G-force - Quiz
G force
  • 1. What do human tolerances to gravitational force depend on?
A) Air pressure and surrounding temperature
B) The age, weight, and height of the person
C) Only the magnitude and duration of the force
D) Magnitude, duration, direction, location, and posture
  • 2. What can a hard slap on the face briefly impose locally without real damage?
A) Hundreds of g
B) A sustained 9 g
C) Exactly 16 g
D) A negative 3 g
  • 3. What effect can a constant 16 g for a minute have on the human body?
A) It produces no real damage
B) It will cause minor bruising
C) It will only cause temporary tunnel vision
D) It may be deadly
  • 4. When can relatively low peak g-force levels be severely damaging during vibration?
A) If they are applied horizontally to the body
B) If the person has cardiovascular problems
C) If they are at the resonant frequency of organs or connective tissues
D) If the vibration lasts for more than an hour
  • 5. What can reduce a person's g-tolerance?
A) Having a high innate ability
B) Wearing a specialized g-suit
C) Some illnesses, particularly cardiovascular problems
D) Training and exercising muscles
  • 6. Along which axis do aircraft pilots typically sustain g-forces?
A) A random fluctuating axis
B) The diagonal axis from shoulder to hip
C) The axis aligned with the spine
D) The horizontal axis from left to right
  • 7. What causes the limitation of maximum tolerated g-forces along the spine?
A) The resonant frequency of internal organs
B) The weight of the aircraft's seat
C) Significant variation in blood pressure along the body's length
D) The flexibility of softer tissues in the face
  • 8. Where does positive, or upward, g-force drive blood?
A) Downward to the feet
B) Upward to the head and brain
C) Backward against the spine
D) Outward to the arms and hands
  • 9. What is the typical g-force limit a normal person can handle before losing consciousness?
A) Between -2 and -3 g
B) Hundreds of g
C) About 9 g
D) About 5 g
  • 10. What methods do modern pilots use to handle a sustained 9 g?
A) A combination of special g-suits and muscle straining
B) Only relaxing their muscles completely
C) Leaning forward to drive blood to the feet
D) Taking cardiovascular medication
  • 11. What is the specific value of a sustained g-force modern pilots can typically handle?
A) 3 g
B) 16 g
C) 9 g
D) 5 g
  • 12. What is grey-out?
A) A complete loss of vision while consciousness is maintained
B) A g-force induced loss of consciousness
C) A condition where vision is reddened
D) A condition where vision loses hue, easily reversible on levelling out
  • 13. What characterizes tunnel vision under positive g-force?
A) Peripheral vision is progressively lost
B) Vision loses its hue entirely
C) Blood vessels in the eyes burst completely
D) Blood-laden lower eyelids are pulled into the field of vision
  • 14. What is blackout?
A) A redness in the field of vision
B) A loss of vision while consciousness is maintained
C) A temporary graying of vision easily reversed
D) A total loss of both vision and consciousness
  • 15. What does G-LOC stand for?
A) G-force level of capacity
B) Gravitational loss of circulation
C) Gravity limited optical control
D) G-force induced loss of consciousness
  • 16. What happens if vertical g-forces are not quickly reduced after severe symptoms?
A) Red out
B) Increased g-tolerance
C) Grey-out
D) Death
  • 17. Where does negative or downward g-force drive blood?
A) To the arms
B) To the head
C) To the spine
D) To the feet
  • 18. What is the typical resistance limit for negative g-force?
A) Up to 16 g
B) Hundreds of g
C) -2 to -3 g
D) 5 to 9 g
  • 19. What is red out?
A) A complete loss of consciousness caused by lack of blood in the head
B) A temporary loss of hue in the vision
C) The progressive loss of peripheral vision
D) A condition where vision is literally reddened due to the lower eyelid being pulled into view
  • 20. What can happen to blood vessels in the eyes or brain under negative g-force?
A) They become immune to pressure changes
B) They may swell or burst
C) They may constrict and stop blood flow entirely
D) They adapt and increase g-tolerance
  • 21. What does g-force stand for?
A) Gravitational force equivalent
B) General force
C) Gravity friction
D) Global frequency
  • 22. What is more transient acceleration accompanied by significant jerk called?
A) Shock
B) Strain
C) Weightlessness
D) Stress
  • 23. What causes g-forces to be destructive?
A) Zero-g environments
B) Pure gravitational fields
C) Free-fall trajectories
D) Strains caused by surface-contact forces
  • 24. What is the colloquial term for being in free fall in an inertial trajectory?
A) Zero-g
B) Shock-g
C) Positive-g
D) High-g
  • 25. What is the SI unit of measurement for acceleration?
A) km/h
B) N/kg
C) kg/m
D) m/s2
  • 26. What does the symbol 'G' stand for?
