Scimed - Quiz
  • 1. A police officer arrives at a suspected homicide scene and finds a body with no obvious sign of life. What should the officer do first?
A) Move in the body to the hospital
B) Call a physician to establish death
C) Begin collecting evidence
D) Pronounce the victim dead
  • 2. A body is found with cherry red discoloration on the skin. What is the likely cause of death?
A) Asphyxia
B) Natural causes
C) Carbon monoxide poisoning
D) Phosphorus poisoning
  • 3. A corpse shows complete stiffening of muscles 4 hours after death. What is the likely cause of death?
A) Algor mortis
B) Rigor mortis
C) Livor mortis
D) Putrefaction
  • 4. During an autopsy the physician finds green discoloration spreading over the abdomen 24 hours after death. What is this indicative of?
A) Maceration
B) Saponification
C) Early potrefaction
D) Mummification
  • 5. A patient in coma dies due to failure of vital brain centers. What mode of death is this
A) Asphyxia
B) Coma
C) Syncope
D) Cardiac arrest
  • 6. A body is found with blood settled independent parts that changes when the body is moved. What type of lividity is this?
A) Hypostatic lividity
B) Diffusion lividity
C) Phosphorus lividity
D) Carbon monoxide lividity
  • 7. A person is founded with no heartbeat for 3 minutes but still has some respiratory effort. What is the legal status?
A) Requires further examination
B) Suspended animation
C) Dead
D) Alive
  • 8. A corpse shows dry blister formation after heat application with no surrounding redness. What does this indicate
A) Body is alive
B) Death occurred after heat application
C) Death occurred before heat application
D) Heat caused death
  • 9. A body is found with skin pale, and waxy, loss of elasticity and postmortem contact flattening. What stage is this?
A) Advance putrefaction
B) Early postmortem changes
C) Autolysis
D) Mummification
  • 10. Victim was found with instantaneous muscles rigidity immediately after death due to chest injury. What is this called
A) Cold stiffening
B) Rigor mortis
C) Heat stiffening
D) Cadaveric spasm
  • 11. A physician is called to determine death but finds the victim in a state of temporary loss of consciousness due to electric shock
A) Molecular death
B) Somatic death
C) Apparent death or suspended animation
D) Clinical death
  • 12. A corpse is found with dark brown lividity. what poison is likely involved?
A) Cyanide
B) Carbon monoxide
C) Arsenic
D) Phosphorus
  • 13. A body is found bloated with green discoloration and maggots 48 hours after death. What is the process called?
A) Mummification
B) Putrefaction
C) Autolysis
D) Saponification
  • 14. A physician performs an external examination of a dead body without incision
A) Medical examination
B) Autopsy
C) Forensic investigation
D) Post-mortem examination
  • 15. A forensic pathologist is task to determine if a death was due to homicide or natural causes
A) Medico-legal or forensic autopsy
B) Medical autopsy
C) Clinical autopsy
D) Research autopsy
  • 16. A victims body is found with the pupil fixed in the position of rest and loss of corneal reflex
A) Brain death
B) Suspended animation
C) The person is alive
D) Early signs of death
  • 17. A body is found with fatty tissues transferred into a soft brownish white substance
A) Maceration
B) Saponification or adipocere formation
C) Putrefaction
D) Mummification
  • 18. A physician notes that the victim survive an injury for prolonged period allowing complications to develop before them. What cause of death is this?
A) Unknown cause
B) Proximate (secondary) cause
C) Immediate cause
D) Natural causes
  • 19. A corpse is found with green discoloration over the abdomen and spreading to the chest 24 hours after death. What is the stage of putrefaction?
A) None
B) Final
C) Advance
D) Early
  • 20. A body is found with lividity that does not change when the body position is altered
A) Diffusion
B) Phosphorus
C) Carbon monoxide
D) Hypostatic
  • 21. A victim was exposed to extreme cold before death and the muscles are hardened
A) Cold stiffening
B) Cadaveric spasm
C) Heat stiffening
D) Rigor mortis
  • 22. A physician is called to crime scene where the victims heart has stopped for 6 minutes
A) Requires resuscitation
B) The victim is alive
C) Death is certain
D) Death is uncertain
  • 23. A body is found with a triangular black spot on the sclera a few hours after death. What is this called?
