Lake Baikal - Test
Lake Baikal
  • 1. Where is Lake Baikal located?
A) Russia
B) USA
C) Canada
D) China
  • 2. What is the deepest lake in the world?
A) Lake Baikal
B) Caspian Sea
C) Lake Tanganyika
D) Lake Superior
  • 3. Which animals are native to Lake Baikal?
A) Giraffe
B) Polar bear
C) Kangaroo
D) Baikal seal
  • 4. How many rivers flow into Lake Baikal?
A) 336
B) 273
C) 512
D) 157
  • 5. When was Lake Baikal declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site?
A) 1970
B) 2020
C) 2005
D) 1996
  • 6. How many islands are there in Lake Baikal?
A) 10
B) 5
C) 27
D) 50
  • 7. Which city located near Lake Baikal is a popular tourist destination?
A) Irkutsk
B) New York
C) Tokyo
D) Paris
  • 8. What is the primary threat to Lake Baikal's ecosystem?
A) Pollution
B) Climate change
C) Overfishing
D) Invasive species
  • 9. What is the maximum depth of Lake Baikal?
A) 1,642 meters
B) 500 meters
C) 3,000 meters
D) 800 meters
  • 10. What percentage of the world's fresh surface water does Lake Baikal contain?
A) 10–15%
B) 40–45%
C) 30–35%
D) 22–23%
  • 11. How old is Lake Baikal estimated to be?
A) 50–60 million years
B) 25–30 million years
C) 10–15 million years
D) 100–120 million years
  • 12. How much does the Baikal Rift Zone widen each year?
A) About 20 mm
B) About 4 mm
C) About 1 mm
D) About 10 mm
  • 13. How many basins does Lake Baikal have?
A) Three
B) Two
C) Five
D) Four
  • 14. Which river is the main outlet of Lake Baikal?
A) The Yenisey
B) The Angara
C) The Barguzin
D) The Selenga
  • 15. Which is the largest island in Lake Baikal?
A) Olkhon
B) Yenisey
C) Baikal
D) Lena
  • 16. How many inflowing rivers does Lake Baikal have?
A) 500
B) 10
C) 100
D) As many as 330
  • 17. Which of the following is not a main river draining directly into Baikal?
A) The Upper Angara
B) The Barguzin
C) The Yenisey
D) The Selenga
  • 18. What is the estimated volume of water in Lake Baikal?
A) 30,000 km3
B) 23,615.39 km3
C) 10,000 km3
D) 5,000 km3
  • 19. What is the mean winter minimum temperature in Buryatia near Lake Baikal?
A) 0 °C
B) −30 °C
C) −19 °C
D) −10 °C
  • 20. What is the mean summer maximum temperature in Buryatia near Lake Baikal?
A) 14 °C
B) 25 °C
C) 30 °C
D) 20 °C
  • 21. What is the name of the region to the east of Lake Baikal?
A) Irkutsk
B) Transbaikalia
C) Buryatia
D) Siberia
  • 22. What is the name of the region around Lake Baikal?
A) Irkutsk
B) Siberia
C) Baikalia
D) Buryatia
  • 23. What is the name of the ridge separating the North and Central basins of Lake Baikal?
A) Barguzin Ridge
B) Baikal Ridge
C) Siberian Ridge
D) Academician Ridge
  • 24. What is the name of the area separating the Central and South basins of Lake Baikal?
A) Barguzin Saddle
B) Siberian Saddle
C) Buguldeika Saddle
D) Baikal Saddle
  • 25. What is the name of the cape on Baikal's northwest coast?
A) Cape Buryatia
B) Cape Baikal
C) Cape Ryty
D) Cape Siberia
  • 26. What is the name of the mountain range on the northeastern shore of Lake Baikal?
A) The Altai Range
B) The Siberian Range
C) The Ural Range
D) The Barguzin Range
  • 27. What is the name of the mountain range stretching along the western shore of Lake Baikal?
A) The Altai Range
B) The Ural Range
C) The Primorsky Range
D) The Siberian Range
  • 28. When does the upper 300 m of Lake Baikal become homothermic at around 4 °C?
A) In December–January
B) Throughout the year
C) In July–August
D) In May–June and again in October–November
  • 29. How many species of plants are currently known to inhabit Lake Baikal?