A) The gravitational constant
B) Grams
C) Standard gravity
D) Ground speed
  • 27. What device is typically used to measure g-force?
A) An accelerometer
B) A thermometer
C) A speedometer
D) A barometer
  • 28. What type of g-forces point downward, indicating upward acceleration?
A) Zero g-forces
B) Neutral g-forces
C) Positive g-forces
D) Negative g-forces
  • 29. What type of stress does upward acceleration mainly cause in most of the human body?
A) Electrical stress
B) Compressive stress
C) Thermal stress
D) Magnetic stress
  • 30. What type of stress is experienced by hanging arms during an upward g-force?
A) Shear stress
B) Bending stress
C) Tensile stress
D) Compressive stress
  • 31. Does gravitation acting alone produce any g-force?
A) Yes, depending on mass
B) No
C) Yes, variable amounts
D) Yes, always 1 g
  • 32. What is the preparation of an object for high g-tolerance called?
A) g-LOC
B) g-weighting
C) g-hardening
D) g-forcing
  • 33. How much acceleration could untrained humans tolerate for less than 10 seconds in early experiments?
A) 46.2 g0
B) 20 g0
C) 10 g0
D) 6 g0
  • 34. How much acceleration could untrained humans tolerate for 1 minute?
A) 6 g0
B) 20 g0
C) 10 g0
D) 214 g0
  • 35. How much acceleration could untrained humans tolerate for 10 minutes?
A) 10 g0
B) 46.2 g0
C) 20 g0
D) 6 g0
  • 36. Who holds the record for peak experimental horizontal g-force tolerance?
A) Mach 0.9
B) Kenny Bräck
C) John Stapp
D) Tomas Scheckter
  • 37. What type of experiments did John Stapp use to set his horizontal g-force tolerance record?
A) High-altitude balloon flights
B) IndyCar racing crashes
C) Centrifuge spin tests
D) Rocket sled deceleration experiments
  • 38. How long did John Stapp live after his record-breaking test?
A) Another 10 years
B) Another year
C) Another 45 years
D) Another 30 years
  • 39. At what age did John Stapp pass away?
A) 89
B) 60
C) 75
D) 95
  • 40. When did the highest recorded g-force experienced by a surviving human occur?
A) 12 October 1999
B) Late 1954
C) 1 November 2003
D) 12 October 2003
  • 41. Who was driving the car that recorded the highest surviving g-force during a crash?
A) An untrained non-pilot
B) Tomas Scheckter
C) John Stapp
D) Kenny Bräck
  • 42. Whose car did Kenny Bräck make wheel-to-wheel contact with?
A) John Stapp's car
B) An experimental rocket sled
C) A catch fence
D) Tomas Scheckter's car
  • 43. What object did Kenny Bräck's car impact immediately after the wheel-to-wheel contact?
A) Retina blood vessels
B) A concrete barrier
C) Rocket sled track
D) Catch fence
  • 44. What was the peak g-force recorded when Kenny Bräck's car impacted the catch fence?
A) 20 g0
B) 214 g0
C) 10 g0
D) 46.2 g0
  • 45. What event was the race where Kenny Bräck crashed officially called?
A) Texas 600
B) 2003 Chevy 500
C) Stapp Rocket Test
D) Indy 500
  • 46. What is defined as a periodic oscillation that can be measured in g0·s and frequency?
A) Vibration
B) Impact
C) Free fall
D) Jerk
  • 47. Where was recent research carried out on extremophiles involving bacteria subject to extreme gravity?
A) Germany
B) United States
C) Canada
D) Japan
  • 48. What non-extremophile control bacterium was used alongside extremophiles in the gravity research?
A) Caenorhabditis elegans
B) E. coli
C) Paracoccus denitrificans
D) Panagrolaimus superbus
  • 49. Which bacterium displayed survival and robust cellular growth under conditions of 403,627 g?
A) Caenorhabditis elegans
B) Panagrolaimus superbus
C) Paracoccus denitrificans
D) E. coli
  • 50. What feature is essential for successful growth of prokaryotic cells under hypergravity?
A) Thick cell walls
B) Multicellular structure
C) Flagella movement
D) Small size
  • 51. What broader concept does the research on extremophiles under hypergravity have implications for?
A) Photosynthesis
B) Nuclear fusion
C) Plate tectonics
D) Panspermia
  • 52. What is a ballistic trajectory also known as?
A) Tidal trajectory
B) Vibrational trajectory
C) Inertial trajectory
D) Hyperbolic trajectory
  • 53. What kind of small tidal accelerations experienced by astronauts in orbit are neglected for general discussion?
A) Mechanical shock
B) Hypergravity
C) Jerk
D) Microgravity
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