaking medical research and advancements that offer glimpses of hope for patients. Trivedi's work serves as both an informative resource and an empathetic portrayal of the human spirit, illustrating the delicate balance between despair and optimism in the fight against a complex illness. With its rich narrative and insightful perspective, Breath From Salt stands out as a significant contribution to the literature surrounding chronic illnesses, making it a must-read for anyone interested in understanding the real-life implications of medical science on individual lives.
Who is the author of 'Breath From Salt'?
A) Rebecca Skloot
B) Atul Gawande
C) Siddhartha Mukherjee
D) Bijal P. Trivedi
- 2. What genetic disease is the main focus of the book?
A) Sickle cell anemia
B) Cystic fibrosis
C) Huntington's disease
D) Muscular dystrophy
- 3. What groundbreaking class of drugs does the book highlight for treating cystic fibrosis?
A) Chemotherapy drugs
B) CFTR modulators
C) Immunosuppressants
D) Antibiotics
- 4. Which company developed the first CFTR modulator, Kalydeco?
A) Pfizer
B) Merck
C) Vertex Pharmaceuticals
D) Johnson & Johnson
- 5. What does CFTR stand for in relation to cystic fibrosis?
A) Cellular Fibrosis Treatment Receptor
B) Chronic Fibrosis Tissue Repair
C) Cystic Fibrosis Therapeutic Response
D) Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator
- 6. What year was the CFTR gene discovered?
A) 1989
B) 1975
C) 1995
D) 2001
- 7. What is the main function of the CFTR protein in healthy individuals?
A) Digesting proteins
B) Producing insulin
C) Carrying oxygen in blood
D) Regulating salt and water movement in cells
- 8. Which of these is a common symptom of cystic fibrosis mentioned in the book?
A) Thick mucus in lungs
B) Vision loss
C) Skin rashes
D) High blood pressure
- 9. What role did the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation play in drug development?
A) Manufactured the drugs
B) Conducted all clinical trials
C) Discovered the CFTR gene
D) Provided venture philanthropy funding
- 10. What year was Kalydeco approved by the FDA?
A) 2015
B) 2012
C) 2010
D) 2005
- 11. Which CFTR modulator is considered the most effective triple-combination therapy?
A) Kalydeco
B) Tobi
C) Pulmozyme
D) Trikafta
- 12. How do CFTR modulators primarily work?
A) Correcting defective CFTR protein function
B) Replacing damaged lung tissue
C) Killing bacteria in lungs
D) Reducing inflammation
- 13. What was the traditional mainstay of CF treatment before modulators?
A) Airway clearance techniques and antibiotics
B) Stem cell transplants
C) Gene therapy
D) Surgery only
- 14. Which organization's fundraising efforts are highlighted in the book?
A) American Cancer Society
B) American Lung Association
C) March of Dimes
D) Cystic Fibrosis Foundation
- 15. What impact have CFTR modulators had on life expectancy?
A) Slightly decreased it
B) Dramatically increased it
C) Made it unpredictable
D) No significant change
- 16. What is a key theme in 'Breath From Salt'?
A) Competition between pharmaceutical companies
B) Government control of medical research
C) Alternative medicine superiority
D) Collaboration between patients, doctors, and researchers
- 17. What scientific breakthrough enabled targeted CF treatments?
A) Invention of the microscope
B) Development of MRI technology
C) Discovery of antibiotics
D) Understanding the protein structure and function
- 18. What is the most common mutation causing cystic fibrosis?
A) Huntingtin
B) Delta F508
C) BRCA1
D) APOE4
- 19. What organ system is most affected by cystic fibrosis?
A) Skeletal system
B) Respiratory system
C) Nervous system
D) Circulatory system
- 20. Approximately what percentage of CF patients can benefit from Trikafta?
A) 75%
B) 50%
C) 25%
D) 90%
- 21. What year was Trikafta approved by the FDA?
A) 2019
B) 2017
C) 2015
D) 2021
- 22. What is the main theme of 'Breath From Salt' regarding medical research?
A) Accidental medical discoveries
B) Military medical research
C) Government-led medical breakthroughs
D) Patient advocacy driving research
- 23. What common complication of CF involves the pancreas?
A) Pancreatitis
B) Type 1 diabetes
C) Pancreatic cancer
D) Pancreatic insufficiency
- 24. What is pulmonary function testing used for in CF patients?
A) Monitoring lung disease progression
B) Testing medication effectiveness
C) Screening for infections
D) Diagnosing genetic mutations
- 25. What common respiratory pathogen affects CF patients?
A) Streptococcus pyogenes
B) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
C) Mycobacterium tuberculosis
D) E. coli
- 26. What is the inheritance pattern of cystic fibrosis?
A) Mitochondrial
B) Autosomal dominant
C) Autosomal recessive
D) X-linked recessive
- 27. What was the first CFTR modulator approved by the FDA?
A) Ivacaftor (Kalydeco)
B) Lumacaftor
C) Elexacaftor
D) Tezacaftor
- 28. What is the main limitation of early CFTR modulators?
A) They caused severe side effects
B) They were too expensive to produce
C) They only worked for specific mutations
D) They required frequent injections
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