A) The total energy of a system. B) The potential energy of particles in a system. C) A measure of the disorder or randomness of a system. D) The energy required to bring a system to absolute zero temperature.
A) It describes a system in which energy can be exchanged with the surroundings. B) It describes a system with varying energy levels. C) It describes an isolated system with fixed energy and number of particles. D) It describes a system in thermal equilibrium with its surroundings.
A) It relates the entropy of a system to the number of possible microscopic states. B) It determines the pressure-volume work done by a system. C) It converts temperature scales from Celsius to Fahrenheit. D) It calculates the average energy of particles in a system.
A) The distribution of particles in different energy levels. B) The tendency of a system to reach thermal equilibrium. C) The likelihood of a system to undergo phase transitions. D) The number of distinct ways a system can achieve a particular energy level.
A) The ratio of the number of moles of reactants to products in a reaction. B) The rate at which chemical reactions occur in a system. C) The energy required to break a chemical bond. D) The change in free energy of a system as a particle is added or removed.
A) It describes a system in thermal equilibrium with a heat reservoir at a fixed temperature. B) It describes a closed system with constant energy. C) It describes a system with fixed number of particles but variable energy. D) It describes a system with a changing volume and pressure.
A) The probabilities of different microstates depend on their energy levels. B) States of higher energy are more probable than states of lower energy. C) Particles within a system have the same probability of being in any given state. D) All microstates of a system in thermodynamic equilibrium are equally probable.
A) A system's temperature remains constant over time. B) Heat is constantly increasing within a system. C) Only a small amount of heat is lost from a system. D) There is no net flow of heat between a system and its surroundings.
A) It describes a system with varying energy levels. B) It describes a system with a fixed number of particles and variable energy. C) It describes a system with fixed chemical potential, temperature, and volume. D) It describes a system in equilibrium with a heat reservoir at constant temperature.
A) Energy is conserved in any thermodynamic process. B) Entropy of an isolated system tends to increase over time. C) The entropy of a system can be reduced to zero at absolute zero temperature. D) Total energy of a system and its surroundings always remains constant. |