A) More than 1,000 species
B) Exactly 1,500 species
C) Less than 500 species
D) More than 2,500 species
  • 30. Which of the following is an invasive plant species in Lake Baikal?
A) Ulothrix
B) Elodea canadensis
C) Cirsium palustre
D) Potamogeton
  • 31. Which of these mammals was historically found near Lake Baikal but is no longer present?
A) Snow leopard (Panthera uncia)
B) European bison (Bison bonasus)
C) Amur leopard (Panthera pardus orientalis)
D) Siberian musk deer (Moschus moschiferus)
  • 32. How many species of submerged macrophytes have been recorded in Lake Baikal?
A) Less than 30 species
B) Exactly 50 species
C) About 100 species
D) More than 85 species
  • 33. Which of the following is not a genus of submerged macrophytes found in Lake Baikal?
A) Potamogeton
B) Ceratophyllum
C) Ulothrix
D) Myriophyllum
  • 34. Which genus of green algae is found deeper than 30 meters in Lake Baikal?
A) Tetraspora
B) Aegagrophila
C) Ulothrix
D) Draparnaldioides
  • 35. Which of the following mammals is not typically found around Lake Baikal?
A) Siberian tiger (Panthera tigris tigris)
B) Siberian roe deer (Capreolus pygargus)
C) Brown bear (Ursus arctos)
D) Eurasian wolf (Canis lupus lupus)
  • 36. Which of the following is a land mammal found around Lake Baikal?
A) Draparnaldioides
B) Moose (Alces alces)
C) Elodea canadensis
D) Baikal seal (Pusa sibirica)
  • 37. Which of these mammals is known for its presence in the Eurasian region and can be found around Lake Baikal?
A) Kangaroo (Macropus sp.)
B) African elephant (Loxodonta africana)
C) Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra)
D) Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus)
  • 38. Which of the following is a genus of green algae found in Lake Baikal?
A) Lutra
B) Cladophora
C) Ursus
D) Canis
  • 39. Which of these species is not a type of squirrel found around Lake Baikal?
A) Eastern gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis)
B) Both B and C
C) Red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris)
D) Siberian chipmunk (Eutamias sibiricus)
  • 40. Which of the following mammals is known for its distinctive white winter coat found around Lake Baikal?
A) Red fox (Vulpes vulpes)
B) Siberian tiger (Panthera tigris tigris)
C) Eurasian wolf (Canis lupus lupus)
D) Snow leopard (Panthera uncia)
  • 41. Which of the following is a type of deer found around Lake Baikal?
A) Both B and C
B) Mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus)
C) White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus)
D) Siberian roe deer (Capreolus pygargus)
  • 42. Which of the following mammals is known for its musky scent and is found around Lake Baikal?
A) Siberian tiger (Panthera tigris tigris)
B) Siberian musk deer (Moschus moschiferus)
C) Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra)
D) Red fox (Vulpes vulpes)
  • 43. Which of the following is a type of bear found around Lake Baikal?
A) Both B and C
B) Black bear (Ursus americanus)
C) Brown bear (Ursus arctos)
D) Polar bear (Ursus maritimus)
  • 44. Which of the following mammals is known for its agility and climbing abilities around Lake Baikal?
A) Siberian tiger (Panthera tigris tigris)
B) Siberian chipmunk (Eutamias sibiricus)
C) Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra)
D) Moose (Alces alces)
  • 45. Which of the following is a type of hare found around Lake Baikal?
A) Black-tailed jackrabbit (Lepus californicus)
B) Mountain hare (Lepus timidus)
C) Both B and C
D) European hare (Lepus europaeus)
  • 46. How many species of birds inhabit Lake Baikal?
A) 150
B) 236
C) 500
D) 300
  • 47. How many of the bird species at Lake Baikal are waterfowl?
A) 100
B) 200
C) 29
D) 50
  • 48. At what depths do the golomyanka species typically live in Lake Baikal?
A) 50–100 m
B) 100–500 m
C) 10–50 m
D) 500–1000 m
  • 49. Which fish is the primary prey of the Baikal seal?
A) Baikal black grayling
B) Baikal sturgeon
C) Omul
D) Golomyanka
  • 50. What is the most important local fish species for fisheries in Lake Baikal?
A) Golomyanka
B) Baikal sturgeon
C) Baikal white grayling
D) Omul
  • 51. Which endemic whitefish species is caught and smoked for sale around Lake Baikal?
