A) Single strand B) Circular C) Double helix D) Triple helix
A) Stabilizes the genetic information B) Carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome C) Translates proteins into genetic code D) Replicates DNA
A) A protein subunit B) An enzyme in the nucleus C) A three-nucleotide sequence in mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid D) A segment of DNA that regulates gene expression
A) Golgi apparatus B) Mitochondria C) Nucleus D) Endoplasmic reticulum
A) Small RNA molecule involved in protein synthesis B) Segment of chromosomal DNA C) Circular DNA molecule found in bacteria that can replicate independently D) Large protein structure in the cell membrane
A) DNA sequencing B) PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) C) Gel electrophoresis D) Gene cloning
A) Transfers amino acids to the ribosome B) Stabilizes the genetic code C) Connects mRNA and ribosomes D) Transcribes DNA
A) Transcription B) Mutation C) Translation D) Replication
A) Ligase B) Topoisomerase C) DNA polymerase D) Helicase
A) Rosalind Franklin B) James Watson C) The English physicist William Astbury D) Francis Crick
A) 1962 B) 1953 C) 1869 D) 1945
A) Rosalind Franklin, Erwin Chargaff, and Max Perutz B) James Watson, Francis Crick, and Maurice Wilkins C) Gregor Mendel, Friedrich Miescher, and Phoebus Levene D) William Astbury, Rosalind Franklin, and James Watson
A) Chargaff's rule B) The laws of inheritance through studies on pea plants C) The double helix model of DNA D) The discovery of DNA structure
A) James Watson B) Francis Crick C) Phoebus Levene D) Erwin Chargaff
A) Chemistry, engineering, and philosophy B) Biology, geology, and meteorology C) Genetics, biochemistry, physics, mathematics, and computer science (bioinformatics) D) Physics, chemistry, and astronomy
A) Frederick Griffith B) James Watson C) Gregor Mendel D) Francis Crick
A) 1944 B) 1905 C) 1953 D) 1928
A) Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) B) Genetic recombination C) Vertical gene transfer D) Mutation
A) Its polysaccharide capsule prevents recognition by the host's immune system. B) It has a rough colony appearance. C) It produces toxins that kill the host. D) It lacks genetic material.
A) By measuring pH changes. B) Through electron microscopy. C) Using mass spectrometry. D) Via radioactivity or fluorescence.
A) Gel electrophoresis B) Site-directed mutagenesis using PCR C) Transformation D) Transfection
A) 465 nm B) 700 nm C) 620 nm D) 595 nm
A) Transformation B) Transduction C) Conjugation D) Transfection
A) 30–40 nucleotides. B) 5–10 nucleotides. C) 50–100 nucleotides. D) 20–25 nucleotides.
A) Microscope B) Spectrophotometer C) Centrifuge D) Kitchen blender
A) Conservative replication B) Dispersive replication C) Non-conservative replication D) Semiconservative replication
A) Microarrays B) Western blotting C) Eastern blotting D) Northern blotting
A) Transfection B) Gel electrophoresis C) Molecular cloning D) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
A) Transduction B) Conjugation C) Replication D) Transformation
A) Transfection B) Transformation C) Transduction D) Conjugation
A) Standard PCR B) Molecular cloning C) Reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) D) Gel electrophoresis
A) Different types B) Only one common type C) The same type D) No antigens
A) ~500 micrometre diameter B) ~200 micrometre diameter C) ~50 micrometre diameter D) ~100 micrometre diameter
A) Agarose gel electrophoresis B) Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis C) SDS-PAGE D) 2D gel electrophoresis
A) Studying biomolecules 'from the ground up'. B) Using computer science techniques. C) Predicting genetic mutations. D) Focusing on chemical substances in living organisms.
A) Radioactive carbon B) Radioactive sulfur C) Radioactive phosphorus D) Radioactive hydrogen
A) Methylene blue B) Ethidium bromide C) Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 D) SYBR Green
A) Escherichia coli B) Salmonella typhimurium C) Bacteriophage D) Streptococcus pneumoniae
A) Silicon chips B) Nitrocellulose C) Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) D) Nylon membranes
A) Gel electrophoresis B) Quantitative PCR C) Standard PCR D) Molecular cloning
A) Magnesium chloride B) Ethanol C) Proteins D) Strong alkaline buffering agents such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)
A) Centrifugation B) Electrophoresis C) Capillary action D) Chromatography
A) 1970s B) 1980s C) 1990s D) 1960s
A) Chromatography. B) X-ray crystallography. C) Gel electrophoresis. D) Viscometry.
A) Kary Mullis B) Marion M. Bradford C) Patricia Thomas D) Edwin Southern
A) Microarrays B) Eastern blotting C) Western blotting D) Northern blotting
A) RNA electrophoresis. B) DNA hybridization. C) Microarray spot analysis. D) Chemiluminescence
A) Northern blotting is used for gene expression profiling. B) Western blotting detects post-translational modifications. C) Northern blotting analyzes RNA, while western blotting analyzes proteins. D) Northern blotting uses antibodies, while western blotting does not.
A) Nylon B) Nitrocellulose C) Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) D) Silicon chips |