A) Algor mortis
B) Rigor mortis
C) Livor mortis
D) Tache noir de la sclerotique
  • 24. A forensic expert finds that the victims muscles no longer respond to electrical stimulus and have become flaccid after rigor mortis
A) Post-mortem rigidity
B) Putrefaction
C) Primary placidity
D) Secondary flaccidity
  • 25. A body is found with no heart action and no circulation for 2 minutes. What should be the next?
A) Attempt resuscitation
B) Declare that immediately
C) Call the police
D) Wait for 3 minutes before declaring death
  • 26. A victim died from respiratory failure due to lack of oxygen
A) Syncope
B) Asphyxia
C) Cardiac arrest
D) Coma
  • 27. A body is found with post more time lividity that is cherry red. What is the probable cause of death?
A) Both A and B
B) Carbon monoxide poisoning
C) Cyanide poisoning
  • 28. A corpse is found with skin that is pale and waxy and has lost elasticity. What post-mortem change is this?
A) Algor mortis
B) Rigor mortis
C) Changes in the skin after death
D) Livor mortis
  • 29. A forensic pathologist is examining a body and notes that the muscles of the face are stiff but the limbs are still flaccid. How long has the body likely been dead?
A) 2-6 hours
B) More than 12 hours
C) Less than 2 hours
D) 6-12 hours
  • 30. Which wound is most likely to cause that immediately after infliction
A) Superficial wound
B) Closed wound
C) Non-mortal wound
D) Mortal wound
  • 31. Which organ is NOT usually considered mortal if wounded
A) Brain
B) Lungs
C) Skin
D) Heart
  • 32. A wound caused by a blunt instrument is called:
A) Incised wound
B) Stab wound
C) Contusion
D) Punctured wound
  • 33. What is a wound caused by a sharp edge instrument
A) Contusion
B) Hematoma
C) Lacerated wound
D) Incised wound
  • 34. Which wound is produced by a sharp-pointed instrument
A) Punctured wound
B) Lacerated wound
C) Abrasion
D) Stab wound
  • 35. A wound that has both entry and exit points is called:
A) Contusion
B) Perforating wound
C) Abrasion
D) Lacerated wound
  • 36. In injury at the site of force application is:
A) Contre-coup injury
B) Lacerated wound
C) Patterned wound
D) Coup injury
  • 37. An injury found opposite the site of force application is:
A) Coup injury
B) Contre-coup injury
C) Defense wound
D) Patterned wound
  • 38. A wound resulting from self protection is called:
A) Defense wound
B) Lacerated wound
C) Patterned wound
D) Self inflicted wound
  • 39. A wound that reflects the shape of the object causing it is:
A) Superficial wound
B) Closed wound
C) Patterned wound
D) Coup injury
  • 40. A wound produced on oneself is called:
A) Defense wound
B) Self-inflicted wound
C) Coup injury
D) Patterned wound
  • 41. According to aristotle, at what day after conception does fetal animation occur?
A) 30th day
B) 50th day
C) 40th day
D) 20th day
  • 42. What did Numa Popilius decree regarding women dying during confinement?
A) None of the above
B) They should be given a trial
C) They should be buried immediately
D) They should be opened to save the child
  • 43. Who was the first police Surgeon or Forensic Pathologist?
A) Paulus Zacchias
B) Ambroise Pare
C) Dr. Rafael Genard y Mas
D) Antistius
  • 44. Death is defined medically as the complete cessation of which vital functions?
A) Central nervous system only
B) Respiratory ,cardiac, and central nervous system
C) Cardiac and muscular only
D) Respiratory and digestive only
  • 45. What happens to criminal liability upon death?
A) It is transferred to heirs
B) It is suspended
C) It is extinguished
D) It continues
  • 46. Immediate (primary) cause of death refers to:
A) Death caused by slow disease progression
B) Death caused quickly without complications
C) Death caused by poisoning only
D) Death caused by accident only
  • 47. What is somatic or clinical death
A) Death declared by family members
B) Complete sensation of brain, heart, and lung functions
C) Death of individual cells
D) Temporary loss of consciousness
  • 48. Which type of death involves the patient giving up prematurely?