A) Coregonus migratorius
B) Acipenser baerii baicalensis
C) Coregonus baicalensis
D) Thymallus baicalensis
  • 52. Which amphipod species is known for living its entire life in the water column?
A) Macrohectopus branickii
B) Pachyschesis
C) Garjajewia
D) Abyssogammarus
  • 53. Which family do all isopods in Lake Baikal belong to?
A) Asellidae
B) Cytherideidae
C) Candonidae
D) Acanthogammaridae
  • 54. What is the estimated percentage of the total biomass made up by Epischurella baikalensis in Lake Baikal?
A) 30 to 40%
B) 50 to 60%
C) 10 to 20%
D) 80 to 90%
  • 55. How many cubic kilometers of water do Epischurella baikalensis filter annually in Lake Baikal?
A) A hundred
B) Five hundred
C) A thousand
D) Ten thousand
  • 56. Which family of ostracods in Lake Baikal has more than 100 described species?
A) Cytherideidae
B) Candonidae
C) Acanthogammaridae
D) Asellidae
  • 57. How many endemic freshwater snail species are known from Lake Baikal?
A) 200
B) 117
C) 150
D) 30
  • 58. Which of the following is a common species of Baikal snails?
A) Baikalospongia bacillifera
B) Lubomirskia baikalensis
C) Benedictia baicalensis
D) Megalovalvata baicalensis
  • 59. How many described species of aquatic freshwater oligochaetes are there in Lake Baikal?
A) Almost 200
B) 4
C) 150
D) 30
  • 60. What is the largest flatworm species in Lake Baikal?
A) Benedictia baicalensis
B) Baikaloplana valida
C) Megalovalvata baicalensis
D) Lubomirskia baikalensis
  • 61. How many species of sponges are known to occur in Lake Baikal?
A) 30
B) 200
C) At least 18
D) 150
  • 62. Which family do most of the endemic sponges in Lake Baikal belong to?
A) Spongillidae
B) Euglesidae
C) Lubomirskiidae
D) Pisidiidae
  • 63. What percentage of the benthic animal biomass in Lake Baikal is made up by sponges?
A) 60%
B) Around 44%
C) 30%
D) 10%
  • 64. What are the common colors of sponges in Lake Baikal when alive?
A) Orange, pink, or violet
B) Black, white, or gray
C) Green, brownish, or yellowish
D) Red, blue, or purple
  • 65. What is the name of the young human male whose remains were found near the village of Mal'ta?
A) Buryat Boy
B) Mal'ta Boy
C) Kurykan Boy
D) Baikal Man
  • 66. What culture is associated with the remains of Mal'ta Boy?
A) Buryat culture
B) Kurykan culture
C) Xiongnu culture
D) Mal'ta–Buret' culture
  • 67. What was Lake Baikal called by the Kurykans?
A) Natural lake
B) Much water
C) North Sea
D) Rich lake
  • 68. What name did the Buryats give to Lake Baikal?
A) Baygal nuur
B) Much water
C) Rich lake
D) North Sea
  • 69. Which dynasty controlled Lake Baikal from 647 CE to 682 CE?
A) Han dynasty
B) Xiongnu confederation
C) Russian Empire
D) Tang dynasty
  • 70. What was the Russian expansion into the Buryat area around Lake Baikal part of?
A) The construction of the SS Baikal
B) The Russian conquest of Siberia
C) The establishment of the Trans-Siberian Railway
D) The Great Siberian Ice March
  • 71. Who may have been the first Russian to reach the Lena River?
A) Maksim Perfilyev
B) Petr Beketov
C) Demid Pyanda
D) Vikhor Savin
  • 72. In which year did Kurbat Ivanov first see Lake Baikal?
A) 1635
B) 1643
C) 1652
D) 1628
  • 73. What was the name of the first European to see Lake Baikal?
A) Maksim Perfilyev
B) Demid Pyanda
C) Petr Beketov
D) Kurbat Ivanov
  • 74. Who headed the hydrogeographical expedition that produced the first detailed contour map of Lake Baikal's bed?
A) F.K. Drizhenko
B) Petr Beketov
C) Kurbat Ivanov
D) Maksim Perfilyev
  • 75. What did the Russian explorers collect from the Buryats in 1628?
