How to do scientific experiments using fruit flies
  • 1. What is the scientific name for the common fruit fly used in experiments?
A) Apis mellifera
B) Drosophila melanogaster
C) Caenorhabditis elegans
D) Musca domestica
  • 2. Why are fruit flies a good model organism for scientific research?
A) Resistance to environmental changes
B) Complex genome similar to humans
C) Short life cycle and easy to breed
D) Large size and ease of handling
  • 3. What is the approximate life cycle length of a fruit fly at 25°C?
A) About 30 days
B) About 1 day
C) About 10 days
D) About 60 days
  • 4. Which of the following is NOT a common food source for fruit flies in the lab?
A) Raw meat
B) Cornmeal-molasses agar
C) Yeast
D) Instant potato flakes
  • 5. How can you distinguish between male and female fruit flies?
A) Females are smaller than males
B) Males have sex combs on their front legs
C) Males have pointed abdomens
D) Females have darker eyes
  • 6. What is the purpose of 'etherizing' fruit flies?
A) To sterilize them for breeding
B) To kill them for preservation
C) To temporarily anesthetize them for observation
D) To accelerate their development
  • 7. What type of microscope is typically used to observe fruit flies?
A) Electron microscope
B) Atomic force microscope
C) Compound microscope
D) Stereomicroscope
  • 8. What is the significance of balancer chromosomes in fruit fly genetics?
A) They increase mutation rates
B) They promote rapid development
C) They prevent crossing over in specific regions
D) They change the sex of the flies
  • 9. What does 'P element' refer to in fruit fly genetics?
A) A type of food source
B) A method of anesthesia
C) A protein involved in eye development
D) A transposable element used for gene manipulation
  • 10. What is a 'stock' in the context of fruit fly research?
A) A measurement of fly size
B) A population of flies with a specific genetic background
C) A type of fruit used for food
D) A container for holding flies
  • 11. What is a common method for creating mutant fruit fly lines?
A) Feeding flies different colored food
B) Exposing flies to loud noises
C) Selective breeding of large flies
D) Chemical mutagenesis
  • 12. What is meant by 'crossing' flies?
A) Measuring the length of a fly's wings
B) Mating two flies with different genetic backgrounds
C) Moving flies between different containers
D) Counting the number of flies in a population
  • 13. What is a 'virgin' female fruit fly?
A) A female that is unusually large
B) A female that lays infertile eggs
C) A female with a specific mutation
D) A female that has not yet mated
  • 14. Why is it important to collect virgin females for certain experiments?
A) Because they are more resistant to diseases
B) To control the genetic background of the offspring
C) Because they are easier to handle
D) Because they lay more eggs
  • 15. What is the purpose of a 'vial' in fruit fly experiments?
A) A tool for anesthetizing flies
B) A device for measuring fly speed
C) A small container to house and breed flies
D) A type of food supplement
  • 16. What is the significance of 'eye color' mutants in fruit fly genetics?
A) They develop faster than wild-type flies
B) They are more resistant to pesticides
C) They are more attracted to light
D) They are easy to identify and track genetic crosses
  • 17. What is a 'balancer' chromosome used for?
A) Maintaining heterozygous genotypes
B) Changing the sex ratio
C) Improving fertility
D) Increasing mutation rates
  • 18. What is 'crossing over'?
A) A way to measure fly activity
B) A type of fly food
C) Exchange of genetic material during meiosis
D) A method of anesthesia
  • 19. What is meant by 'F1 generation'?
A) A type of fly food
B) The first generation of offspring from a cross
C) A measurement of fly size
D) A tool for sterilizing flies
  • 20. What is meant by 'F2 generation'?
A) The second generation of offspring from a cross
B) A technique to analyze fly behavior
C) A specific type of mutation
D) A method to induce sleep in flies
  • 21. What does 'wild-type' refer to in fruit fly studies?
A) A fly that is resistant to pesticides
B) A fly that can survive in extreme conditions
C) A fly with many mutations
D) The normal, non-mutated phenotype
  • 22. What is a common application of fruit fly research?
A) Developing new pesticides
B) Studying human diseases
C) Improving bee colony health
D) Creating new types of fruit
  • 23. What is the best temperature range for most fruit fly experiments?
A) 10-15°C
B) 22-25°C
C) 30-35°C
D) 5-10°C
  • 24. What is the recommended humidity for fruit fly cultures?
A) 50-60%
B) 0%
C) 10-20%
D) 80-90%
  • 25. What is 'gene mapping' in fruit fly research?
A) Counting the number of genes in a fly genome
B) Determining the location of genes on chromosomes
C) Modifying fly genes for food production
D) Analyzing fly behavior in different environments
  • 26. What is the purpose of using a 'fly morgue'?
A) To store food for the flies
B) To keep flies warm during cold weather
C) To collect dead flies for disposal and analysis
D) To provide a dark environment for fly sleep
  • 27. What is optogenetics used for in fly research?
A) Measuring the size of fly organs
B) Controlling neuron activity with light
C) Creating different colored flies
D) Analyzing the chemical composition of fly food
  • 28. What is a common method for sterilizing fruit fly vials?
A) Microwaving
B) Autoclaving
C) Freezing
D) Using bleach
  • 29. What is the purpose of adding antifungal agents to fly food?
A) To prevent mold growth
B) To make the food more attractive to the flies
C) To provide extra nutrients for the flies
D) To kill any bacteria in the food
  • 30. What type of anesthetic is most commonly used when anesthetizing flies?
A) Propofol
B) Halothane
C) Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
D) Ether
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