A) Sociology death
B) Biologic death
C) Psychic death
D) Physiological death
  • 49. A man is found with a wound on his chest that passes through the body and exist from the back. What type of wound is this
A) Perforating wound
B) Incised wound
C) Lacerated wound
D) Penetrating wound
  • 50. A woman presents with a wound on her forearm that matches the shape of a belt buckle after being stuck. What is this wound called?
A) Patterned wound
B) Coup injury
C) Defense wound
D) Self-inflicted wound
  • 51. During an autopsy, a wound is found on the victims palm, likely caused by instinctive self protection against an attacker with a knife.
A) Defense wound
B) Patterned wound
C) Coup injury
D) Contre-coup injury
  • 52. A person working in a freezer for long hours develops swelling, discoloration, and tissue death in their fingers. What is the most likely diagnosed?
A) Scald
B) Frostbite
C) Trench foot
D) Heat stroke
  • 53. A victim is found with a gunshot wound to the abdomen. The wound is larger and more destructive than usual, and the firearm was discharged at closed range. What explains the severity?
A) The wound was accidental
B) The bullet was small
C) The bullet was made over rubber
D) Discharge was close to the skin
  • 54. After a car accident a patient is found to have a partial description in the ligamentous support of the ankle joint but no bone displacement.
A) Fracture
B) Strain
C) Sprain
D) Dislocation
  • 55. A young woman is examine after an alleged sexual assault. Her hymen is found to be lacerated. What is the medical term for this finding?
A) False physical virginity
B) Defloration
C) Cribiform hymen
D) Demi virginity
  • 56. A man is found hanging from a rope in his bedroom. The rope and anchorage are accessible, and there is evidence of movement of the rope as the body was suspended. What is the most likely manner of death?
A) Accident
B) Homicide
C) Undetermined
D) Suicide
  • 57. What is the first essential step in a homicide investigation
A) Arresting suspect
B) Establishing the fact of death
C) Interviewing witness
D) Collecting evidence
  • 58. Which mode of death results primarily brown failure of lighter brain centers
A) Asphyxia
B) Coma
C) Cardiac arrest
D) Syncope
  • 59. What is rigor mortis
A) Lost of corneal reflex
B) Stiffening of the body muscles after death
C) This coloration of the body
D) Cooling of the body
  • 60. How long does it generally take for the body to reach ambient temperature after death in tropical countries
A) 12-15 hours
B) 6-8hours
C) 1-3 hours
D) 24 hours
  • 61. What is the stage of secondary flaccidity
A) Muscle relaxation after rigor mortis disappears
B) Discoloration of the skin
C) Cooling ng of the body
D) Initial muscles stiffness
  • 62. What is a autolysis
A) Self-digestion of tissues by enzymes after death
B) Cooling of the body
C) Bacterial decomposition
D) Muscles tiffening
  • 63. Putrefaction involve:
A) Loss of corneal reflex
B) Dehydration of the body
C) Breaking down of proteins with foul-smelling gases
D) Instantaneous muscles definition
  • 64. Which of the following is a special modification of putrefaction
A) All of the above
B) Mummification
C) Saponification
D) Maceration
  • 65. What is the difference between autopsy and postmortem examination
A) Autopsy includes internal examination; postmortem is external only
B) Autopsy is done by police only
C) Postmortem includes internal examination; autopsy is external only
D) Both are the same
  • 66. What is the main purpose of medical legal or forensic autopsy
A) Perform organ donation
B) Determine cause, manner, and time of death for legal purposes
C) None of the above
D) Determine medical cause of death for research
  • 67. Which is not a general effect of heat
A) Heat stroke
B) Heat cramps
C) Frostbite
D) Heat exhaustion
  • 68. Painful muscle contractions due to dehydration are called
A) Trench foot
B) Heat cramps
C) Heat exhaustion
D) Heatstroke
  • 69. Heart failure caused by heat and exertion is:
A) Heat exhaustion
B) Heat cramps
C) Heat stroke
D) Frostbite
  • 70. A life threatening condition from high temperature is;
A) Heat exhaustion
B) Heat cramps
C) Scald
D) Heat stroke
  • 71. A burn caused by heat liquid is
A) Scald
B) Contusion
C) Burn
D) Frostbite