A) Furs
B) Yasak (tribute)
C) Silver
D) Gold
  • 76. Which river did Maksim Perfilyev cross in 1638 to reach the Lena River?
A) Ilim portage
B) Selenga River
C) Barguzin River
D) Uda River
  • 77. What nickname is given to Lake Baikal in relation to Lake Khövsgöl?
A) Mother of Sister Lakes
B) Older sister of Sister Lakes
C) Younger sister of Sister Lakes
D) Twin of Sister Lakes
  • 78. What was the name of the punitive expedition that restored Bratsk in 1635?
A) Perfilyev
B) Beketov
C) Khripunov
D) Radukovskii
  • 79. What did Ivan Pokhabov explore in 1644?
A) The Khilok River
B) The Uda River
C) The upper Lena River
D) The lower Selenge River
  • 80. What was the name of the first Russian to explore Tungus country on the lower Angara?
A) Demid Pyanda
B) Maksim Perfilyev
C) Petr Beketov
D) Vikhor Savin
  • 81. What did the Russians hear about in 1609 at Tomsk?
A) The Trans-Siberian Railway
B) The Buryats
C) The Great Siberian Ice March
D) The Amur country
  • 82. Which organization is an independent research entity working on Lake Baikal?
A) Lake Baikal Environmental Agency
B) Russian Governmental Organization
C) Baikal Submersible Operations
D) The Baikalian Research Centre
  • 83. Who holds the record for the deepest freshwater dive in Lake Baikal?
A) Vladimir Putin
B) The crew of Mir-1 and Mir-2
C) Anatoly Sagalevich
D) Artur Chilingarov
  • 84. In which year did Anatoly Sagalevich set the record for the deepest freshwater dive in Lake Baikal?
A) 1990
B) 2000
C) 2008
D) 1993
  • 85. What is the name of the submersible used by Anatoly Sagalevich to set the deepest freshwater dive record?
A) BDUNT
B) Mir-2
C) Mir-1
D) Pisces
  • 86. Who led the 2008 mission involving Mir-1 and Mir-2 submersibles?
A) Vladimir Putin
B) The leader of the Baikalian Research Centre
C) Artur Chilingarov
D) Anatoly Sagalevich
  • 87. How many optical modules does the Baikal Neutrino Telescope NT-200 consist of?
A) 200
B) 250
C) 150
D) 192
  • 88. Since which year has neutrino research been conducted at the Baikal Deep Underwater Neutrino Telescope?
A) 2000
B) 1993
C) 1990
D) 2008
  • 89. Who is one of the investors planning to build hotels near Lake Baikal?
A) Viktor Grigorov
B) Viktor Medvedev
C) Viktor Yanukovych
D) Viktor Putin
  • 90. In what year did the Russian government declare the Baikal region a special economic zone?
A) 2005
B) 2012
C) 2010
D) 2007
  • 91. Which organization built the Frolikha Adventure Coastline Track?
A) UNESCO
B) Greenpeace
C) WWF
D) Baikalplan (a German NGO)
  • 92. What is the planned investment by Rosatom in the Baikal region?
A) $3 billion
B) $2 billion
C) $1.5 billion
D) $2.5 billion
  • 93. How many foreign tourists visited Lake Baikal in 2014?
A) 120,000
B) 100,000
C) 146,937
D) 200,000
  • 94. Which village is the starting point for the ice road to Olkhon Island?
A) Turka
B) Listvyanka
C) Irkutsk
D) Kurkut
  • 95. What is the maximum thickness of the ice on the ice road to Olkhon Island?
A) 70 cm
B) 60 cm
C) 50 cm
D) 80 cm
  • 96. During which season can tourists safely drive on the ice cover of Lake Baikal?
A) Spring season
B) Autumn season
C) Ice season
D) Summer season
  • 97. Which island is accessible via the ice route around Olkhon?
A) Listvyanka Island
B) Kotelnikovsky Island
C) Ogoy Island
D) Turka Island
  • 98. What is the most-populated village on Olkhon Island?
A) Khuzhir
B) Irkutskaya
C) Listvyanka
D) Kurkut
  • 99. What activity is popular in Baikal's summer season?
A) Ice-skating
B) Ice-walking
C) Bird-watching
D) Ice-fishing
  • 100. Which gulf in Lake Baikal can be comfortable for swimming?
A) Kurkut
B) Turka
C) Irkutskaya
D) Chivirkuy
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