How to do scientific experiments using fruit flies
  • 1. What is the scientific name for the common fruit fly used in experiments?
A) Apis mellifera
B) Musca domestica
C) Drosophila melanogaster
D) Caenorhabditis elegans
  • 2. Why are fruit flies a good model organism for scientific research?
A) Complex genome similar to humans
B) Short life cycle and easy to breed
C) Resistance to environmental changes
D) Large size and ease of handling
  • 3. What is the approximate life cycle length of a fruit fly at 25°C?
A) About 60 days
B) About 1 day
C) About 30 days
D) About 10 days
  • 4. Which of the following is NOT a common food source for fruit flies in the lab?
A) Raw meat
B) Cornmeal-molasses agar
C) Instant potato flakes
D) Yeast
  • 5. How can you distinguish between male and female fruit flies?
A) Females are smaller than males
B) Males have pointed abdomens
C) Males have sex combs on their front legs
D) Females have darker eyes
  • 6. What is the purpose of 'etherizing' fruit flies?
A) To kill them for preservation
B) To sterilize them for breeding
C) To accelerate their development
D) To temporarily anesthetize them for observation
  • 7. What type of microscope is typically used to observe fruit flies?
A) Stereomicroscope
B) Compound microscope
C) Electron microscope
D) Atomic force microscope
  • 8. What is the significance of balancer chromosomes in fruit fly genetics?
A) They change the sex of the flies
B) They promote rapid development
C) They increase mutation rates
D) They prevent crossing over in specific regions
  • 9. What does 'P element' refer to in fruit fly genetics?
A) A type of food source
B) A method of anesthesia
C) A protein involved in eye development
D) A transposable element used for gene manipulation
  • 10. What is a 'stock' in the context of fruit fly research?
A) A measurement of fly size
B) A population of flies with a specific genetic background
C) A container for holding flies
D) A type of fruit used for food
  • 11. What is a common method for creating mutant fruit fly lines?
A) Selective breeding of large flies
B) Chemical mutagenesis
C) Feeding flies different colored food
D) Exposing flies to loud noises
  • 12. What is meant by 'crossing' flies?
A) Moving flies between different containers
B) Measuring the length of a fly's wings
C) Mating two flies with different genetic backgrounds
D) Counting the number of flies in a population
  • 13. What is a 'virgin' female fruit fly?
A) A female that has not yet mated
B) A female with a specific mutation
C) A female that lays infertile eggs
D) A female that is unusually large
  • 14. Why is it important to collect virgin females for certain experiments?
A) To control the genetic background of the offspring
B) Because they are more resistant to diseases
C) Because they lay more eggs
D) Because they are easier to handle
  • 15. What is the purpose of a 'vial' in fruit fly experiments?
A) A device for measuring fly speed
B) A type of food supplement
C) A tool for anesthetizing flies
D) A small container to house and breed flies
  • 16. What is the significance of 'eye color' mutants in fruit fly genetics?
A) They are easy to identify and track genetic crosses
B) They are more resistant to pesticides
C) They are more attracted to light
D) They develop faster than wild-type flies
  • 17. What is a 'balancer' chromosome used for?
A) Changing the sex ratio
B) Increasing mutation rates
C) Improving fertility
D) Maintaining heterozygous genotypes
  • 18. What is 'crossing over'?
A) Exchange of genetic material during meiosis
B) A method of anesthesia
C) A way to measure fly activity
D) A type of fly food
  • 19. What is meant by 'F1 generation'?
A) A measurement of fly size
B) A tool for sterilizing flies
C) A type of fly food
D) The first generation of offspring from a cross
  • 20. What is meant by 'F2 generation'?
A) The second generation of offspring from a cross
B) A specific type of mutation
C) A method to induce sleep in flies
D) A technique to analyze fly behavior
  • 21. What does 'wild-type' refer to in fruit fly studies?
A) A fly that can survive in extreme conditions
B) The normal, non-mutated phenotype
C) A fly that is resistant to pesticides
D) A fly with many mutations
  • 22. What is a common application of fruit fly research?
A) Creating new types of fruit
B) Improving bee colony health
C) Studying human diseases
D) Developing new pesticides
  • 23. What is the best temperature range for most fruit fly experiments?
A) 10-15°C
B) 22-25°C
C) 30-35°C
D) 5-10°C
  • 24. What is the recommended humidity for fruit fly cultures?
A) 50-60%
B) 80-90%
C) 0%
D) 10-20%
  • 25. What is 'gene mapping' in fruit fly research?
A) Analyzing fly behavior in different environments
B) Determining the location of genes on chromosomes
C) Counting the number of genes in a fly genome
D) Modifying fly genes for food production
  • 26. What is the purpose of using a 'fly morgue'?
A) To store food for the flies
B) To keep flies warm during cold weather
C) To collect dead flies for disposal and analysis
D) To provide a dark environment for fly sleep
  • 27. What is optogenetics used for in fly research?
A) Measuring the size of fly organs
B) Creating different colored flies
C) Controlling neuron activity with light
D) Analyzing the chemical composition of fly food
  • 28. What is a common method for sterilizing fruit fly vials?
A) Microwaving
B) Using bleach
C) Autoclaving
D) Freezing
  • 29. What is the purpose of adding antifungal agents to fly food?
A) To provide extra nutrients for the flies
B) To make the food more attractive to the flies
C) To kill any bacteria in the food
D) To prevent mold growth
  • 30. What type of anesthetic is most commonly used when anesthetizing flies?
A) Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
B) Halothane
C) Propofol
D) Ether
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