  • 72. All gunshot wounds result from the entry of
A) Blunt object
B) Projectile
C) Rope
D) Knife
  • 73. The closer the gun is to the skin, the;
A) Greater the damage
B) None of the above
C) No effect
D) Lesser the damage
  • 74. Which is not a sign of accidental gunshot wound
A) Witness testimony
B) No spatial area involved
C) Multiple wounds
D) Usually one shot
  • 75. Which is not a sign of homicidal gunshot wound
A) Multiple entry sites
B) Absence of weapon
C) Firearm found at scene
D) Signs of struggle
  • 76. Hanging is usually considered:
A) Suicidal
B) Undetermined
C) Homicide
D) Accidental
  • 77. Which is not a common method of suicide
A) Drowning
B) Hanging
C) Frostbite
D) Poisoning
  • 78. Accidental death is defined as death that:
A) Is planned
B) Is always violent
C) Is self inflicted
D) Occurs beyond one's will
  • 79. Rape is committed when there is
A) No penetration
B) Full penetration
C) Slightest penetration
D) Only oral contact
  • 80. A child falls and scrapes his knee resulting in the loss of the superficial layers of skin. What type of wound is this
A) Incised wound
B) Lacerated wound
C) Abrasion
D) Contusion
  • 81. Which is not an essential element of rape
A) Use of force or intimidation
B) Offender is a man
C) Carnal knowledge
D) Victim is always over 18
  • 82. Sexual assault under the anti rape law includes:
A) Both a and b
B) Inserting object into genital or orifice
C) Inserting penis into mouth
  • 83. Which is not evidence in rape investigation
A) Physical exam of victim
B) Panty of victim
C) Suspects clothing
D) Victims height
  • 84. Virginity is presumed when a woman is:
A) Over 40
B) Single and good repetition
C) None of the above
D) Married
  • 85. Defloration is:
A) Only from sports
B) Only hymen injury
C) Laceration of hymen from sexual intercourse
D) None of the above
  • 86. Demi virginity refers to:
A) Permitting sexual liberties but not rupturing hymen
B) Never having sexual liberties
C) Complete abstinence
D) None of the above
  • 87. Homosexuality is
A) Sexual desire towards same sex
B) Sexual desire towards children
C) Sexual desire towards animals
D) Sexual desire towards corpses
  • 88. Necrophilia is
A) Sexual desire towards animal
B) Sexual desire towards same sex
C) Sexual desire towards children
D) Sexual desire towards corpses
  • 89. What is the usual time frame for rigor mortis to disappear
A) 18-36 hours
B) 48-72 hours
C) 1 week
D) 6-12 hours
  • 90. What is the first sign of death in the eye
A) Pupil fixed in position of rest
B) Loss of corneal reflex
C) Flaccidity of eyeball
D) Clouding of cornea
  • 91. What is "Tache noir de la sclerotique"
A) Rigor mortis in eyelids
B) Discoloration of nails
C) Bruise on the skin
D) Post-mortem spots on sclera appearing hours after death
  • 92. What does heat application on skin after death produced
A) Wet blister
B) Redness around blister
C) No blister
D) Dry blister without fluid
  • 93. What is hypostatic lividity
A) Blood still fluid inside vessels; changes with body position
B) Blood coagulated inside vessels; does not change with position
C) Discoloration due to poisoning
D) Cooling of the body
  • 94. What is diffusion lividity
A) Blood coagulated inside vessels
B) Loss of corneal reflex
C) Discoloration due to heat
D) Blood still fluid inside a vessels
  • 95. What is the cause of death in syncope
A) Poisoning
B) Respiratory failure
C) Heart failure
D) Brain failure
  • 96. What is the cause of death in asphyxia
A) Poisoning
B) Heart failure
C) Brain failure
D) Respiratory failure due to lack of oxygen
  • 97. Which of the following is not a method of judicial death
A) Lethal injection
B) Natural causes
C) Hanging
D) Electrocution
  • 98. A body is found with rigor mortis fully developed and fix lividity. How long has the person likely been dead
A) 12 hours or more
B) 3-6 hours
C) More than 1 week
D) Less than 3 hours
  • 99. Which vital function must cease for death to be legally declared
A) Respiratory only
B) All three; respiratory, cardiac, and central nervous system
C) Central nervous system activity only
D) Cardiac activity only
  • 100. The first medico-legal laboratory in the philippines was established in
A) 1919
B) 1895
C) 1985
D) 1960
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