A) Triple helix B) Single strand C) Double helix D) Circular
A) Carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome B) Replicates DNA C) Stabilizes the genetic information D) Translates proteins into genetic code
A) An enzyme in the nucleus B) A protein subunit C) A three-nucleotide sequence in mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid D) A segment of DNA that regulates gene expression
A) Endoplasmic reticulum B) Nucleus C) Golgi apparatus D) Mitochondria
A) Large protein structure in the cell membrane B) Small RNA molecule involved in protein synthesis C) Circular DNA molecule found in bacteria that can replicate independently D) Segment of chromosomal DNA
A) Gene cloning B) Gel electrophoresis C) DNA sequencing D) PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)
A) Stabilizes the genetic code B) Transfers amino acids to the ribosome C) Connects mRNA and ribosomes D) Transcribes DNA
A) Mutation B) Transcription C) Replication D) Translation
A) Helicase B) Ligase C) DNA polymerase D) Topoisomerase
A) Rosalind Franklin B) The English physicist William Astbury C) James Watson D) Francis Crick
A) 1953 B) 1962 C) 1945 D) 1869
A) William Astbury, Rosalind Franklin, and James Watson B) Gregor Mendel, Friedrich Miescher, and Phoebus Levene C) James Watson, Francis Crick, and Maurice Wilkins D) Rosalind Franklin, Erwin Chargaff, and Max Perutz
A) The double helix model of DNA B) Chargaff's rule C) The laws of inheritance through studies on pea plants D) The discovery of DNA structure
A) James Watson B) Phoebus Levene C) Erwin Chargaff D) Francis Crick
A) Biology, geology, and meteorology B) Genetics, biochemistry, physics, mathematics, and computer science (bioinformatics) C) Physics, chemistry, and astronomy D) Chemistry, engineering, and philosophy
A) James Watson B) Francis Crick C) Frederick Griffith D) Gregor Mendel
A) 1944 B) 1905 C) 1928 D) 1953
A) Genetic recombination B) Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) C) Mutation D) Vertical gene transfer
A) It lacks genetic material. B) It has a rough colony appearance. C) Its polysaccharide capsule prevents recognition by the host's immune system. D) It produces toxins that kill the host.
A) Using mass spectrometry. B) By measuring pH changes. C) Via radioactivity or fluorescence. D) Through electron microscopy.
A) Site-directed mutagenesis using PCR B) Transfection C) Transformation D) Gel electrophoresis
A) 620 nm B) 595 nm C) 465 nm D) 700 nm
A) Conjugation B) Transfection C) Transduction D) Transformation
A) 30–40 nucleotides. B) 20–25 nucleotides. C) 50–100 nucleotides. D) 5–10 nucleotides.
A) Kitchen blender B) Spectrophotometer C) Centrifuge D) Microscope
A) Conservative replication B) Dispersive replication C) Semiconservative replication D) Non-conservative replication
A) Western blotting B) Microarrays C) Eastern blotting D) Northern blotting
A) Gel electrophoresis B) Molecular cloning C) Transfection D) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
A) Replication B) Transformation C) Conjugation D) Transduction
A) Transformation B) Transfection C) Conjugation D) Transduction
A) Standard PCR B) Molecular cloning C) Reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) D) Gel electrophoresis
A) The same type B) Different types C) Only one common type D) No antigens
A) ~50 micrometre diameter B) ~500 micrometre diameter C) ~100 micrometre diameter D) ~200 micrometre diameter
A) 2D gel electrophoresis B) SDS-PAGE C) Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis D) Agarose gel electrophoresis
A) Using computer science techniques. B) Focusing on chemical substances in living organisms. C) Predicting genetic mutations. D) Studying biomolecules 'from the ground up'.
A) Radioactive carbon B) Radioactive sulfur C) Radioactive hydrogen D) Radioactive phosphorus
A) SYBR Green B) Ethidium bromide C) Methylene blue D) Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250
A) Streptococcus pneumoniae B) Escherichia coli C) Bacteriophage D) Salmonella typhimurium
A) Silicon chips B) Nylon membranes C) Nitrocellulose D) Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)
A) Gel electrophoresis B) Molecular cloning C) Standard PCR D) Quantitative PCR
A) Magnesium chloride B) Strong alkaline buffering agents such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) C) Proteins D) Ethanol
A) Capillary action B) Chromatography C) Electrophoresis D) Centrifugation
A) 1970s B) 1990s C) 1960s D) 1980s
A) Chromatography. B) X-ray crystallography. C) Gel electrophoresis. D) Viscometry.
A) Edwin Southern B) Kary Mullis C) Patricia Thomas D) Marion M. Bradford
A) Microarrays B) Eastern blotting C) Northern blotting D) Western blotting
A) Microarray spot analysis. B) RNA electrophoresis. C) Chemiluminescence D) DNA hybridization.
A) Northern blotting uses antibodies, while western blotting does not. B) Northern blotting is used for gene expression profiling. C) Western blotting detects post-translational modifications. D) Northern blotting analyzes RNA, while western blotting analyzes proteins.
A) Nylon B) Nitrocellulose C) Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) D) Silicon chips |